1、Designation: D5336 15aStandard Classification System and Basis for Specification forPolyphthalamide (PPA) Injection Molding Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5336; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of
2、revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This classification system covers polyphthalamide ma-terials suitable for injection molding.1.2
3、 The properties included in this classification system arethose required to identify the compositions covered. Otherrequirements necessary to identify particular characteristicsimportant to specialized applications are to be specified byusing suffixes as given in Section 5.1.3 This classification sy
4、stem allows for the use of recycledmaterials provided that all specification requirements are met.1.4 This classification system is intended to be a means ofcalling out plastics materials used in the fabrication of enditems or parts. It is not intended for the selection of materials.Material selecti
5、on can be made by those having expertise in theplastics field only after careful consideration of the design andthe performance required of the part, the environment to whichit will be exposed, the fabrication process to be employed, thecosts involved, and the inherent properties of the material oth
6、erthan those covered by this classification system.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard (see IEEE/ASTM SI-10). The values given in paren-theses are for information only.1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 11, of this
7、 classification system:This standard does not purport to address all of the safetyconcerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.
8、 Specific precautionary statements aregiven in 11.7.1.NOTE 1There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D256 Test Methods for Determining the Izod PendulumImpact Resistance of PlasticsD618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD638 Test Method
9、 for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD648 Test Method for Deflection Temperature of PlasticsUnder Flexural Load in the Edgewise PositionD790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-alsD792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravit
10、y (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1600 Terminology forAbbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-ticsD2857 Practice for Dilute Solution Viscosity of PolymersD3418 Test Method for Transition Temperatures and En-thalpies of Fusion and Crystallization of Pol
11、ymers byDifferential Scanning CalorimetryD3641 Practice for Injection Molding Test Specimens ofThermoplastic Molding and Extrusion MaterialsD3801 Test Method for Measuring the Comparative BurningCharacteristics of Solid Plastics in a Vertical PositionD3835 Test Method for Determination of Properties
12、 ofPolymeric Materials by Means of a Capillary RheometerD3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsD4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materi-alsD5225 Test Method for Measuring Solution Viscosity ofPolymers with a Differential ViscometerD5630 Test Method for Ash Content in Plasti
13、csD6869 Test Method for Coulometric and Volumetric Deter-mination of Moisture in Plastics Using the Karl FischerReaction (the Reaction of Iodine with Water)1This standard is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plasticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermoplast
14、ic Materials(Section D20.15.09).Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2015. Published October 2015. Originallyapproved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D5336 - 15. DOI:10.1520/D5336-15A.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service
15、 at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-295
16、9. United States1D7209 Guide for Waste Reduction, Resource Recovery, andUse of Recycled Polymeric Materials and Products (With-drawn 2015)3E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsIEEE/ASTM SI-10 Standard for Use of the InternationalSystem of
17、Units (SI): The Modern Metric System2.2 Underwriters Laboratories Standard:UL94 Standard for Tests for Flammability of Plastic Mate-rials42.3 ISO Standards:5ISO 75-1 Determination of Temperature of DeflectionUnnder Load Part 1:General Test MethodsISO 75-2 Determination of Temperature of DeflectionUn
18、nder Load Part 2: Plastics and EboniteISO 179-1 Determination of Charpy Impact StrengthPart1: Non-Instrumented Impact TestISO 294-1 Injection Moulding of Test Specimens of Ther-moplastic MaterialsPart 1: General Principles,Multipurpose-Test Specimens and BarsISO 527-1 Determination of Tensile Proper
