ASTM D6256 D6256M-1999(2005) Standard Specification for Wood-Cleated Shipping Boxes and Skidded Load-Bearing Bases《沿滑道拖运的、承载负荷情况下和木条加固的船运箱的标准规范》.pdf

1、Designation: D 6256/D 6256M 99 (Reapproved 2005)Standard Specification forWood-Cleated Shipping Boxes with Skidded, Load-BearingBases1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6256/D 6256M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the

2、 case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the fabrication of new wood-cleated boxes with skidded, load

3、-bearing bases. Boxes coveredby this specification are designed for nonregulated domesticand overseas shipment of loads less than 2500 lb 1134 kg andnot greater than 16 ft 4877 mm in length (see 9.1). Regulatedcommodities shipments may require better boxes than thosespecified herein (see 9.2).1.2 Th

4、e performance of wood-cleated boxes with skidded,load-bearing bases is dependent on their fabricated compo-nents; therefore, a variety of types, styles, and classes reflectingvaried performance are specified. This specification, however,does not cover box performance under all atmosphere, han-dling,

5、 shipping and storage conditions.1.3 If the use of other construction methods or techniquesare acceptable and permitted (see 5.1.18), the resulting pack-aging systems shall be of equal or better performance thanwould result from the use of these specified materials andprocedures. The appropriate dis

6、tribution cycle specified inPractice D 4169 can be used to develop comparative proce-dures and criteria.1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, theSI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in eachsystem are not e

7、xact equivalents; therefore, each system mustbe used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.See IEEE/ASTM SI 10 for conversion of units.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated

8、 with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of the standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-mentsD 1

9、990 Practice for Establishing Allowable Properties forVisually-Graded Dimension Lumber from In-Grade Testsof Full-Size SpecimensD 3951 Practice for Commercial PackagingD 3953 Specification for Strapping, Flat Steel and SealsD 4169 Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Con-tainers and SystemsD

10、 4727/D 4727M Specification for Corrugated and SolidFiberboard Sheet Stock (Container Grade) and Cut ShapesD 6251/D 6251M Specification for Wood-Cleated Panel-board Shipping BoxesD 6039 Specification for Crates, Wood, Open and CoveredD 6199 Practice for Quality of Wood Members of Contain-ers and Pal

11、letsF 1667 Specification for Driven Fasteners: Nails, Spikes,and StaplesIEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for Use of the InternationalSystem of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System2.2 Federal Specifications:3TT-W-572 Wood Preservative: Water-RepellentPPP-B-601 Boxes, Wood, Cleated-Plywood2.3 Code of Federal

12、Regulations:4CFR Parts 107180 Title 49, Hazardous Materials Regula-tions1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 onPackaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.12 on ShippingContainers, Crates, Pallets, Skids and Related Structures.Current edition approve

13、d April 1, 2005. Published April 2005. Originallyapproved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D 6256/D 6256M 99.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information

14、, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from the Federal Supply Service Bureau, Specification Section, Suite8100, 480 LEnfant Plaza, SW, Washington, DC 20408.4Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail

15、Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.2.4 APAThe Engineered Wood Association Standard:5PS1-95 Construction and Industrial Plywood2.5 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)Standards:6

16、B18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and ScrewsInch SeriesB18.2.2 Square and Hex Nuts (Inch Series)B18.2.3.8M Metric Hex Lag ScrewsB18.2.4.2M Metric Hex Nuts, Style 2B18.5 Round Head Bolts (Inch Series)B18.5.2.2M Metric Round Head Square Neck BoltsB18.22M Metric Plain WashersB18.22.1 Plain Washers2.6 Hardwo

17、od Plywood and Veneer Association Standard:7HPVA HP-1-1994 Hardwood and Decorative Plywood2.7 National Motor Freight Traffc Association Standard:8National Motor Freight Classification2.8 Uniform Classification Committee Standard:9Uniform Freight Classification3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsGeneral def

