1、Designation: D 6418 04Standard Practice forUsing the Disposable En Core Sampler for Sampling andStoring Soil for Volatile Organic Analysis1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6418; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the ca
2、se of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice is intended for application to soils that maycontain volatile waste constit
3、uents.1.2 This practice provides a procedure for using the dispos-able En Core2sampler to collect and store a soil sample forvolatile organic analysis.1.3 It is recommended that this standard be used in conjunc-tion with Guide D 4547 and Guide D 4687.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all
4、 of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1ASTM takes no position respecting the validity of any pate
5、ntrights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this standard.Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of thevalidity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of suchrights, are entirely their own responsibility.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standar
6、ds:3D 2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias ofApplicable Methods of Committee D-19 on WaterD 4547 Guide for Sampling Waste and Soils for VolatileOrganicsD 4687 Guide for General Planning of Waste SamplingD 5792 Practice for Generation of Environmental DataRelated to Waste Management
7、Activities: Development ofData Quality Objectives3. Summary of Practice3.1 This practice provides a procedure for using the dispos-able En Core sampler to collect and store a soil sample ofapproximately 5 or 25 g for volatile organic analysis. The EnCore sampler, which consists of a coring body/stor
8、age cham-ber, O-ring sealed plunger, and O-ring sealed cap, is designedto collect and hold a soil sample during shipment to thelaboratory for analysis.3.2 After the sample is collected in the En Core sampler, thecoring body/storage chamber is sealed with a slide-on cap andimmediately becomes a sampl
9、e storage chamber. To minimizeloss of volatile compounds due to volatilization, or biodegra-dation, or both, from the time of collection until analysis orchemical preservation in the laboratory (see Guide D 4547),sample storage options are specified at 4 6 2C for up to 48 h;at 7 to 21C for up to 14
10、days; or at 4 6 2C for up to 48 hfollowed by storage at 7 to 21C for up to five days (seeAppendix X1 and reports referenced in footnotes 4, 5, and 6 forinformation on the performance of the En Core sampler underthese storage conditions).4,5,6Storage of samples in the EnCore sampler at 4 6 2C or 7 to
11、 21C for longer holdingtimes than those listed above is an option, provided it can beshown that the longer storage time used does not influence theconcentrations of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) ofinterest in the samples, or that the data generated by analysis ofthe samples meet the data qua
12、lity objectives (DQOs) (seePractice D 5792). This practice does not use methanol preser-vation or other chemical preservatives in the field.4. Significance and Use4.1 This practice is for use in collecting and storing 5- or25-g soil samples for volatile organic analysis in a manner thatminimizes los
13、s of contaminants due to volatilization, or bio-degradation, or both. The En Core sampler serves as both thesampling device and sample storage chamber.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on WasteManagement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.03 onSampli
14、ng Equipment.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2004. Published April 2004. Originallyapproved in 1999 as D 6418 99. Last previous edition approved in 2003 asD 6418 03.2En Core is a registered trademark of En Novative Technologies, Inc., GreenBay, WI. The En Core sampler is covered by a patent. Intere
15、sted parties are invitedto submit information regarding the identification of an alternative(s) to thispatented item to the ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive carefulconsideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you mayattend.3For referenced ASTM standards, visi
16、t the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Hewitt, A. D., Frozen Storage of Soil Samples for Volatile Organic CompoundAnalysis, Environment
17、al Testing and Analysis, Vol 8, No. 5, 1999, pp. 1825.5A copy of the research report describing the study performed to evaluate theprecision of the En Core sampler to store low VOC concentrations is available fromASTM Headquarters. Request RR: D341014.6A copy of the research report describing the st
18、udy performed to evaluate theperformance of the En Core sampler at 7 6 1C and 21 6 2C is available fromASTM Headquarters. Request RR: D34-1015.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.2 In performing the practice, the integr
19、ity of the soilsample structure is maintained during sample collection, stor-age, and transfer in the laboratory for analysis or preservation.4.3 During sample collection, storage, and transfer, there isvery limited exposure of the sample to the atmosphere.4.4 Laboratory subsampling is not required
20、when perform-ing this practice. The sample is expelled directly from thecoring body/storage chamber into the appropriate container foranalysis or preservation without disrupting the integrity of thesample. Subsampling from the En Core device should not beperformed to obtain smaller sample sizes for
21、analysis.4.5 This practice specifies sample storage in the En Coresampler at 4 6 2C for up to 48 h; at 7 to 21C for up to 14days; or at 4 6 2C for up to 48 h followed by storage at 7 to21C for up to five days (see Appendix X1 and reportsreferenced in footnotes 4, 5, and 6 for information on theperfo
22、rmance of the En Core sampler under these storageconditions).4,5,6Storage of samples in the En Core sampler at4 6 2C or 7 to 21C for longer holding times than thoselisted above is an option, provided it can be shown that thelonger storage time used does not influence the concentrationsof the VOCs of
23、 interest in the samples, or that the datagenerated by analysis of the samples meet the DQOs (seePractice D 5792).4.6 This practice does not use methanol preservation orother chemical preservatives in the field. As a result, there areno problems associated with flammability hazards, shippingrestrict
24、ions, or dilution of samples containing low volatileconcentrations due to solvents being added to samples in thefield.4.7 The En Core sampler is a single-use device. It shouldnot be cleaned, or reused, or both.4.8 This practice cannot be used for sampling cementedmaterial, consolidated material, or
