1、Designation: D5572 95 (Reapproved 2012)Standard Specification forAdhesives Used for Finger Joints in Nonstructural LumberProducts1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5572; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revi
2、sion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes performance levels foradhesives to be used in finger joints in nonstr
3、uctural bonded-lumber products. Such products include, but are not limited to,interior and exterior mouldings, window and door componentsor parts, and bonded-lumber panels. Adhesives that meet therequirements of the various performance classes are consideredcapable of providing an adequate bond for
4、use under theconditions described for the class. This specification is to beused to evaluate adhesives as well as the adhesive bonds in thefinger joints. See Section 5, Significance and Use, for limita-tions when using this specification to evaluate industriallymanufactured finger joints.NOTE 1This
5、specification supersedes the finger-joint portion of the1990 edition of Specification D3110.1.2 The following index is provided as a guide to the testmethods in this specification:SectionApparatus 6Equipment, Material, and Preparation of Assemblies and Specimens 7Conditioning for Factory-Manufacture
6、d Assemblies, Laboratory-MadeAssemblies, and Test Specimens8Testing in Flexure 9Testing in Tension 10Exposure Conditions and Treatments 111. Dry Use Tests: Dry, 3-cycle Soak, Elevated Temperature,and Temperature-Humidity11.12. Wet Use Tests: Dry, Boil, Elevated Temperature, andVacuum-Pressure11.2NOT
7、E 2The conditioning needed for various stages in the preparationof both types of specimens and for the exposure tests are given.NOTE 3Specific guidelines for specimen size, exposure conditions,testing, calculation, and reporting are given for flexure specimens inSections 9 and 11, and for tension sp
8、ecimens in Sections 10 and 11.1.3 For the definitions of dry use and wet use, see 3.2.1.1and 3.2.1.2.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for informa-tion only.1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to theapparat
9、us and test methods portions, Sections 6-11 of thisspecification: This standard does not purport to address all ofthe safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica
10、-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D143 Test Methods for Small Clear Specimens of TimberD907 Terminology of AdhesivesD2016 Methods of Test for Moisture Content of Wood(Withdrawn 1987)3D3110 Specification for Adhesives Used in Laminate Jointsfor
11、Nonstructural Glued Lumber Products (Withdrawn1996)3D4688 Test Method for Evaluating Structural Adhesives forFinger Jointing LumberD5266 Practice for Estimating the Percentage of WoodFailure in Adhesive Bonded JointsE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesE6 Terminology Relating to Me
12、thods of Mechanical TestingE41 Terminology Relating To ConditioningE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Many terms in this specifica
13、tion are defined in Termi-nology D907 and Terminology E41.3.1.2 bond, nthe union of materials by adhesives.3.1.3 finger joint, na joint formed by bonding two precutmembers shaped like fingers. (See Figs. 1 and 2.)1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 onAdhesives and is
14、the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.30 on WoodAdhesives.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2012. Published October 2012. Originallyapproved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D5572 95 (2005).DOI: 10.1520/D5572-95R12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.
15、astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Bar
16、r Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 nonstructural adhesive:3.2.1.1 dry use nonstructural adhesive, nan adhesivecapable of producing sufficient strength and durability to makethe bonded lumber product se
17、rviceable in nonstructural use,under conditions in which the equilibrium moisture content(EMC) of the wood does not exceed 16 %.3.2.1.2 wet use nonstructural adhesive, nan adhesivecapable of producing sufficient strength and durability to makethe bonded lumber product serviceable in nonstructural us
18、e,under conditions in which the EMC of the wood may be 16 %or greater.3.3 Abbreviations:3.3.1 EMCequilibrium moisture content.3.3.2 MCmoisture content.4. Test Requirements4.1 Adhesives:4.1.1 To comply with this specification the test adhesiveshall be tested for performance in accordance with Section
19、s8.1.1-11, and it shall meet the requirements in Table 1 for theselected testing mode and performance classification.4.1.2 Compliance with this specification shall warrant cer-tification of the adhesive for use on the species of wood that isused for the tests, or for use on a designated group of spe
