1、Designation: D5779 081Standard Test Method forField Determination of Apparent Specific Gravity of Rockand Manmade Materials for Erosion Control1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5779; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in th
2、e case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEAdded research report information to Section 12 editorially in September 2010.1. Scope*1.1 Th
3、is test method covers the determination of the specificgravity of rock or man-made materials for erosion control.1.2 This is a field test method to measure apparent specificgravity. For laboratory determination of bulk specific gravitysee Test Method D6473.1.3 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are
4、to be regardedas the standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are givenfor information only.1.4 All observed and calculated values shall conform to theguidelines for significant digits and rounding established inPractice D6026.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety conce
5、rns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C670 Practice for Preparing Precision an
6、d Bias Statementsfor Test Methods for Construction MaterialsD653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and ContainedFluidsD3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock asUsed in Engineering Design and ConstructionD4753 Guide for Evaluating, S
7、electing, and SpecifyingBalances and Standard Masses for Use in Soil, Rock, andConstruction Materials TestingD4992 Practice for Evaluation of Rock to be Used forErosion ControlD6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in GeotechnicalDataD6473 Test Method For Specific GravityAndAbsorption ofRock Fo
8、r Erosion Control3. Terminology3.1 Definitions: For definitions specific to this standard referto Terminology D653.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 field apparent specific gravitythe ratio of the massin air of a unit volume of impermeable rock or man-madematerial, to the mass
9、 of an equal volume of water. This issimilar to the definition of apparent specific gravity in Termi-nology D653 except that non-distilled water is used for the testand the test can be run under a variety of temperatures.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 A specimen (block, chunk, slab, or piece) of rock
10、ormanmade material is weighed in air and then weighed againwhile immersed in water. Using the masses, the field specificgravity is calculated. The determined specific gravity can thenbe used to determine a mass per unit volume.5. Significance and Use5.1 Specific gravity is one factor used to determi
11、ne therequired mass of individual particles used as gabion-fill, riprap,armor stone, breakwater stone, or other types of rock productsused for erosion control applications, and acceptibility of thesematerials for their intended use.NOTE 1The agency performing this test method can be evaluated inacco
12、rdance with Practice D3740. Not withstanding statements on preci-sion and bias contained in this test method: The precision of this test1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.17 on Rock for ErosionControl.
13、Current edition approved April 1, 2008. Published April 2008. Originallyapproved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D5779 95a (2001).DOI: 10.1520/D5779-08.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Ann
14、ual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.method is
15、 dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it andthe suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet thecriteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competentand objective testing. Users of this test method are cautioned thatcompliance with D3740
16、does not in itself ensure reliable testing. Reliabletesting depends on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means ofevaluating some of those factors.6. Apparatus6.1 BalanceA balance or scale conforming to the require-ments of Specification D4753 readable (with no estimation) to1 % or better of th
17、e mass of the test specimen and which hasprovisions for attaching to a specimen container. For massesover 50 kg a load-cell, spring scale, or some other deviceaccurate to within 1 % of the mass may be used.6.2 Specimen ContainerA wire basket or sling or pan tobe attached to the scale and capable of
18、holding the specimenand suspending it in water.6.3 Water bathA vessel filled with a volume of waterlarge enough to submerge the specimen container withouttouching any of the vessels sides.6.4 An example apparatus is shown in Fig. 1.7. Sampling7.1 A source of rock to be sampled shall be guided byPrac
19、tice D4992. A source that is macroscopically uniform incolor, texture, mineralogy, or some other visual property shallbe represented by a sample consisting of a minimum of fivespecimens of rock. A macroscopically nonuniform source shallbe represented by a minimum of eight samples of rock.7.2 Rock ty
