1、Designation: D5948 05 (Reapproved 2012)Standard Specification forMolding Compounds, Thermosetting1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5948; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.
2、 A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers the basic properties of
3、thermo-set molding compounds and the test methods used to establishthe properties.1.2 ClassificationMolding thermosetting plastic com-pounds shall be of the following resins and are covered by theindividual specification sheets (see 5.1 and Annex A1-AnnexA8).ResinPhenolic, cellulose filledPhenolic,
4、mineral/glass filledMelaminePolyesterDiallyl iso-phthalateDiallyl ortho-phthalateSiliconeEpoxyNOTE 1There is no equivalent ISO standard.1.3 Order of PrecedenceIn the event of a conflict betweenthe text of this specification and the references cited in Section2 (except for related specification sheet
5、s), the text of thisspecification takes precedence. Nothing in this specification,however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless aspecific exemption has been obtained.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be consideredstandard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D149 Test Metho
6、d for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage andDielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materialsat Commercial Power FrequenciesD150 Test Methods for AC Loss Characteristics and Permit-tivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical InsulationD229 Test Methods for Rigid Sheet and Plate MaterialsUs
7、ed for Electrical InsulationD256 Test Methods for Determining the Izod PendulumImpact Resistance of PlasticsD495 Test Method for High-Voltage, Low-Current, Dry ArcResistance of Solid Electrical InsulationD570 Test Method for Water Absorption of PlasticsD618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Tes
8、tingD638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD648 Test Method for Deflection Temperature of PlasticsUnder Flexural Load in the Edgewise PositionD695 Test Method for Compressive Properties of RigidPlasticsD790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and E
9、lectrical Insulating Materi-alsD796 Practice for Compression Molding Test Specimens ofPhenolic Molding Compounds (Withdrawn 1992)3D883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1896 Practice for Transfer Molding Test Specimens ofThermosetting CompoundsD3419 Practice for In-Line Screw-Injection Molding TestSp
10、ecimens From Thermosetting CompoundsD3636 Practice for Sampling and Judging Quality of SolidElectrical Insulating MaterialsD3638 Test Method for Comparative Tracking Index ofElectrical Insulating MaterialsD4350 Test Method for Corrosivity Index of Plastics andFillersD4697 Guide for Maintaining Test
11、Methods in the UsersLaboratory (Withdrawn 2009)3E994 Guide for Calibration and Testing Laboratory Accredi-tation Systems General Requirements for Operation andRecognition (Withdrawn 2003)3E1224 Guide for Categorizing Fields of Capability for Labo-ratory Accreditation Purposes (Withdrawn 2002)31This
12、specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.16 on ThermosettingMaterials.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2012. Published November 2012. Originallyapproved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D5948 - 051
13、. DOI:10.1520/D5948-05R12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this
14、historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12.2 Underwriters Laboratory Standard:4UL 94 Tests for Flammability of Pl
15、astic Materials for Partsin Devices and Appliances2.3 Other Standard:DDC AD 297457 Procedure for Determining Toxicity ofSynthetic Compounds53. Terminology3.1 For definitions of technical terms pertaining to plasticsused in this specification, refer to Terminology D883.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specif
16、ic to This Standard:3.2.1 batcha homogeneous unit of finished molding com-pound manufactured at one time.3.2.2 heat resistancethe elevated temperature at which aparticular material retains a minimum of 50 % of its originalflexural strength measured at 23C.4. Significance and Use4.1 This specificatio
17、n is a revision of STD MIL-M-14H,Specification for Molding Compound, Thermosetting, retain-ing the MIL-M-14H material designations and property re-quirements while conforming to ASTM form and style. It isintended for qualification and batch acceptance for materialsused by government and industry, an
18、d is intended as a directreplacement for MIL-M-14H.5. Requirements5.1 Specification SheetsThe individual item requirementsshall be as specified herein and in accordance with theapplicable specification sheet (see Annex A1-Annex A8). Inthe event of any conflict between the requirements of thisspecifi
