ASTM D6371-2005(2010) 4375 Standard Test Method for Cold Filter Plugging Point of Diesel and Heating Fuels《柴油机和加热燃料冷过滤器接插点的标准试验方法》.pdf

1、Designation: D6371 05 (Reapproved 2010)Standard Test Method forCold Filter Plugging Point of Diesel and Heating Fuels1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6371; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the ye

2、ar of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the coldfilter plugging point (CFPP) temperature of diesel and dome

3、s-tic heating fuels using either manual or automated apparatus.NOTE 1This test method is technically equivalent to test methodsIP 309 and EN 116.1.2 The manual apparatus and automated apparatus are bothsuitable for referee purposes.1.3 This test method is applicable to distillate fuels, includ-ing t

4、hose containing a flow-improving or other additive,intended for use in diesel engines and domestic heatinginstallations.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.5 WARNINGMercury has been designated by manyregulatory

5、 agencies as a hazardous material that can causecentral nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, orits vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive tomaterials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury andmercury containing products. See the applicable product Ma-terial Safety Data

6、Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPAswebsitehttp:/www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htmfor addi-tional information. Users should be aware that selling mercuryand/or mercury containing products into your state or countrymay be prohibited by law.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concern

7、s, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specificwarning statements, see Section 7.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standa

8、rds:2D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum ProductsD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD5771 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products(Optical Detection Stepped Cooling Method)D5

9、772 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products(Linear Cooling Rate Method)D5773 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products(Constant Cooling Rate Method)E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers2.2 IP Standards:3IP 309 Diesel and domestic heating fuels - Determination ofcol

10、d filter plugging pointSpecifications for IP Standard Thermometers2.3 ISO Standards:4IP 3310 Test sieves - Technical requirements and testing -Part 1: Metal cloth2.4 European Standards:5EN 116 Diesel and domestic heating fuels - Determinationof cold filter plugging point3. Terminology3.1 Definitions

11、 of Terms Specific to This Standard:1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.07 on Flow Properties.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2010. Published November 2010. Originallyapproved in 19

12、99. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D637105. DOI:10.1520/D6371-05R10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page o

13、nthe ASTM website.3Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR,U.K., http:/www.energyinst.org.uk.4Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.5Available from European Committee for Standardiz

14、ation (CEN), 36 rue deStassart, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium, http:/www.cenorm.be.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.1 certified reference material, na stable petroleumproduct with a method-specific nominal CFPP value e

15、stab-lished by a method-specific interlaboratory study followingRR:D02-10076guidelines or ISO Guides 34 and 35.43.1.2 cold filter plugging point, nhighest temperature,expressed in multiples of 1C, at which a given volume of fuelfails to pass through a standardized filtration device in aspecified tim

16、e when cooled under the conditions prescribed inthis test method.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 A specimen of the sample is cooled under specifiedconditions and, at intervals of 1C, is drawn into a pipet undera controlled vacuum through a standardized wire mesh filter.The procedure is repeated, as the

17、 specimen continues to cool,for each 1C below the first test temperature. Testing iscontinued until the amount of wax crystals that have separatedout of solution is sufficient to stop or slow down the flow sothat the time taken to fill the pipet exceeds 60 s or the fuel failsto return completely to

18、the test jar before the fuel has cooled bya further 1C.4.2 The indicated temperature at which the last filtrationwas commenced is recorded as the CFPP.5. Significance and Use5.1 The CFPP of a fuel is suitable for estimating the lowesttemperature at which a fuel will give trouble-free flow incertain

19、fuel systems.5.2 In the case of diesel fuel used in European light dutytrucks, the results are usually close to the temperature of failurein service except when the fuel system contains, for example,a paper filter installed in a location exposed to the weather orif the filter plugging temperature is

20、 more than 12C below thecloud point value in accordance with Test Method D2500,D5771, D5772,orD5773. Domestic heating installations areusually less critical and often operate satisfactorily at tempera-tures somewhat lower than those indicated by the test results.5.3 The difference in results obtaine

21、d from the sample asreceived and after heat treatment at 45C for 30 min can beused to investigate complaints of unsatisfactory performanceunder low temperature conditions.6. Apparatus6.1 Manual Apparatus:6.1.1 The apparatus, as detailed in 6.1.2-6.1.13, shall bearranged as shown in Fig. 1.6.1.2 Test

