1、Designation: D6150 16Standard Test Method forEstimating Processing Losses of Plastisols and OrganosolsDue to Volatility1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6150; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the
2、year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method describes a procedure for the determi-nation of the relative volatility of polyvinyl chlorid
3、e plastisolsand organosols at elevated temperatures.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnoteswhich provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes,e
4、xcluding those in tables and figures, shall not be considered asrequirements of this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health pra
5、ctices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1600 Terminology forAbbreviated T
6、erms Relating to Plas-ticsE145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-Ventilation OvensE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe te
7、rms used in this test method are inaccordance with Terminology D883 and abbreviations are inaccordance with Terminology D1600, unless otherwise indi-cated.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Plastisols or organosols are weighed in aluminum dishesand heated in a circulating air oven at 177C (350F) for 10min
8、. The specimens are removed from the oven, cooled, andreweighed. The weight loss is determined and reported aseither percent weight loss or weight loss per unit area ofexposed surface.5. Significance and Use5.1 The volatile components of a plastisol or organosolinfluence the weight loss during proce
9、ssing. It is possible thatthis information will be useful to the producer and user and toenvironmental interests for estimating the volatiles emitted bythe plastisol or organosol during processing.5.2 Results obtained by this test method are not strictlyequivalent to those experienced during product
10、 processingwherein conditions of temperature, air flow, coating mass, andconfiguration are potentially quite different.5.3 This test method is not necessarily applicable to alltypes of plastisol and organosol applications. Any change inthe specified testing time or temperature to accommodateunique a
11、pplications shall be included in the report (see 7.3).6. Apparatus6.1 Oven, forcedventilation laboratory oven, Type II,Grade A, with 100 to 200 air exchanges/h as specified inSpecification E145.6.1.1 It is acceptable to use a rotating turntable drive at arate of 1 to 6.6.1.2 It is acceptable to use
12、a tray to fit the turntable tominimize the temperature drop in the oven.6.2 Aluminum Foil Dishes, 57 mm in diameter by 18 mmhigh with a smooth (planar) bottom surface.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plasticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15
13、on ThermoplasticMaterials, Section D20.15.07 on Vinyl Chloride Polymers.Current edition approved May 1, 2016. Published May 2016. Originallyapproved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D6150 - 15. DOI:10.1520/D6150-16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.or
14、g, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C70
15、0, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States17. Procedure7.1 Ensure the plastisol or organosol is homogeneous. Ifnecessary, mix the sample by hand or mechanical stirrer untilhomogeneous and deaerate.7.2 Tare three aluminum dishes to the nearest 0.1 mg.7.3 Add the plastisol or organosol specime
16、n in such amanner as to entirely cover the bottom of the dish. The weightadded to each dish shall vary by only 60.1 g of the selectedweight. If the thickness of the final product cannot be accu-rately determined, add 6.0 6 0.1 g to each dish.NOTE 2A more representative measurement of weight loss is
17、possibleif the thickness of the sample in the aluminum dish approaches thethickness of the material during processing. The weight of the specimensadded to the dish is allowed to vary according to the application.7.4 Reweigh the dishes to the nearest 0.1 mg.7.5 Place only three dishes from a single s
18、pecimen in theoven on a shelf or turntable, or both, perpendicular to theairflow.7.5.1 If a rotating turntable is used, place the dishes on theturntable equally spaced from the center.7.5.2 Due to the short heating time, place the specimens intothe oven as quickly as possible to minimize the tempera
19、turedrop in the oven.7.6 Heat the aluminum foil dishes containing the specimensin the forced draft oven (6.1) for 10 min 6 20 s at 177C(350F).7.7 Remove the dishes from the oven, place immediately ina desiccator, cool for 15 min to ambient temperature, andweigh to 0.1 mg.8. Calculation8.1 Calculate
20、the percent volatile matter, V, in the plastisolor organosol as follows:V 5 W22 W1! 2 W32 W1!/W22 W1!# 3100 (1)where:W1= weight of aluminum foil dish,W2= weight of dish plus specimen, andW3= weight of dish plus specimen after heating.8.2 Calculate the weight loss relative to unit area of exposedsurf
21、ace as follows:weight loss, g/mm25 W22 W1! 2 W32 W1!#/d2/4!5 1.273W32 W1! 2 W22 W1!#/d2(2)where:W1= weight of aluminum foil dish,W2= weight of dish plus specimen,W3= weight of dish plus specimen after heating, andd = external diameter of specimen after heating in mm.9. Report9.1 Report the following
22、 information:9.1.1 Sample identification.9.1.2 Average of percent volatile loss of the sample run intriplicate or the average of the volatile weight loss of thesample relative to unit area, or both, g/mm2.9.1.3 Any deviations from the test and the reasons for thesedeviations.10. Precision and Bias10
