ASTM D5967-2012a red 2500 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-8 Diesel Engine《T-8柴油机用柴油机油评估的标准试验方法》.pdf

1、Designation: D5967 12D5967 12aStandard Test Method forEvaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-8 Diesel Engine1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5967; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last

2、 revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure for evaluating diesel engine oils for performance characteristics, inclu

3、dingviscosity increase and soot concentrations (loading).2 This test method is commonly referred to as the Mack T-8.1.2 This test method also provides the procedure for running an extended length T-8 test, which is commonly referred to as theT-8E and an abbreviated length test, which is commonly ref

4、erred to as T-8A. The procedures for the T-8E and the T-8Aare identicalto the T-8 with the exception of the items specifically listed in Annex A8 and Annex A9 respectively. Additionally, the proceduremodifications listed in Annex A8 and Annex A9 refer to the corresponding section of the T-8 procedur

5、e.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3.1 ExceptionsWhere there is no direct SI equivalent such as the units for screw threads, National Pipe Threads/diameters,tubing size, sole source equipment suppliers, an

6、d oil consumption in grams per kilowatthour.kilowatt-hour.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicabili

7、ty of regulatorylimitations prior to use. See Annex A6 for specific safety precautions.1.5 A Table of Contents follows:Scope 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Method 4Significance and Use 5Apparatus 6General Description 6.1The Test Engine 6.2Mack Test Engine 6.2.1Engine Cooling Sys

8、tem 6.2.2Engine Oil System 6.2.3Auxiliary Oil System 6.2.4Crankcase Aspiration 6.2.5Blowby Meter 6.2.6Air Supply and Filtration 6.2.7Fuel Supply 6.2.8Intake Manifold Temperature Control 6.2.9Engine Fluids 7Test Oil 7.1Test Fuel 7.2Engine Coolant 7.3Cleaning Materials 7.4Preparation of Apparatus at R

9、ebuild 8Cleaning of Parts 8.1Valves, Seats, Guides, and Springs 8.2Cylinder Liner, Piston, and Piston Ring Assembly 8.3Injectors and Injection Pump 8.4Assembly Instructions 8.5Measurements 8.61 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and

10、is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.B0.02on Heavy Duty Engine Oils.Current edition approved April 15, 2012Dec. 1, 2012. Published June 2012March 2013. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20112012 asD596711.12. DOI: 10.1520/D5967-12.10.1520/D5967-12A.2 The ASTM

11、 Test Monitoring Center will update changes in this test method by means of Information Letters. This edition incorporates revisions contained in allinformation letters through 111. Information letters may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489,

12、 Attention:Administrator.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends tha

13、t users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West C

14、onshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1Laboratory and Engine Test Stand Calibration/Non-ReferenceRequirements9Calibration Frequency 9.1Calibration Reference Oils 9.2Test Numbering 9.3New Laboratories and New Test Stands 9.4Calibrated Laboratories and Test Stands 9.5Calibration Test Acceptance 9.6

15、Failing Calibration Tests 9.7Non-Reference Oil Test Requirements 9.8Procedure 10Pretest Procedure 10.1Engine Start-Up 10.2Engine Shutdown 10.3Test Cycle 10.4Oil Addition/Drain 10.5Oil Samples 10.6Oil Consumption Calculations 10.7Fuel Samples 10.8Periodic Measurements 10.9Blowby 10.10Centrifugal Oil

16、Filter Mass Gain 10.11Oil Filter P Calculation 10.12Post Test 10.13Inspection of Fuel and Oil During Test 11Oil Inspection 11.1Fuel Inspections 11.2Oil Consumption 11.3Report 12Reporting Test Results 12.1Deviations from Test Operational Limits 12.2Electronic Transmission of Test Results 12.3Plots of

17、 Operational Data 12.4Precision and Bias 13Precision 13.1Bias 13.2Keywords 14AnnexesReport Forms Annex A1Sensor Locations Annex A2Kinematic Viscosity At 100C For Test Method D5967 Samples Annex A3Enhanced Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) Procedure Annex A4Procurement of Test Materials Annex A5Safe

