1、Designation: D 5278 98 (Reapproved 2004)Standard Test Method forElongation of Narrow Elastic Fabrics (Static-Load Testing)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5278; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision,
2、the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method determines the elongation characteris-tics of narrow elastic fabrics made from natural o
3、r man-madeelastomers, either alone or in combination with other textilefibers, when tested with a static load testing procedure beforeor after laundering.NOTE 1For determination of similar characteristics using theconstant-rate-of-extension (CRE) type tensile testing machine, refer toTest Method D 4
4、964.NOTE 2For determination of similar characteristics using theconstant-rate-of load (CRL) type tensile testing machine, refer to TestMethod D 1775.1.2 The use of this test method requires the selection of, ormutual agreement upon, the effective static load at which thetest results will be determin
5、ed.1.3 Laundering procedures used will be those specified inTest Method AATCC 135 for 3 washing and drying cycles.1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, theinch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated ineac
6、h system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each systemshall be used independently of the other. Combining valuesfrom the two systems may result in nonconformance with thespecifications.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is
7、 theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 123 Terminology Relating to Textile MaterialsD 1775 Test Method for Tension and E
8、longation of WideElastic FabricsD 1776 Practice for Conditioning Textiles for TestingD 4964 Test Method for Tension and Elongation of ElasticFabrics (Constant-Rate-of-Extension Type Tensile TestingMachine)2.2 AATCC Test Method:135 Dimensional Changes in Automatic Home Launderingof Woven and Knit Fab
9、rics33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 elongation, nthe ratio of the extension of a materialto the length of the material prior to stretching. (Compareextension.)3.1.2 marrow elastic fabric, nan elastic fabric that is lessthan 150 mm 6 in. in width.3.1.3 static load, nin textile testing, a mass wh
10、ich exertsa force by means of the mass alone without motion (synonym,dead load).4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Conditioned test specimens, laundered or unlaundered,are suspended and subjected to a specified loading. The staticload is applied for a specified time, released, and the cyclerepeated two mo
11、re times. The percent elongation is readdirectly from the scale on the apparatus.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for accep-tance testing of commercial shipments of narrow elastic fabricsbecause the test method is used in the trade for acceptancetesting.5.1.1 In
12、 case of a dispute arising from differences inreported test results when using this test method for acceptancetesting of commercial shipments, the parties should conductcomparative tests to determine if there is a statistical biasbetween their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance isrecomme
13、nded for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, thetwo parties should take a group of test specimens that are ashomogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of material ofthe type in question. The test specimens should then berandomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for1This test m
14、ethod is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.59 on Fabric Test Methods,General.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2004. Published January 2005. Originallyapproved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 1992 as D 527892.2For r
15、eferenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colori
16、sts, P.O.Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.testing. The average results from the two laboratories should becompared using students t-test for unpaired data and anacceptable pr
17、obability level chosen by the two parties beforetesting is begun. If bias is found, either the cause must be foundand corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree tointerpret future test results in the light of the known bias.5.2 This test method specifies the use of a static loadapparatus
18、. Users of this test method are cautioned that elonga-tion test data obtained using this test method are not compa-rable to elongation test data obtained using either constant-rate-of-extension (CRE) or constant-rate-of-loading (CRL) typetensile testing machines.6. Apparatus6.1 Static Load Test Appa
19、ratus, equipped with a verticallymounted, fixed saw-tooth clamp for holding the upper portionof the specimen, a scale for reading percent elongation, and anunattached weighted saw-tooth clamp for holding the lowerportion of the specimen.6.2 Static Loads including holder and lower clamp.6.3 Bench Mar
20、ker, for marking 125.0-mm 5.0-in. and250.0-mm 10-in. distances, with stamp pad.7. Sampling7.1 Lot SampleAs a lot sample for acceptance testing,take at random the number of rolls of fabric as directed in anapplicable material specification, or other agreement betweenthe purchaser and the supplier. Co
21、nsider rolls of fabric or boxesof festooned fabric to be the primary sampling units.7.2 Laboratory SampleAs a laboratory sample for accep-tance testing, take a full-width swatch,2m2ydlong, fromthe end of each packaging unit in the lot sample, after firstdiscarding a minimum of1m1ydoffabric from the
22、leadingend of the packaging unit.7.3 Test SpecimensTake three test specimens from eachswatch in the laboratory sample.8. Test Specimens8.1 Preparation:8.1.1 When samples exceed 75 mm 3 in. use a 75-mmwidth cut from the center of the piece unless the purchaser andseller agree to a different sample wi
23、dth.8.1.2 Prepare test specimens considered to be high stretch(200 % and above) as follows:8.1.2.1 Cut the test specimens approximately 230 9 in.long with this dimension parallel to the length of the fabric.Unless the fabric width exceeds 75 mm 3 in., use the fullfabric width as the test specimen wi
24、dth.8.1.2.2 With the bench marker, make two marks on the testspecimen that are 125.0 mm 5.0 in. apart, approximately thesame distance from the test specimen ends and perpendicular tothe long direction of the test specimen.8.1.3 Prepare test specimens considered to be low stretch(below 200 %) as foll
25、ows:8.1.3.1 Cut the test specimens approximately 356 mm 14in. long with this dimension parallel to the length of the fabric.Unless the fabric width exceeds 75 mm 3 in., use the fullfabric width as the test specimen width.8.1.3.2 With the bench marker, make two marks on the testspecimen that are 250
26、mm 10 in. apart, approximately thesame distance from the test specimen ends and perpendicular tothe long direction of the test specimen.9. Conditioning9.1 Condition the laboratory samples as directed in PracticeD 1776. Allow the samples to relax, free of tension, for aminimum of 4 h. After this expo
27、sure, it may be assumed thatmoisture equilibrium has been reached.10. Procedure10.1 Test all test specimens in the standard atmosphere fortesting textiles, which is 21 6 1C 70 6 2F and 65 6 2%relative humidity.10.2 Mount the test specimen with the upper bench markaligned with the teeth on the fixed
28、clamp.10.3 Load the free clamp with the appropriate static load.10.4 Without putting any tension on the test specimen,attach the static-load clamp at the lower bench mark of the testspecimen.10.5 Carefully lower the clamp vertically, letting the testspecimen take up the load gradually. Let the test
29、specimenhang for 10 s.10.6 Exercise the test specimen to remove static load byraising the clamp vertically to allow full relaxation of the testspecimen, lowering it gently, and letting the test specimen hangfor another 10 s.10.7 Repeat 10.6 once more.10.8 Read and record the percent of elongation to
30、 thenearest 0.1 %.10.9 Repeat the process with the two remaining test speci-mens.11. Calculation11.1 Calculate the average elongation for each sample, tothe nearest 0.1 %.12. Report12.1 State that the test specimens were tested as directed inTest Method D 5278. Describe the material(s) or product(s)
31、sampled and the method of sampling used.12.2 Report the following information:12.2.1 The average percent elongation for each sample,12.2.2 The loading used, the benchmark length and thewidth of the test specimen, and12.2.3 Whether or not the test specimens were laundered.13. Precision and Bias13.1 T
32、he interlaboratory tests have been completed and thedata analysis is awaiting the ASTM program for precision andbias statements.14. Keywords14.1 elastic fabric; elongation; static loadD 5278 98 (2004)2ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in conne
33、ction with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsi
34、ble technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful co
35、nsideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100
36、 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 5278 98 (2004)3
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