ASTM D5833-2012 5000 Standard Guide for Source Reduction Reuse Recycling or Disposal of Steel Cans《钢罐的再利用、再循环和处理的标准指南》.pdf

1、Designation: D 5833 12Standard Guide forSource Reduction Reuse, Recycling, or Disposal of SteelCans1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5833; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisi

2、on. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide provides general information to public offi-cials and business and industry managers regarding the sourcereduction, re

3、use, recycling, or disposal of steel cans under5-gal (wet) or 40-lb (dry) capacity. It presents a comprehensiveoverview of the steel can life cycle. Fivegallon pails and largercontainers, up to 55-gal drums, will be in a separate guide dueto their inherently different use and management when empty.1

4、.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Do

5、cuments2.1 ASTM Standards:2A623 Specification for Tin Mill Products, General Require-mentsD5488 Terminology of Environmental Labeling of Packag-ing Materials and Packages3E701 Test Methods for Municipal Ferrous ScrapE702 Specification for Municipal Ferrous ScrapE1134 Specification for Source-Separat

6、ed Steel Cans (Dis-continued 2001)33. Summary of Guide3.1 Steel can container applications are described, includingfood, beverage, and general purpose. The processes for steel-making, steel sheet production, and steel can manufacturing arediscussed. The methods of source reduction, reuse, recycling,

7、or disposal of steel cans are explained.4. Significance and Use4.1 This guide will familiarize public officials and businessand industry managers with source reduction, reuse, recycling,or disposal of steel cans.5. Typical Steel Can Container Applications5.1 Food CansMore than 90 % of metal food con

8、tainers,also known as sanitary cans, are made of steel (1).4While theyhave been commonly called “tin” cans, the tin coating on steelsheet has become extremely thin as technology advanced. Ithas been supplemented or replaced by other alternative coat-ings and treatments so that about one third of all

9、 steel cans arenow made with tin-free steel (2). Steel food cans contain manytypes of food products, such as meat, fruit, vegetables, soup,infant formula, and pet food. (See Fig. 1.)5.1.1 Single-Serving or Home-Use ContainerSteel foodcans vary in size and style, in accordance with product andconsume

10、r requirements. Can size may range from a few ouncesto the typical one-pound net weight container used in the home.They are normally opened with an ordinary manual or electriccan opener, but some have aluminum or steel easy-open lids forgreater convenience to the consumer.5.1.2 Multi-Serving or Comm

11、ercial/InstitutionalContainerSteel food cans are widely used in business andinstitutional food service facilities and food manufacturingplants. This includes 1-gal (#10) cans and oblong cans, such asfor olive oil.5.2 Beverage CansSteel cans are widely used for juicesand other non-carbonated beverage

12、 applications. They mayalso be used for beer or soft drinks. (See Fig. 1)5.2.1 Single-Serving ContainerSteel beverage cans varyin size and style. The 6-oz juice can, commonly used for schoollunches, has a foil peel-off closure on the lid, although somenow have an all-steel stay-on tab.1This guide is

13、 under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D10 on Packaging andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.19 on Sustainability however, some have oblong or otherspecialty configurations.7.3 About one fifth of all steel cans are two-piece cans madewith either the draw-redraw (DRD) or the drawn an

14、d ironed(D however, general specificationsare provided in Annex A1.55Additional information may be obtained from the Steel Recycling Institute andthe Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries, Inc.D583312411. Considerations for Recycling Empty ContainersWhich Held Hazardous or Acute HazardousMaterials

15、11.1 Definitions and characteristics of hazardous and acutehazardous wastes are provided in the Code of Federal Regu-lations, Title 40. Regulatory requirements for empty containersthat held hazardous materials (ignitable, corrosive, reactive, ortoxic) vary from state to state but largely follow Para

16、graph261.7, 40 CFR (12). These containers are recyclable whenempty.11.2 Containers which held materials listed by the EPA asacute hazardous waste require more stringent management (forexample, triple rinsing); however, once the prescribed stepshave been accomplished, the scrap steel may be recovered

17、 andrecycled.612. Keywords12.1 basic oxygen furnace; electric arc furnace; ferrousscrap; foundry; magnetic separation; municipal solid waste;recycle; recycled; recycled content; steel; steel cansANNEX(Mandatory Information)A1. STEEL CAN SCRAP SPECIFICATIONSA1.1 Each steel company and foundry has its

18、 own speci-fications for acceptable tin-coated and tin-free steel can scrap.The following are general specifications for the forms normallypurchased. In each category, the steel can scrap may includeincidental aluminum lids, but generally excludes other nonfer-rous metals and nonmetallics, such as w

19、ater, plastic, wood,debris, and so forth.A1.1.1 Steel can scrap compressed to charging box size andweighing not less than 75 lb/ft3. Cans may be baled withoutremoval of paper labels, but free of other non-metallics. Mayinclude up to 5-gal tin-coated containers.A1.1.2 Densified (biscuit) can scrap (1

20、2 to1ft3in size) forsteel companies and foundries, with a density of 50 to 60 lb/ft3may be shipped loose in an open top container.A1.1.3 Baled can scrap for foundries and ferroalloy produc-ers or detinners and other broker/processors may be of varieddimensions. Density should be nominally 30 lb/ft3w

21、ith higherdensity subject to negotiation. Wire or other steel banding isacceptable.A1.1.4 Loose cans (whole or flattened) are acceptable,subject to negotiation.A1.1.5 Shredded cans (loose or baled) are acceptable, sub-ject to negotiation.NOTE A1.1For general reference, see Specifications E702 and E1

22、134and Test Methods E701.REFERENCES(1) The Can: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow, Can Manufacturers Insti-tute, Washington, DC.(2) Steel Cans: No. 1 in Packaging Quality, Integrity; Where They Stand,Where Theyre Headed, American Iron and Steel Institute, Committeeof Tin Mill Products Producers, Washing

23、ton, DC, 1992.(3) Annual Statistical Report, American Iron and Steel Institute, Washing-ton, DC, 1993.(4) Steelmaking Flowlines,American Iron and Steel Institute, Washington,DC, 1992.(5) The Making, Shaping and Treating of Steel, Association of Iron andSteel Engineers, Herbick or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).D5833126