18、initions for packaging and dis-tribution environments are found in Terminology D 996.4. Classification4.1 Type:4.1.1 Type IPlywood base (see Fig. 1).4.1.2 Type IILumber base (see Fig. 1).4.2 Class:4.2.1 Class 1Domestic.4.2.2 Class 2Overseas.4.3 Style:5Available from APAThe Engineered Wood Associatio

19、n, 7011 S. 19th St., P.O.Box 11700, Tacoma, WA 984110700.6Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, AmericanNational Standard Institute (ANSI) adopted.7Available from Hardwood Plywood and Veneer Associati

20、on, P.O. Box 2789,Reston, VA 220900789, American National Standards Institute (ANSI) adopted.8Available from National Motor Freight Traffic Association, 2200 Mill Rd.,Alexandria, VA 22302.9Available from the Uniform Classification Committee, Tariff Publishing Of-ficer, 151 Ellis St. N.E., Suite 200,

21、 Atlanta, GA 30335.FIG. 1 Base TypesD 6256/D 6256M 99 (2005)24.3.1 Style ARegular cleating arrangement (see Fig. 2).4.3.2 Style BLock corner cleating arrangement (see Fig.2).4.4 Treatment:4.4.1 Treatment AWithout preservative treatment.4.4.2 Treatment BWith preservative treatment.5. Ordering Informa

22、tion5.1 Purchasers should select the preferred permitted optionsand include the following information in procurement docu-ments:5.1.1 Specification title, number, and date.5.1.2 Box type, style, and class required (see Section 4).FIG. 2 Box StylesD 6256/D 6256M 99 (2005)35.1.3 Type of base flooring

23、(see Section 4).5.1.4 When plywood is sanded or treated (see 4.4 and 6.1.2).5.1.5 If beveling of skids is required (see 6.2).5.1.6 Contents weight (see Table 1).5.1.7 If rubbing strips are required (see 6.2.4).5.1.8 Type of superstructure (see 6.2.5).5.1.9 Joist requirement (see 6.2.5.2).5.1.10 Box

24、inside dimensions specified in inches millime-ters to the nearest12 in. 13 mm in order of length by widthby height (see 7.1).5.1.11 Whether boxes are to be shipped assembled orknocked-down (see 7.4.2 and 8.1).5.1.12 When corner straps are required (see 7.4.2.4).5.1.13 Whether ventilation holes or sl

25、ots are required (see7.5).5.1.14 Whether special packing is required (see 8.3).5.1.15 Whether special marking is required (see 8.3).5.1.16 Load condition (see Figs. 3 and 4).5.1.17 Whether a regulated materials box is required (see9.2).5.1.17.1 Physical characteristics of load, including contentsdim

26、ensions, weight, and density.5.1.17.2 Whether a test report is required.5.1.18 Whether other construction methods or techniquesare acceptable and permitted (see 1.3).5.1.18.1 Whether proof that other construction methods ortechniques are acceptable (see 1.3) is required.6. Materials and Manufacture6

27、.1 MaterialsIt is encouraged that recycled material beused when practical. All recovered, recycled, or virgin mate-rials used in box manufacturing shall meet the requirements ofthis specification and the referenced documents. In addition,materials shall not affect or be affected by the product being

28、packed. Fiberboard panelboard shall have no more than 40 %post-consumer recovered material.6.1.1 LumberLumber for all components shall conform toPractice D 6199. Lumber for superstructure components shallconform to the requirements for cleated panel boxes, Specifi-cation D 6251/D 6251M, and lumber f

29、or base components tothose for crates, Specification D 6039, and shall conform tocommercial standards in accordance with Practice D 1990.6.1.2 PlywoodUnless otherwise specified, plywood usedin the fabrication of Class 1 boxes shall conform to ANSI/HPVAHP-1-1994, Type II, Grade 3-4; orAPAPS1-95, Inte

