ASTM D6013-2000(2005) Standard Test Method for Determination of Area Stability of Leather to Laundering《测定皮革耐洗涤局部稳定性的标准试验方法》.pdf

1、Designation: D 6013 00 (Reapproved 2005)Standard Test Method forDetermination of Area Stability of Leather to Laundering1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6013; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, th

2、e year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method2covers the determination of launder-ability of dyed leathers with or without a pigment fin

3、ish. Thistest method does not apply to wet blue.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresp

4、onsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D 1610 Practice for Conditioning Leather and LeatherProducts for Testing3. Significance and

5、 Use3.1 The procedure is primarily intended to evaluate theability of a leather specimen to withstand fixed, and ratherstrenuous, laundering conditions. This test method is notintended as a recommended washing procedure, neither house-hold nor commercial. The resulting area stability is determined.4

6、. Apparatus44.1 Washing MachineALaunder-Ometer,5or an assemblyof apparatus capable of similar test conditions (see Note). Ineither machine, 1-pt (500-mL) specimen containers are heldwith their bases toward a horizontal shaft and 2 in. (50 mm) outfrom its center of rotation. Speed of rotation shall b

7、e 40 to 45rpm. Provision shall be made for maintaining the initialtemperature of the specimen containers throughout the test.Additional agitation shall be provided by14-in. (6.4-mm)stainless steel balls in the specimen containers. Apparatus isillustrated in Figs. 1-3.NOTE 1A motor-driven assembly, d

8、esigned to hold 1-pt (500-mL)specimen containers so that they are relative to the axis of the motor shaftin the same way as in the Launder-Ometer, can be used.5The entireassembly, fitted with specimen containers, shall be turned at 40 to 45 rpminside a simple boxlike container which is heated at 120

9、F (49C) withthermostatic control. Thus, heat loss from the preheated contents of thespecimen containers is held at a minimum during the 30-min washingperiods. Such an apparatus is illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5.4.2 Stainless Steel Balls, type 316,14 in. (6 mm) diameter.4.3 Steel or Glass Jar, 1 pt (0.

10、5 L), with washer and cap.4.4 Circulating-air Oven, capable of maintaining the re-quired temperature of 120 6 2F (49 6 1C).1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D31 on Leatherand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.04 on Apparel and Upholstery.Current edition app

11、roved Sept. 1, 2005. Published September 2005. Originallyapproved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D 6013 - 00.2This test method was developed from Federal Test Method Standard No. 311Method 3041.1 in cooperation with the U.S. Army Natick Research Developmentand Engineering Center,

12、 Natick, MA, and the Defense Personnel Support CenterDirectorate of Clothing and Textiles, Philadelphia, PA.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the stan

13、dards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4The leather washing apparatus drawing is available from ASTM Headquarters,100 Barr Harbor Drive, W. Conshohocken, PA 194282959. Request AdjunctADJD6013.5The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis Atlas Electric Dev

14、ices Co., 4114 N. Ravenswood Ave., Chicago, IL 60613. If youare aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTMHeadquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend.1Copyright ASTM International

15、, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.5 Blotting Paper,6(laboratory) (see 7.2).4.6 Metal Die, for cutting the specimen to the requireddimensions.4.7 Soap Solution,7prepared by dissolving5gofstandardneutral chip soap in 1 L of distilled water (see 7.3

16、).5. Test Specimen5.1 The specimen shall be a square of leather 2.0 by 2.0 in.(51 by 51 mm) cut from the sample unit of leather. Threespecimens from each sample unit shall be tested.6. Procedure6.1 Unless otherwise specified, perform this test in accor-dance with standard atmospheric conditions (see

17、 PracticeD 1610). Weigh the conditioned samples to the nearest 0.1 g.6.2 Make two measurements of each dimension of thespecimen and average them. Make the measurements 13 mm infrom the edges of the specimen. Indelibly mark the grainsurface of the specimen to indicate the points of measurement.Use th

18、e average measurement to determine the original area ofthe specimen, and record this area as A. (The known dimen-sions of the die may be used instead of actually measuring thespecimen. When this option is taken, the specimen shall still beindelibly marked at the points of measurement indicatedabove.