20、cieswhen tested and found to be in compliance for any one memberof said group of species. The designated species groupings forcommonly used domestic and imported woods, as accepted inthis specification, are given in Table 2. In the event that the useror supplier of the adhesive, or both, cannot acce
21、pt the desig-nated groupings in Table 2, either party shall have the option ofrequesting a test on an individual species. Furthermore, theuser and supplier may agree to change any of the wood-failurerequirements of Table 1 when applied to tests on Groups 3 and4 hardwoods from Table 2. For wood-prope
22、rty information onimported woods, see the Wood Handbook.44.1.2.1 The wood-failure requirements listed in Table 1 aregiven for softwoods and hardwoods. Table 1 shows that thewood-failure requirements for hardwood are 50 % of therequirements for softwoods.4.2 Industrially Manufactured Finger JointAn i
23、ndustri-ally manufactured finger joint may be used to evaluate theadhesive, provided its construction meets the requirements setforth in Sections 7-10, and the joint is tested against therequirements in Table 1.5. Significance and Use5.1 Adhesives are classified as dry use or wet use. Eachclassifica
24、tion includes consideration of short-term in-transitexposure conditions at elevated temperatures up to 220F(104C).5.2 The initial development of Specification D3110 wasbased on finger-joint assemblies made under controlled labo-ratory conditions. In the development of this revised specifi-cation the
25、 results obtained with laboratory-made specimens(see 12.1.2) were compared to those obtained with industriallymanufactured specimens (see 12.1.1). These finger joints wereprepared using previously certified adhesives in cooperationwith a manufacturer or equipment supplier who had thenecessary finger
26、-joint cutter and assembly equipment. Thesefinger joints may vary in geometry and length from manufac-turer to manufacturer, and this variation could affect theperformance of the bonded-finger-joint assembly.5(See 12.1,12.4, and 12.5.) Fig. 3 depicts a sample finger-joint configu-ration.5.2.1 When c
27、hanges are made in the design of the industri-ally manufactured finger joint, the new design should becompared to a control design that has been used successfully.5.3 An industrially manufactured finger joint should beevaluated using the requirements for compliance with thisspecification, in accorda
28、nce with 4.1.When this specification isused to evaluate specimens made from field-manufacturedassemblies, the results may not compare favorably with thoserun on specimens made from laboratory-made assemblies.5.4 Test requirements are provided to determine if theadhesive is suitable for dry use or we
29、t use.5.5 The dry test and exposure conditions and treatments areto evaluate adhesives used in nonstructural finger joints fortypical service conditions.5.5.1 The 220F (104C) test, a more severe test, is de-signed to evaluate the product after exposure to short-termelevated-temperature conditions. T
30、his test is intended to simu-late conditions that might be experienced in transit, furtherprocessing, or in-service conditions.NOTE 4These typical service conditions could include stress and timeunder stress, as well as elevated temperature.5.6 Procedures are described in sufficient detail to permit
31、duplication in different testing laboratories.5.6.1 Record any deviations in these procedures on thereport forms, Appendix X1, as it may have an impact on the4U.S. Department ofAgriculture Forest Service;Agricultural Handbook, No. 72,Wood Handbook, Tables 3 and 4, 1987 edition, pp. 311.5Selbo, M. L.
32、, “Effects of Joint Geometry on Tensile Strength of Finger Joints,”Forest Products Journal, Vol 13, No. 9, September 1963, pp. 390400.FIG. 1 Horizontal JointFIG. 2 Vertical JointD5572 95 (2012)2results obtained. Test data are only valid for the length anddesign used. (See 12.4.)5.7 To avoid potentia
33、l problems that would be caused byinterrupting the bonding process, the adhesive-performancelevel should be determined by the finger-joint manufacturerprior to handling and early shipment. Before beginning the fulltesting process, the testing laboratory should pull a represen-tative sample and check
34、 the dry strength first, in order to ensurethat the product basically conforms with the performance levelcertified by the adhesive manufacturer.TEST METHODS6. ApparatusNOTE 5The finger-joint specimens to be broken in tension are shorterthan those to be broken in flexure. Accommodation must be made i
35、n theequipment for handling the larger flexure specimen.6.1 Environmental Chamber (For Moist-Heat Aging), ca-pable of conditioning specimens at 80 6 5F (27 6 3C) and80 6 5 % relative humidity and capacity for at least 20specimens well-spaced and supported on racks to allow free airflow.6.2 Oven(s),
36、with sufficient air circulation to remove mois-ture from the chamber, and capable of meeting all the follow-ing temperature requirements: 105 6 5F (41 6 3C) (see11.1.2); 220 and 230 6 5F (104 and 110 6 3C) (see 11.1.3and 11.2.3); 150 6 2F (65 6 1C) (see 11.1.4); and 145 6 5F(63 6 3C) (see 11.2.2).6.
