ASTM D5362-2003(2012) Standard Test Method for Snagging Resistance of Fabrics (Bean Bag)《织物防钩丝性的标准试验方法(豆袋试验法)》.pdf

1、Designation: D5362 03 (Reapproved 2012)Standard Test Method forSnagging Resistance of Fabrics (Bean Bag)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5362; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last re

2、vision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method determines the snagging resistance of afabric.1.2 Studies of fabric snagging have shown that this testmethod

3、 is suitable for a range of woven and knitted fabricsmade from textured or untextured filament yarns or spun yarnsor combinations of these yarns.2,3This test method is notsuitable for (1) open construction fabrics (such as a net)because the pins in the test chamber will snag the bean bagrather than

4、the specimen, (2) heavy or stiff fabrics that cannotbe made into a cover for the bean bag, and (3) tufted ornonwoven fabrics because the apparatus is designed for wovenand knitted fabrics.1.3 The values stated in either acceptable metric units or inother units shall be regarded separately as standar

5、d. The valuesstated in each system may not be the exact equivalents;therefore, each system must be used independently of the other,without combining values in any way. In case of refereedecisions the metric units will prevail.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, i

6、f any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-tionary statements are given in Section 7.2. Referenced Documents2.1 AST

7、M Standards:4D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD1335 Test Method for Tuft Bind of Pile Yarn FloorCoveringsD1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesD2724 Test Methods for Bonded, Fused, and LaminatedApparel FabricsD3136 Terminology Relating to Care Labeling for Apparel,Textile, Home Fur

8、nishing, and Leather ProductsD3939 Test Method for Snagging Resistance of Fabrics(Mace)D4467 Practice for Interlaboratory Testing of a Textile TestMethod That Produces Non-Normally Distributed Data5D4850 Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric TestMethods2.2 AATCC Standards:665 Test Method for Sn

9、ag Resistance of Womens NylonHosiery (see Note 1)135 Test Method for Dimensional Changes in AutomaticHome Laundering of Woven and Knit FabricsNOTE 1In 1988 the AATCC voted to withdraw this test method fromtheir technical manual; however, the ASTM task group on fabric snaggingdecided it should be lis

10、ted as an alternative for testing open constructionfabrics.3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of textile terms used in this testmethod: color contrast, in textiles; distortion in fabrics; protru-sion, in fabrics; snag, in fabrics; snagging resistance, in fabrics;refer to Terminology

11、 D4850.3.1.2 For definitions of other textile terms used in this testmethod, refer to Terminology D123.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 A fabric specimen is made into a cover for a bean bag.Then the specimen and bean bag unit is tumbled for 100revolutions in a cylindrical test chamber fitted on its inne

12、rsurface with rows of pins. The degree of fabric snagging isevaluated by (1) comparison of the tested specimens with1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.59 on Fabric Test Methods,General.Current edition appr

13、oved July 1, 2012. Published August 2012. Originallyapproved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D5362 03(2008)1.DOI: 10.1520/D5362-03R12.2Stuckey, W. C., and El Shiekh, A., “Snags in Snag Testing of Knits”, in Senseand Nonsense in Knit Testing , American Association of Textile Chemis

14、ts andColorists, 1975, pp. 4553.3Cary, R. T., “Bean Bag Snag Tester: A System of Evaluation”, TextileResearch Journal, Vol 51, No. 2, 1981, pp. 6163.4For referenced ASTM standards, visist the ASTM Web Site, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStan

15、dards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM web site.5Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.6Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists(AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle P

16、ark, NC 27709, http:/www.aatcc.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.visual rating standards that may be either snagged fabrics orphotographs of snagged fabrics, or (2) using a point system.The resistance to snagging is

17、 rated on a numerical scaleranging from 5 (no or insignificant snagging) to 1 (very severesnagging).5. Significance and Use5.1 Acceptance TestingThis test method may be used foracceptance testing of commercial shipments of fabrics becausethe precision is acceptable (see 15.1).5.1.1 If there are diff

18、erences of practical significance be-tween reported test results for two laboratories (or more),comparative tests should be performed to determine if there isa statistical bias between them, using competent statisticalassistance. As a minimum, use the samples for such a com-parative test that are as

19、 homogeneous as possible, drawn fromthe same lot of material as the samples that resulted in disparateresults during initial testing and randomly assigned in equalnumber to each laboratory. The test results from the laborato-ries involved should be compared using a statistical test forunpaired data,

