1、Designation: D 6346 98 (Reapproved 2004)Standard Guide forAccepting, Segregating and Packaging Materials CollectedThrough Household Hazardous Waste Programs1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6346; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adop
2、tion or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide covers Household Hazardous Waste (HHW)programs for accepting
3、, segregating and packaging materialscollected through HHW programs to minimize the risk asso-ciated with managing these materials and to identify applicableregulations. This guide does not address storing, vehicleloading or transporting collected and packaged materials. Thisguide does not attempt t
4、o define the hazardous nature ofmaterials.1.2 Certain existing local, state and federal regulationsapply to HHW program operations. This guide does not replacethese existing regulations, and is not intended to be used as thebasis for regulations for HHW Programs. This guide does notreference all app
5、licable applications, since applicable regula-tions will vary. HHW Programs should research all applicableregulations before establishing a materials collection program.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility o
6、f the user of this guide to establish appropriatesafety and health practices and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR):Title 49, Transportation, Parts 1711782CFR Title 40, Protection of Environment, Part 261.523
7、. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 bulkingthe act of emptying multiple containers ofcompatible materials and mixing those materials together in asingle package unit destined for shipment. This would alsoinclude material placed in storage tanks to be packaged forshipment at a later date, or pumped in
8、to a bulk tank truck forshipment.3.1.2 consolidationthe act of combining two or morematerials to make a single package unit. Common types ofconsolidation packaging used by HHW programs include:bulking, lab packaging, and composite packaging.3.1.3 package or outside packagea package plus itscontents.
9、3.1.4 packaginga receptacle and any other components ormaterials (drums, boxes, liners, absorbents, etc.) necessary forthe receptacle to perform its containment function in conform-ance with the minimum packing requirements of 40 CFR 171,172, 173.4. Significance and Use4.1 This guide is intended to
10、provide general guidance toHHW programs for accepting and segregating materials, se-lecting a management method, and packaging materials col-lected by HHW programs.5. Procedure5.1 Accepting MaterialsHHW Programs should establisha list of materials that will be accepted at its facilities or eventcoll
11、ections. The list should be distributed to the public prior tothe facility opening or event collection. Types of materialscommonly collected by HHW Programs include:5.1.1 Materials that exhibit a hazardous characteristic, asdefined in 40 CFR 261.5, such as ignitability, toxicity, corro-sivity, oxidi
12、zer, reactivity, or are a listed hazardous waste;5.1.2 Materials prohibited from local municipal waste man-agement systems; and5.1.3 Materials collected to provide a convenience or publicservice to a community.5.1.4 HHW Programs will need to establish traffic flow,vehicle unloading and safety proced
13、ures. All personnel in-volved with material acceptance should receive training inmaterial identification, proper lifting procedures, safety andpersonnel protective equipment.5.1.5 Leaking containers should be repackaged immediatelyinto a container that is compatible with the material in thecontainer
14、.5.1.6 Unlabeled containers should be segregated from otherwastes. The individual who brought the container should beinterviewed to assist in identification. Any further categoriza-tion and identification of the material should be completed assoon as possible. A hazardous materials contractor or tra
15、inedstaff could perform tests to identify the materials.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on WasteManagement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.03.02 onMunicipal Recovery and Reuse.Current edition approved Dec. 10, 1998. Published February 1999.2Available
16、from U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.2 Segregating MaterialsAs the materials are collectedthey should be segregated into general categories based onDOT incompatibility
17、 and packaging regulations.5.2.1 Commonly Collected MaterialsDOT classifies ma-terials generated from households as a consumer commodity,which exempts them from DOT regulations. The materialslisted below are sub-categories of DOT classes and are notintended to be all inclusive, but a guide to the mo
18、st commonmaterials collected by HHW programs.Oil Based Paint Water Based (latex) Paint/SealerFuels AntifreezeCorrosive Acids Corrosive BasesCyanides DioxinsPesticide Liquids (including herbicides) Pesticide Solids (including herbicides)Flammables and Chlorinated Products Organic PeroxidesOxidizers R
19、eactive SolidsArsenic/Heavy Metals Mercury CompoundsPCB Containing Devices Motor OilCompressed gas cylinders AerosolsBatteries Fluorescent and HID lamps5.2.1.1 Once a material is collected by a HHW program, itshould be handled in an appropriate manner based on whetherit exhibits a hazardous characte
20、ristic. A material that exhibits ahazardous characteristic or meets the definition of a listedhazardous waste or material should be transported in accor-dance with DOT regulations for its specific hazard class.5.2.2 Materials Requiring Special HandlingThe materialslisted below require special handli
21、ng. HHW Programs do nottypically promote accepting these materials through theirprograms. However, these materials are brought to collectionfacilities and it is wise to be prepared to refer people to theappropriate local management option or to handle the materialsat the facility. Management options
22、 are suggested below forthese materials. The handling of these materials should beaddressed in the site safety and emergency response plan forthe facility.5.2.2.1 Explosives, Ammunition or FireworksContact lo-cal law enforcement or bomb squad.5.2.2.2 Radioactive MaterialsRefer to appropriate man-age