37、3 Tank for Soaking, capacity to meet the requirements of11.1.2, so that all of the specimens are at least 2 in. (50.8 mm)below the water level for the duration of the soak cycles.6.4 Tank for Boiling, capacity to meet the requirements of11.2.2, so that all of the specimens are at least 2 in. (50.8 m
38、m)below the water level for the duration of the boil cycles.6.5 Testing Machine for the Flexure Specimen, capacity ofnot less than 2200 lbf (1000 kgf) in compression, equipped forone-third span, two-point loading as described in 9.5 andshown in Fig. 4, capable of maintaining a uniform rate ofloading
39、 such that the load may be applied with a continuousmotion of the movable head to maximum at a rate of 0.5 in.(11.7 mm)/min with a permissible variation of 610 %, andlocated in an atmosphere such that the moisture content of thespecimens developed under the conditions prescribed in Sec-tion 11 is no
40、t noticeably altered during testing.6.6 Testing Machine for the Tension Specimen, capable ofapplying a calibrated tensile force, equipped with grips ofsufficient length to hold the specimen firmly, preferably aminimum length of 2.5 in. (63.5 mm) by a width of 0.75 in. (19mm), and capacity of both te
41、st machine and grips of not lessthan 2200 lbf (1000 kgf).NOTE 6Depending on the design and adaptability, the same machinewith a 2200-lbf (1000-kgf) capacity, described in 6.5 for the flexuretesting, can be used for the tension test described in 6.6. (See Practices E4and Terminology E6.)TABLE 1 Minim
42、um Test RequirementsPerformance Classification andExposure ConditionsASubsectionNumber forExposureDescriptionTesting Mode TensionBTesting ModeFlexureStrength, psi(MPa)CWood FailureDModulus ofRuptureCGroup AverageEIndividual MinimumFMinimum psi(MPa)G%Soft Hard Soft HardWood WoodHWood WoodHDry Use:Cur
43、ed (dry) 11.1.1 2000 (13.8) 60 30 30 15 2000 (13.8)Three-cycle soak 11.1.2 1000 (6.9) 30 15 15I1000 (6.9)Elevated Temperature (220F)(104C)11.1.3 1000 (6.9)II I ITemperature-Humidity (140F(60C), 16 % EMC)11.1.4 750 (5.2)IWet Use:Cured (dry) 11.2.1 2000 (13.8) 60 30 30 15 2000 (13.8)Boil 11.2.2 1600 (
44、11.0) 50 25 25I1400 (9.7)Elevated Temperature (220F)(104C)11.2.3 1000 (6.9)II I IVacuum Pressure 11.2.4 1600 (11.0) 50 25 25I1400 (9.7)ATwenty specimens required for each classification and exposure.BParallel to the grain.CTension and flexure results may vary with the species. Any acceptable wood sh
45、ould produce joints able to meet these requirements.DThe wood-failure requirements are given for softwoods and hardwoods. Groups 3 and 4 hardwoods are listed at 50 % of the softwood value, with no wood-failurerequirement if the calculation is 15 % or less. (See 4.1.2.)EFor total group of specimens t
46、ested.FFor 90 % of the specimens tested, they shall meet or exceed these minimum wood-failure values shown. If a zero value is obtained for any of the specimens (thespecimen must meet the strength requirement).GFor any individual specimen.HSee recommended minimum specific gravity in Table 2.INo requ
47、irement.D5572 95 (2012)36.7 Vacuum-Pressure Vessel, capable of meeting the require-ments of 11.2.4, and capacity to meet the requirement that allof the specimens are at least 2 in. (50.8 mm) below the waterlevel for the duration of the complete vacuum-pressure cycles.7. Preparation of Finger Joint7.
48、1 EquipmentPrepare the finger-joint assemblies in co-operation with a wood-products manufacturer, an equipmentmanufacturer, or a laboratory having all of the proper equip-ment.7.2 Preparation of Assemblies:7.2.1 MaterialUse lumber that conforms to the require-ments: maximum slope of grain of 1 in 14
49、 on any face or edge;TABLE 2 Bondability Groupings of Commonly Used Domesticand Imported WoodAU.S. Hardwoods U.S. Softwoods Imported WoodsGroup 1Bond EasilyBAlder Cedar, incense Balsa HuraAspen Fir: Cativo PurpleheartBasswood White Courbaril RobleCottonwood Grand DetermaCChestnut,AmericanNobleMagnolia PacificWillow, black Pine:Eastern whiteWestern whiteRedcedar, westernRedwoodSpruce, SitkaGroup 2Bond WellDButternut Douglas-fir Afrormosia Meranti (lauan):Elm: Larch, westernEAndiroba WhiteAmerican Pine: Angelique Light redRock Sugar Avod
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