1、Designation: D5969 11 (Reapproved 2016)Standard Test Method forCorrosion-Preventive Properties of Lubricating Greases inPresence of Dilute Synthetic Sea Water Environments1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5969; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year o
2、foriginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of thecorrosion-
3、preventive properties of greases using grease-lubricated tapered roller bearings exposed to various concen-trations of dilute synthetic sea water stored under wet condi-tions. It is based on Test Method D1743, which is practicedusing a similar procedure and distilled water. The reportedresult is a p
4、ass or fail rating as determined by at least two ofthree bearings.1.2 Apparatus DimensionsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given inparentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that areprovided for information only and are not considered standar
5、d.1.3 All Other ValuesThe values stated in SI units are to beregarded as standard. No other units of measurement areincluded in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard
6、 to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D665 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics ofInhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of WaterD1193 Specification for Reage
7、nt WaterD1743 Test Method for Determining Corrosion PreventiveProperties of Lubricating Greases3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 corrosionthe chemical or electrochemical reactionbetween a material, usually a metal, and its environment thatproduces a deterioration
8、 of the material and its properties.3.1.1.1 DiscussionIn this test method, corrosion is mani-fested by red rust or black stains on the bearing race. Stains,through which the underlying metal surface is still visible, arenot considered corrosion in Test Method D5969 and shall beignored. D17434. Summa
9、ry of Test Method4.1 New, cleaned, and lubricated bearings are run under alight thrust load for 60 s 6 3 s to distribute the lubricant in apattern that might be found in service. The bearings areexposed to a solution of synthetic sea water at some percentagein distilled water, then stored for 24 h 6
10、12 hat52C6 1Cand 100 % relative humidity. After cleaning, the bearing cupsare examined for evidence of corrosion.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method differentiates the relative corrosion-preventive capabilities of lubricating greases under the testconditions.6. Apparatus6.1 Bearings, Timken
11、bearing cone and roller assemblyLM11949 and cup LM11910.36.2 Motor, 1750 r min (approximate) speed,115 hp (min).6.3 Bearing Holder, (see Fig. 1) consists of a 1 kg 6 0.01 kgmass, upper and lower plastic collars for the bearing cone(Parts A and B), a metal screw, and a plastic collar for the cup(Part
12、 C).6.4 Plastic Test Jar, as shown in Fig. 2.6.5 Run-in Stand,4as shown in Fig. 3.6.6 Spindle/Thrust Loading Device,3as shown in Fig. 4.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee
13、 D02.G0.06 on Functional Tests - Contamination.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2016. Published November 2016. Originallyapproved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D5969 111. DOI:10.1520/D5969-11R16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM
14、 Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Manufactured by the Timken Co., Canton, OH 44706.4The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis Falex Corp.,
15、1020 Airpark Drive, Sugar Grove, IL, 60554. If you are aware ofalternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM InternationalHeadquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee,1which you may attend.Copyright ASTM Internatio
16、nal, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1KEY DESCRIPTION QUANTITY1 PISTON 12 O RING 13 WEIGHT 14 UPPER FLANGE 15 LOWER FLANGE 1614 201-14 FILLISTER HD. MACH. SCREW S.S. 17 O RING 18 BEARING HOLDER 19 PLASTIC JAR 110 O RING 1FIG. 1 Test Method D1743 Bea
17、ring Holder AssemblyD5969 11 (2016)26.7 Mechanical Grease Packer, as shown in Fig. 5.6.8 Pliers,5as shown in Fig. 6.6.9 Syringe, of at least 100 mL 6 5 mL volume and with aneedle of at least 16 gauge and a minimum length of 100 mm(4 in.).6.10 Timer, capable of measuring a 60 s 6 3 s interval.6.11 Ov
18、en, a laboratory oven, essentially free of vibration,capable of maintaining 52 C 6 1 C.7. Reagents7.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall beused in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended thatall reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-tee on Analytical R