30、rior,Grade C-D. Plywood used to fabricate Class 2 boxes shallconform to ANSI/HPVA HP-1-1994, Type I, Grade 3-4; APAPS1-95, Interior with Exterior Glue; or APA PS1-95, Exterior,Grade C-C. Plywood is furnished unsanded and untreated (see5.1.4). Water repellent conforming to TT-W-572, or a commer-cial

31、equivalent, shall be used when treatment is specified (see4.4 and 5.1.4).6.1.3 FiberboardUnless otherwise specified, fiberboardshall conform to Specification D 4727/D 4727M. Class 1 boxesshall be fabricated from Type SF, Class Domestic, Grade 500or 600. Class 2 boxes shall be fabricated from Type SF

32、, Class Weather-Resistant, Grade V2s, V3s, or V4s.6.1.4 FastenersNails and staples shall be steel and con-form to Specification F 1667. Unclinched nails shall becement-coated or chemically etched. Lag bolts shall be inFIG. 3 Load Conditions A, B, and CFIG. 4 Load Conditions D and ED 6256/D 6256M 99

33、(2005)4accordance with ASME B18.2.1 (B18.2.3.8M). Round headsquare neck bolts, black oxide-coated, shall be in accordancewith ASME B18.5 (B18.5.2.2M). Mating nuts shall be ASMEB18.2.2 (B18.2.4.2M). Lag and round head square neck boltwashers shall conform to ASME B18.22.1 (B18.22M).TABLE 1 Skid Nomin

34、al SizesAand Maximum LengthsContentsWeightlb kgLoadBConditionNominal SizesAin. mm2by4 2by6 2by8 4by4 4by6 6by638 by 89 38 by 140 38 by 184 89 by 89 89 by 140 140 by 140Skid Max Length ft mm0100 A 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .045 4877B 16 . . . . .4877C 16 . . . . .4877D 16 . . . . .4877E 16 . . .

35、 . .4877101200 A 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45.890.7 4877B 16 . . . . .4877C 16 . . . . .4877D 16 . . . . .4877E 16 . . . . .4877201400 A 11 15 16 . . . . . . . . .91.2181.4 3353 4572 4877B 13 16 . . . .3962 4877C 8 12 16 . . .2438 3658 4877D 10 15 16 . . .3048 4572 4877E 13 16 . . . .3962 4877

36、401600 A 8 11 14 16 . . . . . .181.9272.2 2438 3353 4267 4877B 9 14 16 . . .2743 4267 4877C 5 8 11 16 . .1524 2438 3353 4877D 7 10 14 16 . . . . . .2134 3048 4267 4877E 9 14 16 . . .2743 4267 4877601800 A 7 9 11 16 . . . . . .272.6363 2134 2743 3353 4877B 7 10 14 16 . . . . . .2134 3048 4267 4877C 4

37、 6 8 16 . .1219 1829 2438 4877D 5 8 10 16 . .1524 2438 3048 4877E 7 10 14 16 . . . . . .2134 3048 4267 48778011000 A 6 8 10 16 . . . . . .363.3453.6 1829 2438 3048 4877B 5 8 11 16 . .1524 2438 3353 4877C 3 5 7 16 . .914 1524 2134 4877D 4 6 8 16 . .1219 1829 2438 4877E 5 8 11 16 . .1524 2438 3353 487

38、7D 6256/D 6256M 99 (2005)5TABLE 1 ContinuedContentsWeightlb kgLoadBConditionNominal SizesAin. mm2by4 2by6 2by8 4by4 4by6 6by638 by 89 38 by 140 38 by 184 89 by 89 89 by 140 140 by 140Skid Max Length ft mm10011200 A 6 7 8 16 . . . . . .454544.3 1829 2134 2438 4877B 4 7 9 16 . .1219 2134 2743 4877C 3