18、ty Precautions Annex A6Data Dictionary Annex A7T-8E Extended Length Test Requirements Annex A8T-8A Abbreviated Length Test Requirements Annex A92. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric PressureD93 Test Methods for Flash Point by

19、 Pensky-Martens Closed Cup TesterD97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum ProductsD130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip TestD235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)D287 Test Method for API Gravity

20、of Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Products (Hydrometer Method)D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)D446 Specifications and Operating Instructions for Glass Capillary Kinematic ViscometersD482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleu

21、m ProductsD524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum ProductsD613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel OilD664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric TitrationD976 Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index of Distillate FuelsD1319 Test Method for H

22、ydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator AdsorptionD2274 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Distillate Fuel Oil (Accelerated Method)D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum ProductsD2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-r

23、ay Fluorescence Spectrometry3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.D5967 12a2D2709 Test Method for W

24、ater and Sediment in Middle Distillate Fuels by CentrifugeD4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density MeterD4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum Products, and LubricantsD4294 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and Petroleum Products by

25、 Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence SpectrometryD4485 Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine OilsD4737 Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index by Four Variable EquationD5185 Test Method for Determination of Additive Elements, Wear Metals, and Contaminants in Used Lubri

26、cating Oils andDetermination of Selected Elements in Base Oils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)D5453 Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in Light Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, Diesel Engine Fuel,and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet FluorescenceD6278

27、 Test Method for Shear Stability of Polymer Containing Fluids Using a European Diesel Injector ApparatusD7422 Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-12 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Diesel EngineE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifica

28、tions2.2 SAE Standard:4SAE J1995 Engine Power Test CodeSpark Ignition and Compression IgnitionGross Power Rating3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 blind reference oil, na reference oil, the identity of which is unknown by the test facility. D41753.1.2 blowby, nin internal combustion engines, that p

29、ortion of the combustion products and unburned air/fuel mixture thatleaks past piston rings into the engine crankcase during operation.3.1.3 calibrate, vto determine the indication or output of a device (e.g., thermometer, manometer, engine) with respect to thatof a standard.3.1.4 heavy-duty, adjin

30、internal combustion engine operation, characterized by average speeds, power output, and internaltemperatures that are close to the potential maximums. D44853.1.5 heavy-duty engine, nin internal combustion engine types, one that is designed to allow operation continuously at or closeto its peak outp

31、ut.3.1.6 non-reference oil, nany oil other than a reference oil; such as a research formulation, commercial oil, or candidate oil.D41753.1.7 non-standard test, na test that is not conducted in conformance with the requirements in the standard test method, suchas running on an uncalibrated test stand

32、, using different test equipment, applying different equipment assembly procedures, or usingmodified operating conditions. D41753.1.8 oxidation, nof engine oil, the reaction of the oil with an electron acceptor, generally oxygen, that can produce deleteriousacidic or resinous materials often manifes

33、ted as sludge formation, varnish formation, viscosity increase, or corrosion, or acombination thereof.3.1.9 reference oil, nan oil of known performance characteristics, used as a basis for comparison. D41753.1.9.1 DiscussionReference oils are used to calibrate testing facilities, to compare the perf

34、ormance of other oils, or to evaluate other materials (suchas seals) that interact with oils.3.1.10 sludge, nin internal combustion engines, a deposit, principally composed of insoluble resins and oxidation productsfrom fuel combustion and the lubricant, that does not drain from engine parts but can

35、 be removed by wiping with a cloth. D41753.1.11 standard test, na test on a calibrated test stand, using the prescribed equipment that is assembled according to therequirements in the test method, and conducted according to the specified operating conditions.3.1.12 varnish, nin internal combustion e

36、ngines, a hard, dry, generally lustrous deposit that can be removed by solvents butnot by wiping with a cloth. D41753.1.13 wear, nthe loss of material from a surface, generally occurring between two surfaces in relative motion, and resultingfrom mechanical or chemical action, or a combination of bot