19、eagents of the American Chemical Society,where such specifications are available.6Other grades may beused, provided that it is first ascertained that the reagent is ofsufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening theaccuracy of the determination.7.2 Purity of WaterUnless otherwise ind
20、icated, referencesto water shall be understood to mean reagent water conformingto Specification D1193, Type III.7.3 Isopropyl Alcohol. (WarningFlammable.)7.4 Solvent Rinse Solution, of the following composition byvolume:7.4.1 Isopropyl Alcohol, 90 %,7.4.2 Distilled Water, 9 %, and7.4.3 Ammonium Hydr
21、oxide, 1%. (WarningPoison.Causes burns. Vapor extremely irritating. May be fatal ifswallowed. Harmful if inhaled.)7.5 Mineral Spirits, reagent grade, minimum purity.(WarningCombustible. Vapor harmful.)7.6 Synthetic Sea Water, prepared as described in TestMethod D665.(WarningPoison. May be fatal if s
22、wal-lowed.)8. Standardization of Thrust Loading Device8.1 Pack a bearing, and install it into the holder. Place theassembly into a plastic jar as described in 10.1 10.4. Place thejar onto the base of the motor drive spindle and center it underthe indexing pin of the drive. Lower the drive until the
23、O-ringjust contacts the 1 kg weight. Run the bottom nut of the depthgauge (see Fig. 3) down to the stop. Place a 3 mm spacer on topof this nut. Bring the top nut down to the spacer. While holdingthe top nut in position, remove the spacer and run the bottomnut up and tighten it against the top nut. W
24、hen the O-ring iscompressed against the 1 kg weight until the adjustment nuthits the stop, there will be a 29 N load added, giving a totalload of 39 N on the bearing. (The loads described are providedby the forces of the spring in the thrust loading spindle and thesum of the 1 kg weight and spring,
25、respectively. These loadsare approximate. The 1 kg weights should be within 0.010 kgof their stated values. The thrust loading spindle should becalibrated by some suitable method when it is first put intoservice, recalibrated periodically, and replaced if its springdoes not provide sufficient force
26、to spin the test bearingswithout slippage during the 60 s run to distribute the grease.)Examine the O-ring periodically, and replace it if it shows anycracks or other signs of deterioration.8.2 The thrust loading device should be standardized beforeuse, once per day if used daily, and again if there
27、 is reason tobelieve that the standardization has changed. The thrust load-ing device may be standardized using one of the greases to betested.9. Preparation of Bearings9.1 Examine the test bearings carefully and select onlybearings that have outer races (cups) and rollers entirely free ofcorrosion.
28、 During the bearing preparation, handle the bearingswith tongs or rubber or plastic gloves. Do not touch bearingswith the fingers at any time.9.2 Wash the selected bearings thoroughly in hot (52 C to66 C) mineral spirits, reagent grade (Warningsee 7.5)toremove the rust preventive. To ensure complete
29、 removal of therust preventive, subject the bearings to a second wash in freshhot mineral spirits, reagent grade.NOTE 1The washing temperatures specified are considerably abovethe flash point of the solvent. Accordingly, the washing operation shouldbe carried out in a well-ventilated hood where no f
30、lames or other ignitionsources are present.5AWaldes Truarc Plier No. 4, available from Truarc Co., or similar, modified asin Fig. 6.6Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, AmericanChemical Society, Washington, DC. For Suggestions on the testing of reagents notlisted by the Amer
31、ican Chemical Society, see Annual Standards for LaboratoryChemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeiaand National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,MD.Test Jar SpecificationsInner Diameter Range: 3.113.31 in. (7984 mm)Inner Height Range
32、: 3.54.0 in. (89102 mm)FIG. 2 Plastic Test JarD5969 11 (2016)39.3 Transfer the bearing from the mineral spirits, reagentgrade to the solvent rinse solution (Warningsee 7.4.3)toremove the mineral spirits, reagent grade and any fingerprintsthat may be present. Then rinse the bearing and slowly rotatei
33、t in fresh hot (66 C 6 5 C) solvent rinse solution.NOTE 2Fresh solvent rinse solution must be used to avoid selectiveevaporation of the components at the rinse temperature.9.4 Remove the bearing from the solvent rinse solution andplace it on filter paper to drain. After draining, dry the bearingin a
34、n oven at 70 C 6 5 C for 15 min to 30 min.9.5 Permit the bearing to cool to room temperature andreexamine its surfaces to ensure that corrosion-free and free-turning specimens have been selected. (Take care not to spinthe bearings after cleaning and drying.)9.6 Wash and dry the bearing packer using