19、cation and the material specification, the latter shallgovern.5.2 QualificationMolding compounds furnished underthis specification shall be products which conform to theapplicable material specification and quality assurance provi-sions in this specification.5.3 Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) The
20、 user shall beprovided with a material safety data sheet.5.4 UniformityAll molding compound of the same brandfrom one manufacturer shall be uniform in texture, in color,and in the specified properties as determined by the batch-acceptance inspection specified in 8.3.5.5 Property ValuesStandard speci
21、mens of the compoundsshall conform to the property values shown in the individualspecification sheets for qualification (see 8.2) and batch accep-tance (see 8.3).6. Conditioning6.1 Standard test specimens shall be conditioned beforetesting, as specified in Tables 1-4.6.1.1 NomenclatureThe following
22、letters shall be used toindicate the respective general conditioning procedures:6.1.1.1 Condition AAs received; no special conditioning.6.1.1.2 Condition CHumidity conditioning in accordancewith Practice D618.6.1.1.3 Condition DImmersion conditioning in distilledwater in accordance with Practice D61
23、8.6.1.1.4 Condition ETemperature conditioning in accor-dance with Practice D618; Condition Desiccationcooling oversilica gel or calcium chloride in a desiccator at 23C for 16 to20 h after temperature conditioning in accordance with PracticeD618.6.2 DesignationConditioning procedures shall be desig-n
24、ated as follows:4Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Corporate Progress, 333Pfingsten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062.5Available from National Technical Information Service (NTIS), U.S. Depart-ment of Commerce, 5285 Port Royal Rd., Springfield, VA 22161.TABLE 1 Sampling and Conditioning for Mec
25、hanical/Physical Qualification TestsNOTE 1A50 % retention of initial flexural strength is required.NOTE 2The side of a test specimen is that area formed by the chase of the mold.NOTE 3The face of the test specimen is that area formed by the top or bottom force plug.NOTE 4When specified.Property to B
26、e Tested-Mechanical/PhysicalASTM TestMethodModifiedbySpecimens, Form, andDimensionNumberTestedConditioning Procedure(see Section 6)Unit of ValueCompressive strength, end-wiseD695 . 25.4 by 12.7 by 12.7 mm 5 E-48/50 + C-96/23/50 MPa (minimum average)Dimensional stability . 7.2.1 127 bar, 12.7 by 12.7
27、 mm 5 C-96/23/50 Percent (maximum average)Flexural strength D790 7.2.2 127 bar, 6.4 by 12.7 mm 5 E-48/50 + C-96/23/50 MPa (minimum average)Heat deflection temperature D648 7.2.3 127 bar, 12.7 by 12.7 mm 3 A Degrees Celsius (minimumaverage)Heat resistance (1) D790 7.2.4 127 bar, 6.4 by 12.7 mm 5 E-1/
28、at designated tempera-ture test. Test at tempera-tureDegrees Celsius (minimumaverage) at temperatureImpact strengthSide (2) D256 . As per Test Method D256 5 E-48/50 + C96/23/50 J/m notch (minimum average)Face (3), (4) D256 . As per Test Method D256 5 E-48/50 + C96/23/50 J/m notch (minimum average)Te
29、nsile strength D638 . As per Test Method D638 5 E-48/50 + C-96/23/50 MPa (minimum average)Water absorption D570 7.2.5 51-mm disk, 3.2 mm thick 3 E-24/100 + des + D-48/50 Percent (maximum average)D5948 05 (2012)26.2.1 A capital letter indicating the general condition of thespecimen; that is, as-recei
30、ved, humidity, immersion, or tem-perature conditioning.6.2.2 A number indicating the duration of the conditioningin hours.6.2.3 A number indicating the conditioning temperature indegrees Celsius.6.2.4 A number indicating relative humidity, whenever rela-tive humidity is controlled.6.3 The numbers sh
31、all be separated from each other by slantmarks and from the capital letter by a dash. A sequence ofconditions shall be denoted by use of a plus sign ( + ) betweensuccessive conditions.Examples:Condition C-96/23/50: Humidity condition, 96 h at 23 1.1C and 50 2 % relative humidity.Condition D-48/50: I
32、mmersion condition, 48 h at 50 1C.Condition E-48/50: Temperature condition, 48 h at 50 3C.Condition E-48/50 +C-96/23/50: Temperature condition, 48 h at 50 3C followed by+ C-96/23/50 humidity condition, 96 h at 23 1.1C and 50 2 % relative humidity.7. Test Procedure7.1 Standard Test Specimens:7.1.1 Nu
33、mberThe minimum number of standard testspecimens to be tested is specified in Tables 1-4.7.1.2 FormThe form of the standard test specimens shallbe as specified in the referenced ASTM test method or otherapplicable test method.TABLE 2 Sampling and Conditioning for Electrical Qualification TestsProper
34、ty to Be Tested-Mechanical/PhysicalASTM TestMethodModifiedbySpecimens, Form, andDimensionNumberTestedConditioning Procedure(see Section 6)Unit of ValueArc resistance D495 . 102-mm disk, 3.17 mm thick 3 A seconds (minimum average)Dielectric breakdown:Short-time test D149 7.2.6 102-mm disk, 12.7 mm th