22、 Jar, cylindrical, of clear glass, flat bottomed, withan internal diameter of 31.5 6 0.5 mm, a wall thickness of 1.2560.25 mm and a height of 120 6 5 mm. The jar shall have apermanent mark at the 45 6 1 mL level.NOTE 2Test jars of the required dimensions may be obtained byselection from jars conform

23、ing to Test Method D2500, which specifies awider diameter tolerance.6.1.3 Jacket, brass, watertight, cylindrical, flat bottomed, tobe used as an air bath. It shall have an inside diameter of 45 60.25 mm, outside diameter of 48 6 0.25 mm, and a height of115 6 3 mm (see Fig. 2).6.1.4 Insulating Ring,

24、made from oil-resistant plastics orother suitable material, to be placed in the bottom of the jacket(see 6.1.3) to provide insulation for the bottom of the test jar.It shall fit closely inside the jacket and have a thickness of 6 +0.3 - 0.0 mm.6.1.5 Spacers (two), approximately 5-mm thick, made ofoi

25、l-resistant plastics or other suitable material, to be placed asshown in Fig. 1 around the test jar (see 6.1.2) to provideinsulation for the test jar from the sides of the jacket. Thespacers shall fit closely to the test jar and closely inside thejacket. The use of incomplete rings, each with a 2-mm

26、circumferential gap, will accommodate variations in test jardiameter. The spacers and insulating ring may be made as asingle part as shown in Fig. 3.6.1.6 Supporting Ring, of oil resistant plastics or othersuitable non-metallic, non-absorbent, oil-resistant material,used to suspend the jacket (see 6

27、.1.3) in a stable and uprightposition in the cooling bath and to provide a concentriclocation for the stopper (see 6.1.7). A design is shown in Fig.4 for guidance, but this design may be modified to suit thecooling bath.6.1.7 Stopper, of oil-resistant plastics or other suitablenonmetallic, nonabsorb

28、ent, oil-resistant material, to fit the testjar and the support ring as shown in Fig. 5. It shall have threeholes to accommodate the pipet (see 6.1.8) and the thermom-eter (see 6.1.9) and to allow venting of the system. If necessary,when using the high-range thermometer (see 6.1.9), the upperpart of

29、 the stopper shall have an indentation to permit thethermometer (see 6.1.9) to be read down to a temperature of-30C. A pointer shall be fitted to the upper surface of thestopper to facilitate location of the thermometer in relation to6Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarter

30、s and maybe obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1007.NOTEAll dimensions are in millimetres, and the comma (,) is used asthe decimal point.FIG. 1 Arrangement of Manual CFPP ApparatusD6371 05 (2010)2the bottom of the test jar. A spring wire clip shall be used toretain the thermometer in the

31、correct position.6.1.8 Pipet with Filter Unit:6.1.8.1 Pipet, of clear glass with a calibration mark corre-sponding to a contained volume of 20 6 0.2 mL at a point 1496 0.5 mm from the bottom of the pipet (see Fig. 6). It shall beconnected to the filter unit (see 6.1.8.2).6.1.8.2 Filter Unit (see Fig

32、. 7), containing the followingelements:NOTEAll dimensions are in millimetres, and the comma (,) is used asthe decimal point.FIG. 2 Watertight Brass JacketNOTEAll dimensions are in millimetres, and the comma (,) is used asthe decimal point.FIG. 3 SpacersNOTEAll dimensions are in millimetres, and the

33、comma (,) is used asthe decimal point.FIG. 4 Supporting RingNOTEAll dimensions are in millimetres, and the comma (,) is used asthe decimal point.FIG. 5 Stopper with Holes for Thermometer, Pipet, and VentD6371 05 (2010)3(1) Brass Body, with a threaded cavity that houses the wiremesh holder. The cavit

34、y shall be fitted with an O-ring ofoil-resistant plastics. The internal diameter of the central tubeshall be 4 6 0.1 mm.(2) Brass Screw Cap, to connect the upper part of the bodyof the filter unit (see 6.1.8.2) to the lower part of the pipet (see6.1.8.1) to ensure a leak-free joint. An example of sa

35、tisfactoryconnection is shown in Fig. 7.(3) Disc,156 0.1-mm diameter, of plain weave stainlesssteel wire mesh gauze with a nominal aperture size of 45 m.The nominal diameter of the wire shall be 32 m, and thetolerance for the size of an individual aperture shall be asfollows:No aperture size shall e

36、xceed the nominal size by morethan 22 m.The average aperture size shall be within 6 3.1 m of thenominal size.Not more than 6 % of the apertures shall be above thenominal size by more than 13 m.(4) Filter Holder of Brass, in which the disc of wire meshgauze (see 6.1.8.2 (3) is firmly clamped by a ret