35、the sametechnique as for the preparation of the bearings.10. Procedure10.1 With the reservoir of the grease packer resting on aclean bench top, and while wearing gloves, place the bearingcup with the small diameter face down into the recess of thepacker. Place the bearing cone over the cut, and whil
36、e holdingthe bearing assembly against the packer, lift and invert thewhole unit and return it to the bench.10.2 Fill the reservoir with the grease sample, and use theplunger to force grease through the bearing. Carefully removeFIG. 3 Run-in Stand DrawingFIG. 4 Spindle/Thrust Loading DeviceD5969 11 (
37、2016)4the plunger from the reservoir to avoid sucking air into thebearing, and slide the packer unit over the edge of the bench.While holding the bearing assembly in the packer, invert theunit to its original position on the bench.10.3 Using a small square-ended spatula, remove excessgrease from the
38、 bearing bore and the annulus between thegrease packer and outer perimeter of the bearing cup. Thebearing is removed from the packer by either the use of thepliers4or by placing a gloved index finger in the bore andlifting it out.10.3.1 While holding the bearing, use the spatula to removeexcess grea
39、se above the cage on both sides of the bearing. Thisprocedure is done to ensure that approximately the samevolume of grease is used each time.10.4 Using Fig. 1 as a guide, hold the packed bearingbetween gloved fingers with the large inside diameter of thecup downward and insert the small diameter pl
40、astic flange ontop of the bore, and the larger flange into the bottom of thebore. Slide the bearing assembly onto the 1-kg weight so thatthe large diameter flange fits into the recess on top of theweight. Insert the bolt through the assembly and screw the bolttightly into the weight. Lower the plast
41、ic bearing holder (Part8) over the bearing. (The large O-ring faces upward.) Pressdown the holder so that the bearing fits squarely into the holder.10.5 Invert a plastic jar over the bearing assembly. Slide thetwo components over the edge of the bench, and with fingerspressing the weight against the
42、 inner bottom of the jar, invertthe entire assembly.10.6 Place the jar onto the base of the motor-driven spindleand center under the indexing pin of the drive. After the pin isengaged, start the motor and bring the drive into the center ofthe 1 kg weight. Load until the nut hits the depth stop. Run
43、for60 s 6 3 s and allow the bearing to coast to a stop. Hold it withtwo fingers and then raise the drive. Take extreme care not tobreak the contact between the races and rollers at this point andin the following steps.NOTE 3At no time during or after the 60 s run shall the grease beredistributed or
44、forced back into the bearing.10.7 Using synthetic sea water (Warningsee 7.6) pre-pared as in Test Method D665, make a dilution with distilledwater (by volume, at the desired concentration) to obtain theproper test solution. The synthetic sea water should be no morethan one week old.10.8 Fill a clean
45、 syringe with 100 mL 6 5 mL of the freshlyprepared synthetic sea water test solution. With the run-inbearing in the jar, simultaneously start a timer and begin addingthe synthetic sea water solution into the hole provided for thispurpose in the bearing holder. Add the 100 mL of the solutionwithin 20
46、 s 6 3 s. When the timer shows 50 s 6 3 s, startwithdrawing the solution. By 60 s 6 3 s, complete the with-drawal of 70 mL 6 5 mL of the solution. Leave the remaining30 mL 6 5 mL of the solution in the jar. Make sure that waterdoes not touch the bearing after 70 mL 6 5 mL is withdrawn.It may be diff
47、icult to withdraw 70 mL 6 5 mL of water in 10 susing a 16 gauge needle. A larger needle may be required.10.9 Screw the cap on the jar and transfer to a dark ovenessentially free from vibration for 24 h at 52 C 6 1 C.NOTE 4Test Method D1743 calls for 48 h at 52 C 6 1 C.10.10 Prepare three bearings fo
48、r each grease sample to betested at the percentage of dilute synthetic sea water of interest.Each group of three bearings is one test. See Table 1 forconversion.FIG. 5 Bearing Packer Brass(Tolerances are 0.003 in. unless otherwise specified)D5969 11 (2016)511. Rating Procedure11.1 Remove the bearing
49、 from the test jar and place thebearing cup in a 50/50 mixture by volume of isopropyl alcohol(Warningsee 7.3 and 7.5) and mineral spirits, reagent grade(WarningCombustible. Vapor harmful). The solvent mix-ture can be heated to facilitate the removal of the grease.Agitate vigorously to remove the grease. Repeat the rinsingusing fresh solvent mixture or gently wipe the bearing with aclean cloth or tissue to ensure that traces of grease areremoved.11.2 Transfer the bearing cup from the solvent mixture andallow to dry on clean filter
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