35、ick 1 E-48/50 + C-96/23/50 kilovolt (minimum average)Step-by-step test 3 E-48/50 + C-96/23/50Short-time test 1 E-48/50 + D-48/50Step-by-step test 3 E-48/50 + D-48/50Dielectric constant:At 1 kHz D150 . 51-mm disk, 3.2 mm thick 3 E-48/50 + des maximum average3 E-48/50 + D-24/23At 1 MHz 51-mm disk, 3.2
36、 mm thick 3 E-48/50 + des3 E-48/50 + D-24/23Dielectric strength:Short-time test D149 7.2.6 102-mm disk, 3.2 mm thick 3 E-48/50 + C-96/23/50 kV/mm (minimumStep-by-step test 5 E-48/50 + C-96/23/50 average)Short-time test 3 E-48/50 + D-48/50Step-by-step test 5 E-48/50 + D-48/50Dissipation factor:At 1 k
37、Hz D150 . 51-mm disk, 3.2 mm thick 3 E-48/50 + des maximum average3 E-48/50 + D-24/23At 1 MHz 51-mm disk, 3.2 mm thick 3 E-48/50 + des3 E-48/50 + D-24/23Surface resistance . 7.2.7 102-mm disk, 3.2 mm thick 5 C-720/70/100 + dew megaohms (minimum individual)Comparative track index D3638 7.2.8 51-mm di
38、sk, 3.2 mm thick 5 A voltsVolume resistance . 7.2.7 102-mm disk, 3.2 mm thick 5 C-720/70/100 + dew megaohms (minimum individual)Water extract conductance D4350 . . . E-144/71 siemens per centimetreTABLE 3 Sampling and Conditioning for Combustion Qualification TestsProperty to Be Tested-Mechanical/Ph
39、ysicalASTM TestMethodModifiedbySpecimens, Form,and DimensionNumberTestedConditioningProcedure(see Section 6)Unit of ValueFlame resistance ignition time D229 7.2.9 127-mm bar, 12.7 by12.7 mm5 A seconds (minimum average)Burning time seconds (maximum average)Flammability UL 94 7.2.10 127-mm bar, 12.7-m
40、mthickness5 A rating/thickness (1.6, 3.2, or6.4 mm)Toxicity when heated:Carbon dioxideCarbon monoxideAmmoniaAldehydes as HCHOCyanide and HCN 7.2.11 127-mm bar, 12.7 by12.7 mm4 A parts per million (maximumaverage)Oxide of nitrogen as NO2Hydrogen chlorideD5948 05 (2012)37.1.3 Molding of Test Specimens
41、Mold test specimens bymethods that could include post-cure. No special treatmentshall be used to improve the properties of the specimens whencompared with parts molded in commercial productions. (Prac-tices D796, D1896, and D3419 represent the best moldingpractices for thermosets.)7.1.4 ToleranceTes
42、t specimens shall conform to the di-mensional tolerances of the appropriate test method, as listed inTables 1-4. When not otherwise stated, tolerance on dimen-sions shall be 65%.7.2 Methods of TestUnless otherwise specified, take alltest measurements at the standard laboratory atmosphere of 236 1.1C
43、 and 50 6 2 % relative humidity. The test methodsshall be conducted in accordance with the applicable ASTMtest method, except where modified (see 7.2.1-7.2.12).7.2.1 Dimensional StabilityMold or machine the speci-mens so the 12.7 by 12.7-mm ends are smooth and parallel.Subject the specimens to the c
44、ondition C-96/23/50 (see 6.2).Then measure the initial length of the specimens to the nearest0.01 mm. Subject the specimens to 10 cycles, each cycle asfollows: 48 h in a circulating air oven at 125 6 5C plus 24 hat 23 6 1.1C and 50 6 2 % relative humidity. At thecompletion of 10 cycles, measure the
45、final length of thespecimens to the nearest 0.01 mm. The percentage dimensionalchange is calculated to the nearest 0.1 % as follows:Dimensional change, % (1)5initial length 2 final length!initial length3100The average percent dimensional change of the five speci-mens shall be recorded.7.2.2 Flexural
46、 StrengthUse Test Method D790 to deter-mine flexural strength. The span-depth ratio shall be 16:1, andthe dimensions of the test bar shall be 127 by 12.7 by 6.4 mm.7.2.3 Heat-Deflection TemperatureUse Test Method D648to determine heat-deflection temperature. The specimens shallbe placed directly in
47、the oil bath and not in air. The stress loadshall be 1.82 MPa.7.2.4 Heat ResistanceCondition the specimen for1hatthe designated temperature. After conditioning, the flexuralstrength (see 7.2.2) shall be tested at the same temperature inaccordance with Test Method D790. When measured at theelevated t
48、est temperature, the molding compound shall meetthe heat resistance requirement of retaining 50 % of theflexural strength value as determined at 23C. The average offive determinations divided by the average flexural strength asdetermined at 23C shall be multiplied by 100 and recorded aspercent flexu
49、ral strength retained at the specified conditioningand testing temperature. For example:7.2.4.1 The temperature specified under heat resistance foreach material grade in Annexes A1.1 through A8.1 is the E1temperature designated in Table 1. It is the temperature atwhich that particular grade shall retain a minimum of 50 % ofits original flexural strength.7.2.5 Water AbsorptionUse Test Method D570 to deter-mine water absorption, modified as follows:7.2.5.1 Condition the specimens at 100 6 2C for 24 h,followed by a 16 to 20-h
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