37、aining ringpressed into the filter holder. The diameter of the exposed partof the gauze shall be 12 + 0.1 - 0.0 mm (see Fig. 8).(5) Brass Cylinder, threaded on the outside, that can bescrewed into the cavity of the body (see 6.1.8.2 (1) to clampthe filter holder (see 6.1.8.2 (4) against the O-ring (

38、6.1.8.2(1), The lower end shall have four slots to allow the specimento flow into the filter unit.NOTE 3The requirements for the wire mesh are taken from IP 3310,to which reference may be made for methods for testing the gauze.6.1.9 Thermometers, having ranges shown below and con-forming to the requ

39、irements prescribed in Specification E1 orSpecifications for IP Standard Thermometers.NOTEAll dimensions are in millimetres, and the comma (,) is used asthe decimal point.FIG. 6 PipetNOTEAll dimensions are in millimetres, and the comma (,) is used asthe decimal point.FIG. 7 Filter UnitNOTEAll dimens

40、ions are in millimetres, and the comma (,) is used asthe decimal point.FIG. 8 Brass Filter HolderD6371 05 (2010)4Thermometer NumberThermometer Temperature Range ASTM IPHigh-range for CFPP down to30C38C to +50C 5C 1CLow-range from CFPP below30C80C to +20C 6C 2CCooling bath 80C to +20C 6C 2C6.1.10 Coo

41、ling Bath:6.1.10.1 The type of cooling bath is optional, but it shall beof a shape and size suitable for containing the jacket (see 6.1.3)in a stable and upright position at the required depth.6.1.10.2 The bath shall be fitted with a cover with one ormore holes in it to accommodate the supporting ri

42、ng (see6.1.6). The jacket (see 6.1.3) may be permanently mounted inthe cover.6.1.10.3 The bath temperature shall be maintained at therequired value and tolerance by a refrigeration unit or by theuse of suitable freezing mixtures, ensuring a homogenoustemperature in the bath by stirring or other mean

43、s of agitation.Table 1 lists the bath temperature set-points required in theCFPP procedure. If only one bath is utilized, it must have theability to change down to the next lower set-point temperaturein a time period not exceeding 2 min 30 s.6.1.11 Stopcock, glass, with double oblique bore of 3-mmdi

44、ameter.6.1.12 Vacuum Source, vacuum pump or water pump pow-erful enough to ensure an air flow rate in the vacuum regulatorof 15 6 1 L/h for the duration of the test.6.1.13 Vacuum Regulator, consisting of a glass bottle, atleast 350-mm high, not less than 5 L capacity, partially filledwith water. It

45、shall be closed by a stopper with three holes ofconvenient diameters for glass tubes. Two tubes shall be shortand shall not go below the water level. The third tube, with aninternal diameter of 10 6 1 mm, shall be long enough for oneend to be approximately 200 mm beneath the surface of thewater whil

46、e the other end reaches a few centimetres above thestopper. The depth of the immersed part shall then be adjustedto obtain a depression of 200 6 1 mm of water (2 6 0.05 kPa)on the manometer, which shall contain water. A second empty5 L bottle shall be fitted in the line to serve as a vacuumreservoir

47、 to ensure a constant depression. The arrangement isshown in Fig. 1.6.1.14 Stopwatch, with a graduation or reading of 0.2 s orlower, with an accuracy of 0.1 % over a period of 10 min.6.2 Automated Apparatus:6.2.1 The automated apparatus shall include elements con-forming to 6.1.1-6.1.8, platinum res

48、istance thermometers,cooling bath(s), vacuum pump, and suitable electronic controland measurement devices.6.2.2 Cooling Bath, a refrigeration unit capable of maintain-ing the cooling bath at the required temperature and also ofautomatically changing the bath temperature within 2 min 30 sat the appro

49、priate stage (see 12.2.5).6.2.3 Vacuum Pump, powerful enough to ensure an air flowrate in the vacuum regulator of a minimum of 15 6 1 L/h, andto maintain a constant vacuum of 200 6 1mm(26 0.05 kPa)for the duration of the test. For multi-position testers using thesame vacuum pump, the flow rate shall be checked whenseveral positions are operating simultaneously.7. Reagents and Materials7.1 Heptane, clean commercial or reagent grade.(WarningFlammable. Harmful if inhaled.)7.2 Acetone, clean commercial or reagent grade.(WarningExtre