19、tiesPart 1:General PrinciplesISO 527-2 Determination of Tensile PropertiesPart 2:Testing ConditionsISO 3451-1 Determination of Ash General MethodsISO 3451-4 Determination of Ash, PolyamidesISO 15512 Determination of Water Content3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe terminology used in this classificatio
20、nsystem is in accordance with Terminologies D883 and D1600.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 polyphthalamide, PPA, na polyamide in which resi-dues of terephthalic acid or isophthalic acid or a combinationof the two comprise at least 55 molar percentage of thedicarboxylic acid
21、portion of the repeating structural units in thepolymer chain.4. Classification4.1 The polyphthalamide materials are designated “PPA,” asspecified in Terminology D1600.4.2 Unreinforced polyphthalamide materials are classifiedinto groups according to crystallinity. These groups are subdi-vided into c
22、lasses and grades as shown in Table PPA.NOTE 2An example of this classification system is as follows:The designation PPA0121 would indicate from Table PPA:PPA = Polyphthalamide as found in Terminology D160001 (Group) = Semicrystalline PPA2 (Class) = Low-temperature molding material1 (Grade) = With t
23、he corresponding requirements shown in Table PPA4.2.1 To facilitate the incorporation of future or specialmaterials, the “other/unspecified” category (00) for group, (0)for class, and (0) for grade is shown.The basic properties of thematerial can be obtained from Table A as they apply.4.3 Reinforced
24、 and lubricated versions of the polyphthal-amide materials are classified in accordance with Tables PPAandA, whereTable PPAspecifies the unreinforced material andTable A the properties after the addition of reinforcements orlubricants at the nominal level indicated (see 4.3.1).NOTE 3This part of the
25、 classification system uses the percent ofreinforcements or additives, or both, in the callout of the modified basicmaterial. The types and percentages of reinforcements and additives issometimes shown on the suppliers technical data sheet. If necessaryadditional callout of these reinforcements and
26、additives can be accom-plished by use of the suffix of the system (see Section 5).NOTE 4Materials containing reinforcements or fillers, or both, atnominal levels not in multiples of five are included in the nearest gradedesignation. For example, a material with a nominal glass fiber level of33 % is
27、included with Grade G35.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 333 Pfingsten Rd.,Northbrook, IL 60062-2096, http:/.5Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New
28、York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.D5336 15a2TABLE PPA Requirements for Unreinforced Polyphthalamide ResinsGroup Description Class Description Grade DescriptionInherentViscosityAdL/gMeltingTemperature,BCGlassTransitionB,Tg, C01 semicrystalline 1 high-temperature molding 1 0.80-1.06 305-320 115-1302
29、0.70-1.00 315-330 115-130PPA 0 Other2 low-temperature molding 1 0.80-1.05 320-335 90-1052 0.85-0.95 290-305 85-953 0.85-1.05 300-315 85-950 Other0 Other 0 Other00 Other 0 Other 0 OtherAPractice D2857 or Test Method D5225 with conditions as specified in 11.7 of this classification system.BTest Method
30、 D3418 using a heating rate of 10C/min.TABLE A Detail Requirements of Special Reinforced PPAs Using ASTM MethodsNOTEAll mechanical properties are determined on dry-as-molded injection molded specimens.Property 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9Inherent viscosity,ATest Method D2857,dL/g, minB0.60 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85
31、0.9 0.95 1CTensile strength, Test Method D638D,MPaE(psi), minB45 (6500) 75 (10 900) 90 (13 000) 100 (14 500) 135 (19 600) 200 (29 000) 230 (33 400) 255 (37 000)CFlexural modulus, Test Method D790F,GPA (kpsi), minB1.5 (218) 2.5 (363) 3.0 (435) 5.5 (798) 6.5 (943) 10.0 (1450) 13.5 (1958) 15.0 (2175)CI
32、zod impact, Test Method D256GJ/mH(ft-lbf/in), minB20 (0.38) 40 (0.75) 60 (1.1) 90 (1.6) 100 (1.9) 350 (6.6) 500 (9.4) 650 (12.1)CDeflection Temperature Test MethodD648I, C, minB100 125 160 185 210 235 260 285CASee 11.7 of this classification system for specific conditions.BUnspecified requirement.CS
33、pecific value must be given in call-out.DTest Method D638, Type I tensile bar. The speed of testing shall be as described in 11.2 of this classification system.EMPa 145 = psi.FTest Method D790 with a 1-mm (0.05-in.)/min testing speed.GTest Methods D256, Test Method A.HJ/m 0.01873 = ft-lb/in.ITest Me
34、thod D648, using 1820-kPa (264-psi) stress.TABLE B Detail Requirements of Special Reinforced PPAs Using ISO MethodsNOTEAll mechanical properties are determined on dry-as-molded injection molded specimens.Property 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9Tensile strength, ISO 527 MPa minAB45 75 90 100 135 200 230 255CTens