20、pes that comprise less than 5 % of the totalsource, as determined from their macroscopic properties, maybe ignored, unless their presence will greatly affect the testresults and subsequent proposed use of the rock.7.3 Sample the rock or man-made material types in theirapproximate proportion to the t
21、ypes that occur at the source.8. Specimens8.1 Specimens shall be clean and without any soil particlesor other materials adhering to them that will affect the testresults. Washing of the specimens followed by air drying maybe necessary.8.2 Air dry specimens until all surfaces are visually dry.8.3 Eac
22、h specimen shall be a minimum of 2.3 kg (5 lb) inmass. The maximum mass shall be limited only by the size ofthe scale and water-filled tank. Small pieces of rock shall becombined to produce a specimen having a minimum of 2.3-kgmass for weighing.NOTE 2Evaluation of the properties of rock is best perf
23、ormed bytesting the largest possible specimens.9. Procedure9.1 Perform the test in the field at any temperature above thefreezing temperature of water.9.2 Determine the air-dry mass of each specimen and recordits mass to the nearest 1 %.9.3 Determine the tare value of the specimen containerwhile the
24、 container is immersed in water without the specimen.9.4 Place each specimen in the specimen container andimmerse it completely in water.9.5 Determine the mass of each specimen while immersedin water and record the mass to the nearest 1 %. The specimencontainer shall be immersed to the same level (d
25、epth) as whenFIG. 1 Example ApparatusD5779 0812determining the tare value to reduce error caused by the massof the equipment above and below the water level.NOTE 3Specific gravities of large specimens can be made usingpower equipment, slings, and load cells or some other means of deter-mining its ma
26、ss.10. Calculation10.1 Apparent Specific GravityCalculate the air-dried ap-parent specific gravity for each specimen of rock as follows:apparent specific gravity 5mass in airmass in air 2 mass in water(1)NOTE 4For those circumstances requiring results reportable to 0.01specific gravity unit, a labor
27、atory determination using Test MethodsD6473 may be used.10.2 Average Apparent Specific GravityCalculate the av-erage air-dried apparent specific gravity of the rock source,sample, or both, as follows:average apparent specific gravity 5summation of specific gravitiesnumber of samples tested(2)NOTE 5T
28、he average specific gravity may be calculated for a specimenof combined small pieces. The specific gravity of individual pieces shallnot be required.11. Report: Records11.1 Record the following information:11.1.1 Source of the samples, its location, the date sampledand tested, and the geological for
29、mation if known,11.1.2 Description and type of materials,11.1.3 Name of the individuals performing the test,11.1.4 Apparent specific gravities of all specimens to thenearest 0.1 specific gravity unit,11.1.5 Average apparent specific gravity for the source tothe nearest 0.1 specific gravity unit,11.1
30、.6 The range in test values if multiple tests are made onthe same specimens or samples,11.1.7 Type of equipment used to perform the test, that is,balance with basket in tank, crane with sling and load cell, andso forth, and11.1.8 Photograph of specimens and equipment used intesting. This is optional
31、.12. Precision and Bias312.1 PrecisionThe following estimates of precision arebased on the results of testing conducted by six laboratories onfive different kinds of dolomite and limestone.12.1.1 Single-Operator PrecisionThe single-operatorstandard deviation of a single test result has been found to
32、 be0.008.4Therefore, results of two properly conducted tests bythe same operator should not differ by more than 0.02.412.1.2 Multilaboratory PrecisionThe multilaboratorystandard deviation of a single test result has been found to be0.027.4Therefore, results of two properly conducted tests indifferen
33、t laboratories on the same material should not differ bymore than 0.08.412.2 BiasThere is no accepted reference value for this testmethod; therefore, bias cannot be determined.13. Keywords13.1 riprap; rock; rock material properties; specific gravitySUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee D18 has identified the
34、location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(D5779 95a (2001) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved April 1, 2008.)(1) Replaced C97 with D6473 which was written for rockrather than coarse aggregates.(2) Added reference to D6026 and D3740.(3) Replaced “weight” with
35、 “mass” in 3.2.1 and 4.1.(4) Note 2 was removed and added as a requirement in Section9.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of
36、the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Y
37、our comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your commen
38、ts have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or mu
39、ltiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).3Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D18-1006.4These numbers represent, respectively, the (ls) and (d2s) limits as described inPractice C670.D5779 0813
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