1、Designation: D6346 98 (Reapproved 2009)Standard Guide forAccepting, Segregating and Packaging Materials CollectedThrough Household Hazardous Waste Programs1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6346; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adopti
2、on or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide covers Household Hazardous Waste (HHW)programs for accepting, s
3、egregating and packaging materialscollected through HHW programs to minimize the risk asso-ciated with managing these materials and to identify applicableregulations. This guide does not address storing, vehicleloading or transporting collected and packaged materials. Thisguide does not attempt to d
4、efine the hazardous nature ofmaterials.1.2 Certain existing local, state and federal regulationsapply to HHW program operations. This guide does not replacethese existing regulations, and is not intended to be used as thebasis for regulations for HHW Programs. This guide does notreference all applic
5、able applications, since applicable regula-tions will vary. HHW Programs should research all applicableregulations before establishing a materials collection program.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of t
6、he user of this guide to establish appropriatesafety and health practices and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR):2Title 49, Transportation, Parts 171178CFR Title 40, Protection of Environment, Part 261.53. Te
7、rminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 bulkingthe act of emptying multiple containers ofcompatible materials and mixing those materials together in asingle package unit destined for shipment. This would alsoinclude material placed in storage tanks to be packaged forshipment at a later date, or pumped into a
8、 bulk tank truck forshipment.3.1.2 consolidationthe act of combining two or morematerials to make a single package unit. Common types ofconsolidation packaging used by HHW programs include:bulking, lab packaging, and composite packaging.3.1.3 package or outside packagea package plus itscontents.3.1.
9、4 packaginga receptacle and any other components ormaterials (drums, boxes, liners, absorbents, etc.) necessary forthe receptacle to perform its containment function in conform-ance with the minimum packing requirements of 40 CFR 171,172, 173.4. Significance and Use4.1 This guide is intended to prov
10、ide general guidance toHHW programs for accepting and segregating materials, se-lecting a management method, and packaging materials col-lected by HHW programs.5. Procedure5.1 Accepting MaterialsHHW Programs should establisha list of materials that will be accepted at its facilities or eventcollecti
11、ons. The list should be distributed to the public prior tothe facility opening or event collection. Types of materialscommonly collected by HHW Programs include:5.1.1 Materials that exhibit a hazardous characteristic, asdefined in 40 CFR 261.5, such as ignitability, toxicity, corro-sivity, oxidizer,
12、 reactivity, or are a listed hazardous waste;5.1.2 Materials prohibited from local municipal waste man-agement systems; and5.1.3 Materials collected to provide a convenience or publicservice to a community.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on WasteManagement and is the dire
13、ct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.03 on Treatment,Recovery and Reuse.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2009. Published November 2009. Originallyapproved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D63461998(2004).DOI: 10.1520/D6346-98R09.2Available from U.S. Government Printing Office, Wa
14、shington, DC.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.1.4 HHW Programs will need to establish traffic flow,vehicle unloading and safety procedures. All personnel in-volved with material acceptance should receive training inm
15、aterial identification, proper lifting procedures, safety andpersonnel protective equipment.5.1.5 Leaking containers should be repackaged immediatelyinto a container that is compatible with the material in thecontainer.5.1.6 Unlabeled containers should be segregated from otherwastes. The individual
16、who brought the container should beinterviewed to assist in identification. Any further categoriza-tion and identification of the material should be completed assoon as possible. A hazardous materials contractor or trainedstaff could perform tests to identify the materials.5.2 Segregating MaterialsA
17、s the materials are collectedthey should be segregated into general categories based onDOT incompatibility and packaging regulations.5.2.1 Commonly Collected MaterialsDOT classifies ma-terials generated from households as a consumer commodity,which exempts them from DOT regulations. The materialslis
18、ted below are sub-categories of DOT classes and are notintended to be all inclusive, but a guide to the most commonmaterials collected by HHW programs.Oil Based Paint Water Based (latex) Paint/SealerFuels AntifreezeCorrosive Acids Corrosive BasesCyanides DioxinsPesticide Liquids (including herbicide
19、s) Pesticide Solids (including herbicides)Flammables and Chlorinated Products Organic PeroxidesOxidizers Reactive SolidsArsenic/Heavy Metals Mercury CompoundsPCB Containing Devices Motor OilCompressed gas cylinders AerosolsBatteries Fluorescent and HID lamps5.2.1.1 Once a material is collected by a
20、HHW program, itshould be handled in an appropriate manner based on whetherit exhibits a hazardous characteristic. A material that exhibits ahazardous characteristic or meets the definition of a listedhazardous waste or material should be transported in accor-dance with DOT regulations for its specif
21、ic hazard class.5.2.2 Materials Requiring Special HandlingThe materialslisted below require special handling. HHW Programs do nottypically promote accepting these materials through theirprograms. However, these materials are brought to collectionfacilities and it is wise to be prepared to refer peop
22、le to theappropriate local management option or to handle the materialsat the facility. Management options are suggested below forthese materials. The handling of these materials should beaddressed in the site safety and emergency response plan forthe facility.5.2.2.1 Explosives, Ammunition or Firew