23、.1 The precision of this test method is based on anintralaboratory study of ASTM D6150, Standard Test Methodfor Estimating Processing Losses of Plastisols and OrganosolsDue to Volatility, conducted in 1996. Six laboratories partici-pated in this study, testing three specific masses (3 gm, 6 gm,and 9
24、 gm) of thirteen different formulations. Every “test result”represents an individual determination. The laboratories re-ported a single test results for each material. Except for the lackof reported replicates, Practice E691 was followed for thedesign and analysis of the data; the details are given
25、in anASTM Research Report.310.1.1 Repeatability (r)The difference between repetitiveresults obtained by the same operator in a given laboratoryapplying the same test method with the same apparatus underconstant operating conditions on identical test material withinshort intervals of time would in th
26、e long run, in the normal andcorrect operation of the test method, exceed the followingvalues only in one case in 20.10.1.1.1 Repeatability can be interpreted as maximum dif-ference between two results, obtained under repeatabilityconditions, that is accepted as plausible due to random causesunder n
27、ormal and correct operation of the test method.10.1.1.2 Repeatability limits cannot be determined withoutreplicate test results from the participating laboratories.10.1.2 Reproducibility (R)The difference between twosingle and independent results obtained by different operatorsapplying the same test
28、 method in different laboratories usingdifferent apparatus on identical test material would, in the longrun, in the normal and correct operation of the test method,exceed the following values only in one case in 20.10.1.2.1 Reproducibility can be interpreted as maximumdifference between two results,
29、 obtained under reproducibilityconditions, that is accepted as plausible due to random causesunder normal and correct operation of the test method.10.1.2.2 The average Reproducibility limit determined fromall reported data is 0.019 grams.10.1.3 The above terms (repeatability limit and reproduc-ibili
30、ty limit) are used as specified in Practice E177.10.1.4 Any judgment in accordance with 10.1.1 wouldnormally have an approximate 95 % probability of beingcorrect, however the precision statistics obtained in this ILSmust not be treated as exact mathematical quantities which areapplicable to all circ
31、umstances and uses. The lack of reportedreplicate results essentially guarantees that there will be timeswhen differences greater than predicted by the ILS results willarise, sometimes with considerably greater or smaller fre-quency than the 95 % probability limit would imply. Considerthe reproducib
32、ility limit as a general guide, and the associatedprobability of 95 % as only a rough indicator of what can beexpected.3Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D20-1265. ContactASTM CustomerService at serviceastm.org.D615
33、0 16210.2 BiasAt the time of the study, there was no acceptedreference material suitable for determining the bias for this testmethod, therefore no statement on bias is being made.10.3 The precision statement was determined through sta-tistical examination of 234 results, from 6 laboratories, on the
34、13 materials described as follows:Sample 1: 50 PHR Butyl Benzyl Phthalate formulationSample 2: 75 PHR Butyl Benzyl Phthalate formulationSample 3: 100 PHR Butyl Benzyl Phthalate formulationSample 4: 50 PHR Di 2-Ethyl Hexyl Phthalate formulationSample 5: 75 PHR Di 2-Ethyl Hexyl Phthalate formulationSa
35、mple 6: 100 PHR Di 2-Ethyl Hexyl Phthalate formulationSample 7: 50 PHR Di Iso Decyl Phthalate formulationSample 8: 75 PHR Di Iso Decyl Phthalate formulationSample 9: 100 PHR Di Iso Decyl Phthalate formulationSample 10: 75 PHR Di 2-Ethyl Hexyl Phthalate formulation with 25 PHRCaCO3Sample 11: 75 PHR D
36、i 2-Ethyl Hexyl Phthalate formulation with 50 PHRCaCO3Sample 12: 75 PHR Di 2-Ethyl Hexyl Phthalate formulation with 3 PHRmineral spiritsSample 13: 75 PHR Di 2-Ethyl Hexyl Phthalate formulation with 6 PHRmineral spirits11. Keywords11.1 organosol; plastisol; poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC); vola-tilesSUMMA
37、RY OF CHANGESCommittee D20 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (D6150 - 15)that may impact the use of this standard. (May 1, 2016)(1) Revised Section 10 to include reproducibility.Committee D20 has identified the location of selected changes to this
38、standard since the last issue (D6150 - 09)that may impact the use of this standard. (September 1, 2015)(1) Updated subcommittee information to include “SectionD20.15.07 on Vinyl Chloride Polymers.”(2) Subsection 5.1Changed “influences” to “influence” tomatch plural subject.(3) Subsection 7.1Clarifie
39、d to indicate that the plastisol/organosol is already made but needs to be checked forhomogeneity for use in the method.(4) Subsection 7.3Moved first two sentences to a note andchanged “accurate” to “representative.”(5) Subsection 7.4Removed “should.”ASTM International takes no position respecting t
40、he validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard
41、is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International H
42、eadquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This
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