1、Designation: D 5336 09Standard Specification forPolyphthalamide (PPA) Injection Molding Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5336; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision
2、. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers polyphthalamide materialssuitable for injection molding.1.2 The properties included in this specificatio
3、n are thoserequired to identify the compositions covered. Other require-ments necessary to identify particular characteristics importantto specialized applications are to be specified by using suffixesas given in Section 5. See Guide D 5740.1.3 This specification allows for the use of recycled mate-
4、rials provided that all specification requirements are met.1.4 This specification is intended to be a means of callingout plastics materials used in the fabrication of end items orparts. It is not intended for the selection of materials. Materialselection can be made by those having expertise in the
5、 plasticsfield only after careful consideration of the design and theperformance required of the part, the environment to which itwill be exposed, the fabrication process to be employed, thecosts involved, and the inherent properties of the material otherthan those covered by this specification.1.5
6、The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard (see IEEE/ASTM SI-10). The values given in paren-theses are for information only.1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 12, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to addres
7、s all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are givenin Note 6.NOTE 1T
8、here is no known ISO equivalent to this specification.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 256 Test Methods for Determining the Izod PendulumImpact Resistance of PlasticsD 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD 648 Test Method
9、for Deflection Temperature of PlasticsUnder Flexural Load in the Edgewise PositionD 790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating MaterialsD 792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD
10、883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD 2857 Practice for Dilute Solution Viscosity of PolymersD 3418 Test Method for Transition Temperatures and En-thalpies of Fusion and Crystallization of Polymers byDifferential Scanning CalorimetryD 3641
11、Practice for Injection Molding Test Specimens ofThermoplastic Molding and Extrusion MaterialsD 3801 Test Method for Measuring the Comparative Burn-ing Characteristics of Solid Plastics in a Vertical PositionD 3835 Test Method for Determination of Properties ofPolymeric Materials by Means of a Capill
12、ary RheometerD 3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsD 4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Mate-rialsD 5225 Test Method for Measuring Solution Viscosity ofPolymers with a Differential ViscometerD 5630 Test Method for Ash Content in PlasticsD 5740 Guide for Writing Material Sta
13、ndards in the Clas-sification D 4000 Format1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on ThermoplasticMaterials (Section D20.15.09).Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2009. Published September 2009. Originally
14、approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D 5336 - 03.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe AS
15、TM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.D 6869 Test Method for Coulometric and Volumetric De-termination of Moisture in Plastics Using the Karl Fisc
16、herReaction (the Reaction of Iodine with Water)E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsIEEE/ASTM SI-10 Standard for Use of the InternationalSystem of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System2.2 Underwriters Laboratories Standard:UL94 Standard for
17、 Tests for Flammability of Plastic Mate-rials32.3 ISO Standards:4ISO 75-1 Determination of Temperature of DeflectionUnnder Load Part 1:General Test MethodsISO 75-2 Determination of Temperature of DeflectionUnnder Load Part 2: Plastics and EboniteISO 179-1 Determination of Charpy Impact StrengthPart1
18、: Non-Instrumented Impact TestISO 294-1 Injection Moulding of Test Specimens of Ther-moplastic MaterialsPart 1: General Principles,Multipurpose-Test Specimens and BarsISO 527-1 Determination of Tensile PropertiesPart 1:General PrinciplesISO 527-2 Determination of Tensile PropertiesPart 2:Testing Con
19、ditionsISO 3451-1 Determination of Ash General MethodsISO 3451-4 Determination of Ash, PolyamidesISO 15512 Determination of Water Content3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe terminology used in this specificationis in accordance with Terminologies D 883 and D 1600.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to Th