23、orksContact lo-cal law enforcement or bomb squad.5.2.2.2 Radioactive MaterialsRefer to appropriate man-agement option or contact Nuclear Regulatory Commission.5.2.2.3 Friable Asbestos Refer to local management fa-cility or accept in accordance with local, state and federalregulations.5.2.2.4 Medical
24、/Infectious MaterialsRefer to local man-agement option or accept in accordance with local, state andfederal regulations.5.2.2.5 Consumer Electronics and AppliancesThese itemsmay have hazardous components and should be handled by alocal handler, or may be managed through the HHW program.5.2.3 Incompa
25、tibility and Segregation of MaterialsIncompatible materials, when mixed, generate chemical reac-tions which may result in serious safety and health concerns.These include toxic gas generation, heat generation, flammablegas generation, fire, explosion, or polymerization of materials.Containers of inc
26、ompatible materials should be adequatelyseparated using bins, drums, dikes, walls or other devices, suchthat mixing of incompatible materials is prevented in the eventof a spill, or a break or leak in a container.5.2.3.1 Material and container segregation proceduresshould be established before waste
27、 is accepted. Proceduresshould be based on the type of materials accepted, facilitydesign and facility operation. Personnel responsible for segre-gating wastes should be properly trained in chemical manage-ment and safety. The following list gives only general guidanceon incompatible categories of m
28、aterials.Always Segregate: From:Acids Bases, cyanidesOxidizers FlammablesCyanides Acids, oxidizers5.3 Selecting a Management Method for CollectedMaterialsPrior to consolidating materials, the ultimate man-agement method for the material should be considered. Themanagement method selected may affect
29、how the materials willbe packaged. Common management practices include: reuse,recycling, energy recovery, on-site treatment, incineration, landdisposal, and waste water treatment.5.3.1 When selecting the most appropriate material manage-ment method, HHW Programs should consider several factors,inclu
30、ding:5.3.1.1 Compliance with permitting requirements and local,state and federal regulations (especially when performingon-site treatment of materials);5.3.1.2 Operational or structural limitations at facilities orevent collections (that is, no product reuse available on-site, noconnection to sewer
31、treatment facility, limited space);5.3.1.3 Personnel training and expertise;5.3.1.4 Consideration of a materials management hierarchythat favors reuse, recycling, and energy or material recoveryover incineration or land disposal;5.3.1.5 Cost;5.3.1.6 Potential liability related to each managementmeth
32、od; and5.3.1.7 Contractual or contractor restrictions or preferences.5.4 Packaging Collected MaterialsCollected materialsneed to be packaged or handled according to facility standards,local, state and federal regulations. Materials managementcontractors may also have specific packaging protocol that
33、must be followed so that they can properly and efficientlyprocess materials at their facilities. Unlabeled containers orquestionable materials should not be packaged until they areproperly identified.D6346 98 (2009)25.4.1 On-site Management Options and Packaging:5.4.1.1 ReuseUsable materials in orig
34、inal containers thatare offered to local residents or organizations during an eventcollection or at a permanent site should be left in their originalcontainers. This allows users to reference original label infor-mation for proper use, and preserves the manufacturersproduct liability.5.4.1.2 Paints
35、or other materials may be bulked into largercontainers. However, the HHW Program may be considered tobe engaging in a manufacturing operation when this is done.5.4.1.3 RecycleIf materials are to be recycled on-site,they do not need to be packaged according to DOT protocol.Some items may be bulked or
36、 packaged into larger containersaccording to facility protocol and local regulations.5.4.1.4 Treatment or Disposal on-SiteMany water-basedcleaners and non-hazardous liquid materials may be sewered ifthe site is connected to the local wastewater treatment plant andhas permission from the plant to do
37、so. Some acids and basesmay also be neutralized and sewered on-site in accordance withlocal or state regulations. Materials do not need to be packagedaccording to DOT protocol if treated or sewered on-site. A sitesafety or operational plan should be developed to describe indetail the process used to
38、 treat or dispose of wastes on-site.5.4.1.5 Non-hazardous solids may be disposed of using thefacilitys solid waste management service and container.5.4.1.6 Energy Recovery If an energy recovery option isavailable on-site (that is, used oil furnace, municipal solidwaste incinerator), the material sho
39、uld be handled and pack-aged according to the facilitys standard protocol and allapplicable regulations.5.4.2 Off-Site Management and PackagingMaterials thatwill be shipped off-site for further management at recycling,energy recovery, incineration or land disposal facilities shouldconform to DOT reg
40、ulations. Therefore, it makes sense toinitially package all materials which will leave the site inaccordance with DOT regulations. These packaging methodsare fully detailed in DOT regulations, 49CFR Parts 171178.These regulations describe the specific container types, pack-aging procedures, and cont
41、ainer labeling required for eachsub-category of material identified in 5.2.1. HHW Programsthat intend to package their own materials need to becomefamiliar with DOT regulations in order to properly packagematerials. Programs may also hire trained contractors toperform packaging on-site.6. Keywords6.
42、1 compatibility; household hazardous waste; incompat-ibility; packaging; segregationASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the
43、 validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your
44、 comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments
45、have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D6346 98 (2009)3
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