37、h. D74224 Available from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.D5967 12a34. Summary of Test Method4.1 The test operation involves use of a Mack E7-350 diesel engine with a warm-up, a 2 h flush for each test, and then a constantspeed and loadtorque conditi

38、ons that are held for the remainder of the test. Reference oil test length is 300 h. Non-reference oiltest length is 250 h.4.2 Oil samples are taken periodically and analyzed for viscosity increase.4.3 Engine rebuild frequency is based on the degradation of test parameters and is left to the discret

39、ion of the test laboratory.At rebuild, the power section of the engine is disassembled, solvent-cleaned, measured, and rebuilt, using all new pistons, rings,cylinder liners, and valve guides, in strict accordance with furnished specifications.4.4 The engine crankcase is solvent-cleaned, and worn or

40、defective parts are replaced.4.5 The test stand is equipped with appropriate accessories for controlling speed, load, and various engine operating conditions.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method was developed to evaluate the viscometric performance of engine oils in turbocharged and intercool

41、edfour-cycle diesel engines. Results are obtained from used oil analysis.5.2 The test method is used for engine oil specification acceptance when all details of the procedure are followed.6. Apparatus6.1 General Description:6.1.1 The test engine is a Mack E7-350 mechanically governed engine, P/N 11G

42、BA77623 (see Annex A5). It is anopen-chamber, in-line, six-cylinder, four-stroke, turbocharged, charge air-cooled, compression ignition engine. The bore and strokeare (124 by 165) mm, and the displacement is 12 L. The engine is rated at 261 kW at 1800 r/min governed speed (see SAE J1995).6.1.2 The a

43、mbient laboratory atmosphere should be relatively free of dirt, dust, and other contaminants as required by goodlaboratory standards. Additionally, it is recommended that the atmosphere in the engine buildup area be filtered and controlled fortemperature and humidity to prevent accumulation of dirt

44、or dust on engine parts. Uniform temperature control will also aid inmeasuring and selecting parts for assembly.6.1.3 Use the low sulfur reference diesel fuel shown in Table 1.6.2 The Test Engine:6.2.1 Mack Test EngineThe engine is available from Mack Trucks, Inc. A complete parts list is shown in T

45、able A5.1.6.2.2 Engine Cooling System:6.2.2.1 A new Mack coolant conditioner shown in Table A5.1 is required every test to limit scaling in the cooling system.Pressurize the system at the expansion tank to 103 kPa.TABLE 1 PC-9 Reference Diesel FuelProperty Test Method MinA MaxASulfur, mass % D2622 0

46、.04 0.05Gravity, API D287 or D4052 34.5 36.5 (37)Hydrocarbon composition, % volAromatics D1319 (FIA) (27) 28 33Olefin D1319 (FIA) ReportCetane number D613 40 (42) 48Cetane index D976 and D4737 ReportCopper strip corrosion D130 1Flash point, C D93 54Pour point, C D97 18Cloud point, C D2500 ReportCarb

47、on residue on 10 %residuum, mass %D524 (10 % bot-toms)0.35Water and sediment, vol % D2709 0.05Viscosity, mm2/s at 40 C D445 2.4 3.0Ash, mass % D482 0.005Acid number D664 0.05Strong acid number D664 0.00Accelerated stability D2274 ReportDistillation, C D86IBP Report10 % vol Report50 % vol Report90 %

48、vol 282 338EP ReportA Min and max numbers in parentheses are EPA Certification Fuel Specifications.D5967 12a46.2.2.2 Use a closed-loop, pressurized external engine cooling system composed of a nonferrous core heat exchanger, reservoir,and water-out temperature control valve. The system should preven

49、t air entrainment and control jacket temperatures within thespecified limit. Install a sight glass between the engine and the cooling tower to check for air entrainment and uniform flow in aneffort to prevent localized boiling. Block the thermostat wide open.6.2.3 Engine Oil SystemA schematic of the engine oil system is shown in Fig. A2.9.6.2.4 Auxiliary Oil SystemTo maintain a constant oil level in the pan, a separate closed tank is connected to the sump thatprovides an additional 9.5 L sump. Circulate oil through the tank with an auxiliary pump