35、ile modulus, ISO 527 GPa minDB1.5 3.5 5.5 7.5 9.5 12.0 14.0 18.0CCharpy, ISO 179-1, J/m2,minEB2.0 4.0 5.5 7.5 9.0 11.0 13.0 15.0CDeflection Temperature Under Load,ISO 75-2 method Af, C, minFB100 125 160 185 210 235 260 285CTo be determinedBAISO 527, Type IA tensile bar. The speed of testing shall be
36、 as described in 12.2 of this classification system.BUnspecified requirement.CSpecific value must be given in call-out.DISO 527, Type 1A tensile bar. The Speed of testing shall be 1 mm/min.EISO 179-1, Test specimen shall be taken from the center portion of multipurpose tensile bar.FISO 75-2, The tes
37、t specimen shall be taken from the center portion of the multipurpose tensile bar, 4 mm thick, and tested in the flatwise position.D5336 15a34.3.1 Reinforced, filled, and lubricated variations of thebasic materials are identified by a single letter from Table 1 thatindicates the filler and/or reinfo
38、rcement used and two digits toindicate the nominal quantity in percent by weight. A secondletter, fromTable 1A, when desired, is used to indicate the formor structure of the reinforcement and/or filler, but not used forfunctional mixtures. Thus, a letter designation G for glass, Efor beads or sphere
39、s or balls, and 33 for percent by weight,GE33, specifies a reinforced or filled material with 33 percentby weight in the form of glass beads, spheres or balls. Thereinforcement letter designations and associated tolerancelevels are shown in the previous table (1). Form and structureletter designatio
40、ns are shown in the following table (1A).TABLE 1 Reinforcement-FillerASymbolsBand TolerancesSymbol Material Tolerance (Based onthe Total Mass)C Carbon or graphite fiber 3 %G Glass reinforced 3 %L Lubricants (for example,PTFE, graphite)Depends upon thematerial andprocessTo bespecifiedM Mineral 3 %R C
41、ombinations ofreinforcements or fillers,or both3 % for the totalreinforcement or filler,or bothAAsh content of filled and/or reinforced materials is to be determined using eitherTest Method D5630 or ISO 3451-1 where applicable.BAdditional symbols will be added to this table as required.TABLE 1A Symb
42、ols for the Form or Structure of Fillers andReinforcing MaterialsSymbol Form or StructureC Chips, cuttingsD Fines, powdersE Beads, spheres, ballsF FiberG GroundH WhiskersK Knitted fabricL LayerM Mat (fabric, thick)N Non-woven (fabric, thin)P PaperR RovingS FlakeT CordV VeneerW Woven fabricYYarnX Not
43、 specified4.3.2 Tables A and B Detail RequirementsAn identifyingnumber is made up of the letter “A” or “B,” depending onwhether ASTM or ISO test methods are used, and five digitscomprising the cell numbers in the order in which the proper-ties appear.4.3.2.1 Although the values listed in Tables A an
44、d B arenecessary to include the range of properties available inexisting materials, this does not imply that every possiblecombination of the properties exists or can be obtained.4.3.3 An example of this classification system for a 33 %glass-reinforced polyphthalamide material, using ASTM testmethod
45、s (Table A) is as follows:PPA0121G33A56577PPA0121 = Semicrystalline, low-temperature molding grade polyphthalamidefrom Table PPA,G33 = Glass reinforced at 33 % nominal,A = Table A property requirements,5 = Inherent viscosity, min 0.85 dL/g,6 = Tensile strength, min 200 MPa,5 = Flexural modulus, min
46、6.5 GPa,7 = Izod impact, min 500 J/m,7 = Deflection temperature, min 260C, andIf no properties are specified, the designation would be PPA0121G33.5. Suffixes5.1 When additional requirements are needed for the mate-rials covered in this classification system that are not coveredin Tables PPA, A, or B
47、, then those requirements shall bedesignated through the use of suffixes.5.1.1 Alist of suffixes found in Classification System D4000(Table 3) is useful for additional requirements as appropriate.5.2 Flammability callouts were changed in 2007. Thereforecallouts written before 2007 are different from
48、 those written in2007 and later.5.2.1 If the requirements for the polyphthalamide materialin 4.3.3 also included flammability requirements, the followingexample illustrates the call-out based on ASTM D4000-04:PPA0121G33A06577FL34PPA0121G33A06577 = Same as 4.3.3F = Flammability requirementsL = UL94 r
49、ecognition required3 = UL recognition at 0.80-mm min thickness4 = UL rating 94V-05.2.2 The following example illustrates the call-out basedon ASTM D4000-07:PPA0121G33A06577FF003PPA0121G33A65770 = Same as 4.3.3F = Flammability requirementsF = Vertical burn rate by ASTM D3801 or UL 94V0 = Rating of designation V-003 = 0.80 mm minimum specimen thickness6. General Requirements6.1 Basic requirements from Tables PPAandAor B, as theyapply, are always in effect unless these requirements aresuperseded by specific suffix requirements, which always
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