39、4 5 13 16 . . .914 1219 1524 3962 4877D 3 5 7 16 . .914 1524 2134 4877E 4 7 9 16 . .1219 2134 2743 487712011400 A 5 7 8 14 16 . . .544.8635 1524 2134 2438 4267 4877B 5 6 8 16 . .1524 1829 2438 4877C 0 4 5 11 16 .0 1219 1524 3353 4877D 3 4 6 14 16 . . .914 1219 1829 4267 4877E 5 6 8 16 . .1524 1829 2

40、438 487714011600 A 5 6 7 13 16 . . .635.5725.7 1524 1829 2134 3962 4877B 3 5 7 16 . .914 1524 2134 4877C 0 3 4 18 15 160 914 1219 5486 4572 4877D 3 4 5 12 16 . . .914 1219 1524 3658 4877E 3 5 7 16 . .914 1524 2134 487716011800 A 5 6 7 12 16 . . .726.2816.5 1524 1829 2134 3658 4877B 3 5 6 15 16 . . .

41、914 1524 1829 4572 4877C034 914160 914 1219 2743 4267 4877D 0 3 4 11 16 .0 914 1219 3353 4877E 3 5 6 15 16 . . .914 1524 1829 4572 487718012000 A 4 5 6 11 15 16816.9907.2 1219 1524 1829 3353 4572 4877B 3 4 5 13 16 . . .914 1219 1524 3962 4877C003 812160 0 914 2438 3658 4877D 0 3 4 10 15 160 914 1219

42、 3048 4572 4877E 3 4 5 13 16 . . .914 1219 1524 3962 487720012200 A 4 5 6 10 14 16907.6997.9 1219 1524 1829 3048 4267 4877B 0 4 5 12 16 . . .0 1219 1524 3658 4877C003 71160 0 914 2134 3353 4877D034 9 40 914 1219 2743 4267 4877E 0 4 5 12 16 . . .0 1219 1524 3658 487722012400 A 4 5 6 10 13 16998.41088

43、.6 1219 1524 1829 3048 3962 4877B 0 3 4 11 16 160 914 1219 3353 4877 4877C003 710160 0 914 2134 3048 4877D 6256/D 6256M 99 (2005)6TABLE 1 ContinuedContentsWeightlb kgLoadBConditionNominal SizesAin. mm2by4 2by6 2by8 4by4 4by6 6by638 by 89 38 by 140 38 by 184 89 by 89 89 by 140 140 by 140Skid Max Leng

44、th ft mmD003 813160 0 914 2438 3962 4877E 0 3 4 11 16 .0 914 1219 3353 487724012500 A 4 5 6 9 13 161089.11134 1219 1524 1829 2743 3962 4877B 0 3 4 10 16 . . .0 914 1219 3048 4877C003 610160 0 914 1829 3048 4877D0 8 20 0 914 2438 3658 4877E 0 3 4 10 16 . . .0 914 1219 3048 4877ASee 7.1 for definition

45、.BThe load condition is determined by the manner in which the load is applied to the skids (see Figs. 3 and 4).6.2 Base ComponentsThe base components are illustratedin Fig. 1. Lumber used in the skids shall be in accordance withthe requirements of 6.1.1 except that Group I Woods shall notbe used. Th

46、e skid dimensions shall be as shown in Table 1, andthose with rectangular cross-sections are intended to be usedflatwise. For boxes whose outside width does not exceed 36 in.914 mm, two skids shall be required. When the outside widthexceeds 36 in. 914 mm, a third skid conforming to Table 1shall be p

47、laced equidistant between and parallel with the outerskids. When specified (see 5.1.5), the lower one-third of eachskid end and the adjacent side panel corner shall be beveled 456 5. Lumber used for load-bearing floor members shall be inaccordance with the requirements of 6.1.1 and shall be selectedin accordance with Table 2. When the container width is 24 in.610 mm or less, the length 36 to 60 in. 914 to 1524 mm, andheight is 72 in. 1829 mm or g