23、ment option or contact Nuclear Regulatory Commission.5.2.2.3 Friable Asbestos Refer to local management fa-cility or accept in accordance with local, state and federalregulations.5.2.2.4 Medical/Infectious MaterialsRefer to local man-agement option or accept in accordance with local, state andfedera
24、l regulations.5.2.2.5 Consumer Electronics and AppliancesThese itemsmay have hazardous components and should be handled by alocal handler, or may be managed through the HHW program.5.2.3 Incompatibility and Segregation of MaterialsIncompatible materials, when mixed, generate chemical reac-tions whic
25、h may result in serious safety and health concerns.These include toxic gas generation, heat generation, flammablegas generation, fire, explosion, or polymerization of materials.Containers of incompatible materials should be adequatelyseparated using bins, drums, dikes, walls or other devices, suchth
26、at mixing of incompatible materials is prevented in the eventof a spill, or a break or leak in a container.5.2.3.1 Material and container segregation proceduresshould be established before waste is accepted. Proceduresshould be based on the type of materials accepted, facilitydesign and facility ope
27、ration. Personnel responsible for segre-gating wastes should be properly trained in chemical manage-ment and safety. The following list gives only general guidanceon incompatible categories of materials.Always Segregate: From:Acids Bases, cyanidesOxidizers FlammablesCyanides Acids, oxidizers5.3 Sele
28、cting a Management Method for CollectedMaterialsPrior to consolidating materials, the ultimate man-agement method for the material should be considered. Themanagement method selected may affect how the materials willbe packaged. Common management practices include: reuse,recycling, energy recovery,
29、on-site treatment, incineration, landdisposal, and waste water treatment.5.3.1 When selecting the most appropriate material manage-ment method, HHW Programs should consider several factors,including:5.3.1.1 Compliance with permitting requirements and local,state and federal regulations (especially w
30、hen performingon-site treatment of materials);5.3.1.2 Operational or structural limitations at facilities orevent collections (that is, no product reuse available on-site, noconnection to sewer treatment facility, limited space);5.3.1.3 Personnel training and expertise;5.3.1.4 Consideration of a mat
31、erials management hierarchythat favors reuse, recycling, and energy or material recoveryover incineration or land disposal;5.3.1.5 Cost;5.3.1.6 Potential liability related to each managementmethod; and5.3.1.7 Contractual or contractor restrictions or preferences.5.4 Packaging Collected MaterialsColl
32、ected materialsneed to be packaged or handled according to facility standards,local, state and federal regulations. Materials managementcontractors may also have specific packaging protocol thatmust be followed so that they can properly and efficientlyprocess materials at their facilities. Unlabeled
33、 containers orquestionable materials should not be packaged until they areproperly identified.5.4.1 On-site Management Options and Packaging:5.4.1.1 ReuseUsable materials in original containers thatare offered to local residents or organizations during an eventcollection or at a permanent site shoul
34、d be left in their originalcontainers. This allows users to reference original label infor-mation for proper use, and preserves the manufacturersproduct liability.5.4.1.2 Paints or other materials may be bulked into largercontainers. However, the HHW Program may be considered tobe engaging in a manu
35、facturing operation when this is done.5.4.1.3 RecycleIf materials are to be recycled on-site,they do not need to be packaged according to DOT protocol.Some items may be bulked or packaged into larger containersaccording to facility protocol and local regulations.D 6346 98 (2004)25.4.1.4 Treatment or
36、 Disposal on-SiteMany water-basedcleaners and non-hazardous liquid materials may be sewered ifthe site is connected to the local wastewater treatment plant andhas permission from the plant to do so. Some acids and basesmay also be neutralized and sewered on-site in accordance withlocal or state regu
37、lations. Materials do not need to be packagedaccording to DOT protocol if treated or sewered on-site. A sitesafety or operational plan should be developed to describe indetail the process used to treat or dispose of wastes on-site.5.4.1.5 Non-hazardous solids may be disposed of using thefacilitys so
38、lid waste management service and container.5.4.1.6 Energy Recovery If an energy recovery option isavailable on-site (that is, used oil furnace, municipal solidwaste incinerator), the material should be handled and pack-aged according to the facilitys standard protocol and allapplicable regulations.5
39、.4.2 Off-Site Management and PackagingMaterials thatwill be shipped off-site for further management at recycling,energy recovery, incineration or land disposal facilities shouldconform to DOT regulations. Therefore, it makes sense toinitially package all materials which will leave the site inaccorda
40、nce with DOT regulations. These packaging methodsare fully detailed in DOT regulations, 49CFR Parts 171178.These regulations describe the specific container types, pack-aging procedures, and container labeling required for eachsub-category of material identified in 5.2.1. HHW Programsthat intend to
41、package their own materials need to becomefamiliar with DOT regulations in order to properly packagematerials. Programs may also hire trained contractors toperform packaging on-site.6. Keywords6.1 compatibility; household hazardous waste; incompat-ibility; packaging; segregationASTM International ta
42、kes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own r
43、esponsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addre
44、ssed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at t
45、he address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 6346 98 (2004)3
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