19、)6.3 Add three specimens and twenty stainless steel balls toa 1-pt jar together with 150 mL of a soap solution that has beenpreheated to 120 6 2F (49 6 1C).6.4 Seal the jars and clamp them into the rotor of a washingmachine. Run the apparatus at 40 to 45 rpm for 30 min at 1206 2F (49 6 1C).6.5 Remov

20、e the jars and pour the soap solution from the jarsthrough a sieve to avoid losing the steel balls and specimens.Then place the specimens flesh side down on a pad consistingof two 10 by 10-in. (25.4 by 25.4-cm) blotting papers, andcover them with a pad of two additional blotting papers of thesame ty

21、pe. Place a non-absorbent flat rigid plate large enoughto cover the blotters on the cover blotter. If necessary, place aweight on the plate so as to subject the specimens to a 10 g/cm2load for 5 min. At the end of this period, remove the load andtransfer the specimens to the pint container previousl

22、y filledwith water preheated to 120 6 2F (49 6 1C). The volume ofwater in millilitres shall be approximately 20 times the initialweight of the conditioned specimens in grams.6.6 Seal, clamp, and rotate jars for 30 min in washingmachine. Remove the water and squeeze the specimens byhand and spread ne

23、xt to each other on a flat noncorrosive rigidplate. No specimen shall be closer than12 in. (12.7 mm) to theothers.6.7 Place the plate with specimens in a pre-heated circulat-ing air oven for 30 min at 120 6 2F (49 6 1C). At the endof 30 min, return the dried specimens to the pint jars, 3specimens pe

24、r jar, together with the steel balls and 100 mL ofthe soap solution preheated to 120 6 2F (49 6 1C). Repeatthe entire procedure again. After the specimens have beenremoved from the oven the second time, return them to the pintjars, 3 specimens per jar, together with the steel balls and 50mL of the s

25、oap solution preheated to 120 6 2F (496 1C).Repeat the entire procedure a third time, except do not squeezethe specimens by hand or dried in the oven, after being tumbledin the pre-heated water. Instead, the specimens shall be placed6The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee

26、at this timeis Standard Paper Manufacturing Co., P.O. Box 1554, Richmond, VA 23212. If youare aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTMHeadquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend

27、.7The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis AATCC National Headquarters, P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC22709. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information toASTM Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful considera

28、tion at a meetingof the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.FIG. 1 Launder-OmeterFIG. 2 Launder-Ometer Stainless Steel Specimen ContainersD 6013 00 (2005)2grain side up on a flat noncorrosive rigid surface and allowedto dry under standard conditions for 48 h.6.8 Take two measuremen

29、ts in one dimension, averagethem, and record the average as B. Take two measurements inthe other dimension, average them, and record the average asC. The measurements will be made at the indelibly markedpoints of measurement described in 6.2. The averages shall becalculated to the nearest 0.02 in. (

30、0.1 mm). Calculate theaverage area change as follows:Percent area change 5A 2 B 3 C! 3 100A(1)where:A = original area of the specimen (can be calculated fromthe known dimensions of the die),B = average of two measurements in one dimension of thespecimen, andC = average of two measurements in the oth

31、er dimensionof test specimen.6.8.1 In the event of increase in area of the test specimen,the calculations shall be made as follows:Percent area change 5B 3 C! 2 A 3 100A(2)FIG. 3 Specimen Containers Mounted on Launder-Ometer RotorFIG. 4 Washing Machine, Heated Air BathD 6013 00 (2005)37. Report7.1 R

32、eport area change to the nearest 0.1 %.8. Precision and Bias8.1 PrecisionThe following criteria may be used to judgethe acceptability of the results if at least 15 units have beenmeasured:8.1.1 Results by the same operator on duplicate specimen,same skin, should not be considered suspect unless the

33、coef-ficient of variation exceeds 2 %.8.1.2 Results of two laboratories on duplicate specimens,same skin, should not be considered suspect unless the coef-ficient of variation exceeds 2 %.8.2 BiasNo justifiable statement on bias can be madesince the true value of area of leather test specimens canno

34、t beestablished by an accepted reference method.9. Keywords9.1 area change; area stability; laundering; leather; measur-ing areaASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are

35、 expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not r

36、evised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you

37、 may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).FIG. 5 Diagram of Washing MachineD 6013 00 (2005)4