20、is Standard:3.2.1 polyphthalamide, PPA, na polyamide in which resi-dues of terephthalic acid or isophthalic acid or a combinationof the two comprise at least 55 molar percentage of thedicarboxylic acid portion of the repeating structural units in thepolymer chain.4. Classification4.1 The polyphthala
21、mide materials will be designated“PPA,” as specified in Terminology D 1600.4.2 Unreinforced polyphthalamide materials are classifiedinto groups according to crystallinity. These groups are subdi-vided into classes and grades as shown in Table PPA.NOTE 2An example of this classification system is as
22、follows:The designation PPA0121 would indicate from Table PPA:PPA = Polyphthalamide as found in Terminology D 160001 (Group) = Semicrystalline PPA2 (Class) = Low-temperature molding material1 (Grade) = With the corresponding requirements shown in Table PPA4.2.1 To facilitate the incorporation of fut
23、ure or specialmaterials, the “other/unspecified” category (00) for group, (0)for class, and (0) for grade is shown. The basic properties of thematerial can be obtained from Table A as they apply.4.3 Reinforced and lubricated versions of the polyphthala-mide materials are classified in accordance wit
24、h Tables PPAandA, where Table PPAspecifies the unreinforced material andTable A the properties after the addition of reinforcements orlubricants at the nominal level indicated (see 4.3.1).4.3.1 A single letter shall be used to indicate the majorreinforcement, or filler, or combinations of reinforcem
25、ents orfillers, or both, along with two digits that indicate the percent-age of additive(s) by total mass, with tolerances as tabulated asfollows:Symbol Material Tolerance (Based on the Total Mass)C Carbon or graphite fiber 63%G Glass reinforced 63%L Lubricants by agreement between the supplier andt
26、he userM Mineral 63%R Combinations of reinforce-ments or fillers, or both63 % for the total reinforcement orfiller, or bothTABLE PPA Requirements for Unreinforced Polyphthalamide ResinsGroup Description Class Description Grade DescriptionInherentViscosityAdL/gMeltingTemperature,BCGlassTransitionB,Tg
27、, C01 semicrystalline 1 high-temperature molding 1 0.80-1.06 305-320 115-1302 0.70-1.00 315-330 115-130PPA 0 Other2 low-temperature molding 1 0.80-1.05 320-335 90-1052 0.85-0.95 290-305 85-953 0.85-1.05 300-315 85-950 Other0 Other 0 Other00 Other 0 Other 0 OtherAPractice D 2857 or Test Method D 5225
28、 with conditions as specified in 12.7 of this specification.BTest Method D 3418 using a heating rate of 10C/min.3Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 333 Pfingsten Rd., North-brook, IL 60062-2096, http:/.4Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor
29、, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.D5336092TABLE A Detail Requirements of Special Reinforced PPAs Using ASTM MethodsNOTEAll mechanical properties are determined on dry-as-molded injection molded specimens.Property 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9Inherent viscosity,ATest MethodD 2857, dL/g, minB0.60 0.7 0.7
30、5 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1CTensile strength, Test Method D 638D,MPaE(psi), minB45 (6500) 75 (10 900) 90 (13 000) 100 (14 500) 135 (19 600) 200 (29 000) 230 (33 400) 255 (37 000)CFlexural modulus, Test Method D 790F,GPA (kpsi), minB1.5 (218) 2.5 (363) 3.0 (435) 5.5 (798) 6.5 (943) 10.0 (1450) 13.5 (1958)
31、15.0 (2175)CIzod impact, Test Method D 256GJ/mH(ft-lbf/in), minB20 (0.38) 40 (0.75) 60 (1.1) 90 (1.6) 100 (1.9) 350 (6.6) 500 (9.4) 650 (12.1)CDeflection Temperature Test MethodD 648I, C, minB100 125 160 185 210 235 260 285CASee 12.7 of this specification for specific conditions.BUnspecified require
32、ment.CSpecific value must be given in call-out.DTest Method D 638, Type I tensile bar. The speed of testing shall be as described in 12.2 of this specification.EMPa 3 145 = psi.FTest Method D 790 with a 1-mm (0.05-in.)/min testing speed.GTest Methods D 256, Test Method A.HJ/m 3 0.01873 = ft-lb/in.IT
33、est Method D 648, using 1820-kPa (264-psi) stress.TABLE B Detail Requirements of Special Reinforced PPAs Using ISO MethodsNOTEAll mechanical properties are determined on dry-as-molded injection molded specimens.Property 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9Tensile strength, ISO 527 MPa minAB45 75 90 100 135 200 230 2
34、55CTensile modulus, ISO 527 GPa minDB1.5 3.5 5.5 7.5 9.5 12.0 14.0 18.0CCharpy, ISO 179-1, J/m2,minEB2.0 4.0 5.5 7.5 9.0 11.0 13.0 15.0CDeflection Temperature Under Load,ISO 75-2 method Af, C, minFB100 125 160 185 210 235 260 285CTo be determinedBAISO 527, Type IA tensile bar. The speed of testing s