20、 at a probability level chosen prior to the testingseries. If bias is found, either its cause must be found andcorrected, or future test results for that material must beadjusted in consideration of the known bias.5.2 This test method may be used for quality control testingof fabrics during manufact

21、uring and product comparisons ofdifferent fabrics by manufacturers, retailers, and users. This testmethod may also be used by researchers to examine the effectof new fibers, yarns, fabric constructions, and finishes on thesnagging resistance of fabrics.5.3 This test method may be used to test the sn

22、aggingresistance of most apparel and home furnishings fabrics.However, a different test method (see 5.3.1) may be needed fordifferent types of fabrics and different end-uses (such as towels,swimwear, slacks, and upholstery).5.3.1 Some fabrics which may not be suitable for this testmethod are describ

23、ed in 1.2. Many open construction fabricscan be tested for snagging resistance using AATCC TestMethod 65. Many heavy or stiff fabrics can be tested forsnagging resistance using Test Method D3939. The snaggingresistance of many pile floor coverings can be tested by TestMethod D1335.5.4 Because fabric

24、 snagging can be affected by launderingor drycleaning, it may be advisable to test the snaggingresistance of a fabric before and after laundering or dryclean-ing.5.5 The snagging resistance of a specific fabric varies withindividual wearers and general conditions of use. Therefore, itcan be expected

25、 that garments of the same fabric will show afairly wide snagging resistance spectrum after wear and muchgreater variation in wear than in replicate fabric specimenssubjected to controlled laboratory tests. This factor should beconsidered when adopting levels of acceptability for anyspecification th

26、at includes snagging resistance.5.6 Snags observed in worn garments vary appreciably innumber and appearance. The appearance of a snag dependsparticularly on (1) the degree of color contrast between thesnag and the surrounding area of the fabric, or, (2) thepresence of long distortions or long protr

27、usions. These condi-tions are not evaluated when snagging is rated solely on thenumber of snags. See Section 3 for a description of terminol-ogy such as color contrast, distortion, and protrusion See Figs.1-3 . Because the overall acceptability of a specific fabric isdependent on both the characteri

28、stics of the snags and otherfactors affecting fabric appearance, it is recommended thatfabrics tested in the laboratory be evaluated with regard to thedefects which may be visually observed and not rated solely onthe number of snags developed. A series of visual ratingstandards (see 6.7) may be set

29、up to provide a basis for theratings. The visual rating standards are most advantageouswhen the tested laboratory specimens correlate closely inappearance with fabrics from a wear test; for example whentested laboratory specimens and fabrics from a wear test showsimilar color contrasts. In the prece

30、ding example, a series offabrics from the wear test would be a good choice for the fabricstandards described in 6.7.2.Also a point rating system may beFIG. 1 A Snagged Specimen With Many Protrusion But NoDistortionsD5362 03 (2012)2used that considers the number of the snags and the appearanceof the

31、snags. (See 13 for additional information about snags,protrusions, distortions, and color contrasts. Also, see Figs.1-3).6. Apparatus and Materials6.1 Bean Bag Snag Tester7, as shown in Fig. 4. Eachrotating cylinder (2.1 6 0.3 rad/s or 20 6 3 r/min) is fitted witha snagging basket which is a removab

32、le framework of eightbaffle bars attached at each end to plastic disks. Each baffle barhas a series of nine pins protruding from it. Each baffle bar islocked in the plastic disks so that when a baffle bar is exactlyat the bottom of the cylinder, an angle of 0.5 6 0.1 rad or 306 5 exists between the

33、pins on that baffle bar and a theoreticalhorizontal line passing through the end of the baffle bar.6.1.1 Bean Bags7, filled with shot and each weighing 450 610gor1.06 0.02 lb.Aminimum of two bean bags is required,but six bean bags are suggested for efficiency.6.2 Specimen Template, made of approxima

34、tely 2 mm or 0.1in. thick poster board, plastic or metal with dimensions of 215mm by 115 mm or 8.5 in. by 4.5 in.6.3 Sewing Machine, with a sewing needle that is appropri-ate for the fabric being tested for snagging resistance, or6.4 Sharps Hand Sewing Needle.6.5 Sewing Thread, cotton, Tex ticket 35

35、 to 50, or equivalentpolyester and cotton.6.6 Standard Calibration Fabric, having an establishedsnagging resistance rating that has been agreed upon by thepurchaser and the supplier. (No standard calibration fabric hasbeen specified by Subcommittee D13.59.)6.7 Visual Rating Standards (for Option A):

36、6.7.1 Photographic Standards, a series of photographs oftested specimens that show the degrees of snagging, such as theImperial Chemical Industries (ICI) photographs,8or6.7.2 Fabric Standards, a series of tested specimens orfabrics from a wear test that show the degrees of snagging (see5.6 and Note

37、2).NOTE 2Fabric standards should be stored and handled under condi-tions that will preserve their original form and appearance. Mount thefabric standards using white poster board, plastic or metal framing.6.8 Equipment for Fabric Evaluation for Option A, forillumination and simultaneous viewing of s

38、pecimens and visualrating standards:6.8.1 Apparatus for Fabric Evaluation:7The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis (SDLAtlas LLC, 1813AAssociated Lane, Charlotte, NC 28271). If you are awareof alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM Hea

39、dquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsibletechnical committee.8The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis (SDLAtlas LLC, 1813AAssociated Lane, Charlotte, NC 28271). If you are awareof alternative suppliers, please

40、provide this information to ASTM Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsibletechnical committee.FIG. 2 A Snag That Includes Both a Protrusion and a DistortionFIG. 3 A Snagged Specimen With Color Contrasts (Yarn Shiftedfrom Dark Area to Light AreaFIG.

41、 4 The Bean Bag Snag Tester With Two Test ChambersD5362 03 (2012)36.8.1.1 Viewing Cabinet9, (see Fig. 5) having a single coolwhite fluorescent tube with a correlated color temperature of4100 to 4500 K.6.8.1.2 Specimen Viewing Mask (White), made of approxi-mately 2 mm or 0.1 in. thick poster board, p

42、lastic or metal withouter dimensions of 100 mm by 100 mm or 4 in. by 4 in. anda center cutout of 75 mm by 75 mm or 3 in. by 3 in.6.8.1.3 Photographic Standard Viewing Mask (White),made of approximately 2 mm or 0.1 in. thick poster board,plastic or metal with outer dimensions of 130 mm by 95 mm or5.2

43、 in. by 3.8 in. and a center cutout of 75 mm by 75 mm or 3in. by 3 in. The dimensions of this mask are for photographicstandards (see 6.7.1) which have outer dimensions of 130 mmby 95 mm or 5.2 in. by 3.8 in. in size. Larger or smallerphotographic standards will need a mask with correspondingouter d

44、imensions. All photographic standard viewing masksmust have the same center cutout viewing dimensions as thespecimen viewing mask.6.8.1.4 Fabric Standard Viewing Mask (White), made ofapproximately 2 mm or 0.1 in. thick poster board, plastic ormetal and with the outer dimensions the same as the dimen

45、-sions of the fabric standard (see 6.7.2) and a center cutout of 75mm by 75 mm or 3 in. by 3 in.6.9 Equipment for Fabric Evaluation for Option B, forillumination and viewing of specimens:6.9.1 Desk Lamp, having a single cool white fluorescenttube with a correlated color temperature of 4100 to 4500 K

46、.6.9.2 Specimen Viewing Mask (White), made of approxi-mately 2 mm or 0.1 in. thick poster board, plastic or metal withouter dimensions of 100 mm by 100 mm or 4 in. by 4 in. anda center cutout of 75 mm by 75 mm or 3 in. by 3 in.6.10 Optional Equipment:6.10.1 Tumble Dryer, as described in AATCC TestMe

47、thod 135.6.10.2 Washing Machine, as described in AATCC TestMethod 135.6.10.3 Detergent, heavy duty granule, the 1993 AATCCStandard Reference Detergent as described in AATCC TestMethod 135. When agreed upon by the purchaser and thesupplier a substitute detergent that does not include fabricsoftener o

48、r bleach may be used.6.10.4 Equivalent for Drycleaning Specimens, as describedin Test Methods D2724.7. Hazards7.1 Locate the bean bag snag tester in a low-traffic areabecause of the danger from the exposed rotating cylinders.7.2 Check that both the plastic disks and the ports are secureby making sur

49、e the front disks are flush with the front rims ofthe cylinders and by hand-tightening the screws that secure theports.7.3 Wear protective gloves when examining the pins orremoving debris from the cylinders as described in 11.1.7.4 Observe the following safety precautions when operat-ing the tester: (1) do not wear loose or dangling clothing thatcan get caught in the pins or moving parts, (2) do not attemptto load or unload the chambers while the cylinders are rotating,and (3) do not injure your hands on the sharp pins when placingspecimens in the chambers.8. Sampling8.1