35、hall be as described in 12.2 of this specification.BUnspecified requirement.CSpecific value must be given in call-out.DISO 527, Type 1A tensile bar. The Speed of testing shall be 1 mm/min.EISO 179-1, Test specimen shall be taken from the center portion of multipurpose tensile bar.FISO 75-2, The test
36、 specimen shall be taken from the center portion of the multipurpose tensile bar, 4 mm thick, and tested in the flatwise position.4.3.1.1 This part of the specification uses the type andpercentage of additive to designate the modification of thebasic material. To facilitate this designation, the typ
37、e andpercentage of additive can be shown on the suppliers technicaldata sheet unless it is proprietary in nature. If necessary,additional requirements shall be indicated by use of the suffixpart of the system, as given in Section 5.4.3.2 Tables A and B Detail RequirementsAn identifyingnumber is made
38、 up of the letter “A” or “B,” depending onwhether ASTM or ISO test methods are used, and five digitscomprising the cell numbers in the order in which the proper-ties appear.4.3.2.1 Although the values listed in Tables A and B arenecessary to include the range of properties available inexisting mater
39、ials, this does not imply that every possiblecombination of the properties exists or can be obtained.4.3.3 An example of this classification system for a 33 %glass-reinforced polyphthalamide material, using ASTM testmethods (Table A) is as follows:PPA0121G33A56577PPA0121 = Semicrystalline, low-tempe
40、rature molding grade polyphthalamidefrom Table PPA,G33 = Glass reinforced at 33 % nominal,A = Table A property requirements,5 = Inherent viscosity, min 0.85 dL/g,6 = Tensile strength, min 200 MPa,5 = Flexural modulus, min 6.5 GPa,7 = Izod impact, min 500 J/m,7 = Deflection temperature, min 260C, and
41、If no properties are specified, the designation would be PPA0121G33.D53360935. Suffixes5.1 When additional requirements are needed for the mate-rials covered in this specification that are not covered in TablesPPA, A, or B, then those requirements shall be designatedthrough the use of suffixes.5.1.1
42、 A list of suffixes found in Classification SystemD 4000 (Table 3) is useful for additional requirements asappropriate.5.2 Flammability callouts were changed in 2007. Thereforecallouts written before 2007 are different from those written in2007 and later.5.2.1 If the requirements for the polyphthala
43、mide materialin 4.3.3 also included flammability requirements, the followingexample illustrates the call-out based on ASTM D 4000-04:PPA0121G33A06577FL34PPA0121G33A06577 = Same as 4.3.3F = Flammability requirementsL=UL94 recognition required3 = UL recognition at 0.80-mm min thickness4 = UL rating 94
44、V-05.2.2 The following example illustrates the call-out basedon ASTM D 4000-07:PPA0121G33A06577FF003PPA0121G33A65770 = Same as 4.3.3F = Flammability requirementsF = Vertical burn rate by ASTM D 3801 or UL 94V0 = Rating of designation V-003 = 0.80 mm minimum specimen thickness6. Basic Requirements6.1
45、 Basic requirements from Tables PPA and A or B, as theyapply, are always in effect unless these requirements aresuperseded by specific suffix requirements, which always takeprecedence. Properties in Tables A and B supersede propertiesin Table PPA when reinforced or filled materials are specified.7.
46、General Requirements7.1 The material compositions shall be uniform and shallconform to the requirements specified herein.8. Detail Requirements8.1 Test specimens for the various materials shall conformto the requirements prescribed in Tables PPA and A or B, andthe suffix requirements as they apply.8
47、.2 For the purpose of determining conformance, all speci-fied limits in this specification are absolute limits, as defined inPractice E29.8.2.1 With the absolute method, an observed value or acalculated value is not rounded, but is to be compared directlyto the specified limiting value. Conformance
48、or nonconfor-mance with this specification is based on this comparison.9. Sampling9.1 Sampling shall be statistically adequate to satisfy therequirements of 13.4. A lot of material shall be considered as aunit of manufacture as prepared for shipment, and is permittedto consist of two or more “produc
49、tion runs” or batches.10. Specimen Preparation10.1 Mold test specimens by an injection molding process(see Practice D 3641 or ISO 294). Use the following condi-tions:Class Grade Melt Temperature C (F) Mold Temperature min, C (F)1 1 325-335 (620-635) 135 (275)2 335-345 (635-650) 135 (275)2 1 and 3 330-345 (625-650) 65 (150)2 2 320-330 (605-625) 65 (150)10.2 Materials used in the preparation of test specimensshall contain no more than 0.2 % moisture.NOTE 3If the moisture content exceeds the limits previously stated,drying the material by methods su
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