25、material having fragmentscoarse enough to interfere with proper coring techniques.5. Apparatus5.1 En Core SamplerThe En Core sampler has threecomponents: the coring body/storage chamber, which is volu-metrically designed to collect and store a soil sample ofapproximately 5 or 25 g; an O-ring sealed
26、plunger fornondisruptive extrusion of the sample into an appropriatecontainer for analysis or preservation; and, a slide-on caphaving an O-ring seal and locking arm mechanism (see Fig. 1).The coring body/storage chamber of the 5-g sampler has avolume of 3 cm3to give a sample size of approximately 5
27、g,assuming a soil density of 1.7 g/cm3. The coring body/storagechamber of the 25-g sampler has a volume of 14.5 cm3to givea sample size of approximately 25 g, assuming a soil density of1.7 g/cm3. The seals of the sampler are provided by threepolytetrafluoroethylene-coated fluoroelastomer O-rings (se
28、eFig. 1). The coring body/storage chamber, plunger, and cap ofthe En Core sampler are constructed of an inert compositepolymer. The En Core sampler is certified as clean and shouldFIG. 1 Components of the En Core SamplerD6418042not be reused. There are two stainless steel reusable attach-ments that
29、are used with the En Core sampler. These are aT-handle, which is used to push the sampler into the soil forsample collection; and an extrusion tool, which attaches to theplunger for extrusion of the sample from the coring body/storage chamber (see Fig. 2). Each En Core sampler is suppliedwith a prot
30、ective moisture-proof bag for shipment to thelaboratory.5.2 Cooler with ice or cold packs, or refrigerated compart-ment regulated at 4 6 2C and/or a freezer compartmentregulated at a temperature within the range of 7 to 21C.5.3 Minimum/Maximum Temperature MonitorThis is anydevice that registers the
31、minimum and maximum temperaturesreached during a given period of time in C and has a range thatincludes the specified storage temperature in divisions of 1C,such as a minimum/maximum thermometer or temperaturedata logger.6. Procedure6.1 The size of the En Core sampler used is determined bythe size o
32、f the sample required by the laboratory procedure thatwill be used to analyze the sample. If a sample size ofapproximately5gisrequired for analysis, the 5-g En Coresampler, and not the 25-g device, should be used to collect andstore the sample. Subsampling from the En Core devicesshould not be perfo
33、rmed to obtain smaller sample sizes foranalysis.6.2 If volatile contaminant levels in the soil being sampledare not known, it is recommended that three samples becollected at each sampling location using three En Coresamplers. If determination of moisture content is required forreporting sample resu
34、lts on a dry weight basis, a fourth sampleshould be collected from each sampling location using asuitable container. The proper sample preparation method forlow-level or high-level volatile analysis7,8can be determinedby screening one of the three samples collected in the En Coresamplers for high or
35、 low concentrations of VOCs. If a highconcentration is present, one of the remaining samples in theEn Core devices can be extruded into methanol for high-levelanalysis; if a low concentration is present, the two remainingsamples in the En Core devices can be extruded into twoappropriate vials for lo
36、w-level analysis giving an additionallow-level sample for analysis, if needed. For guidance onsample collection, sample handling, and sample preparationmethods for volatile organic analysis, see Guide D 4547. Forquality assurance considerations related to field sampling, seeGuide D 4687.6.3 As state
37、d in 4.8, the En Core device cannot be used forsampling cemented material, consolidated material, or materialhaving fragments coarse enough to interfere with proper coringtechniques.6.4 Sample CollectionThe manufacturers specific in-structions for operating the En Core sampler and T-handle tocollect
38、 a soil sample should be followed. The steps involved insample collection using the En Core sampler are given below.6.4.1 Before collecting a sample in the En Core sampler, theplunger rod (see Fig. 1) should be positioned so that theplunger can be moved freely from the top to the bottom of thecoring
39、 body/storage chamber. For sample collection, theT-handle (see Fig. 2) should be attached to the sampler, and theplunger should be positioned so that the bottom of the plunger7U.S. EPA, 1996, Method 5035: Closed-System Purge-and-Trap and Extractionfor Volatile Organics in Soil and Waste Samples. Tes
40、t Methods for Evaluating SolidWaste: Physical/Chemical Methods (SW-846), Vol 1B, Final Update III.8U.S. EPA, 1996, Method 5021: Volatile Organic Compounds in Soils and OtherSolid Matrices Using Equilibrium Headspace Analysis. Test Methods for EvaluatingSolid Waste: Physical/Chemical Methods (SW-846)
41、, Vol 1B, Final Update III.FIG. 2 Reusable Attachments to the En Core SamplerD6418043is flush with the bottom of the coring body/storage chamber.This prevents air from being trapped in the device duringsample collection. When inserting a coring device into asurface for sample collection, air should
42、not be trapped behindthe sample. If this occurs, air can pass through the soil causingVOCs to be lost, or it can cause the sample to be prematurelypushed from the coring device.6.4.2 Sample collection should be performed as quickly aspossible. Using the T-handle, push the En Core sampler into thesoi
43、l until the coring body/storage chamber is completely full. Itcan be verified that the coring body/storage chamber is full bylooking into the appropriate viewing hole (either 5 or 25-g) inthe T-handle (see Fig. 2). The coring body/storage chamber iscompletely full if the small O-ring on the plunger
44、rod (see Fig.1) is centered in the T-handle viewing hole. If possible, look atthe viewing hole while the device is in the soil to check if thecoring body/storage chamber is completely full. If it is notpossible to view the hole when the device is in the soil, removethe sampler from the soil to view
45、the hole. If the coringbody/storage chamber is not completely full, quickly insert thedevice back into the same sampling spot and push harder to fillthe coring body/storage chamber. When the coring body/storage chamber is completely full, scrape a spatula across thebottom of the coring body/storage
46、chamber so the surface ofthe soil in the sampler is flush with the opening of the coringbody/storage chamber (see Note 2). Quickly wipe the externalsurface of the coring body/storage chamber with a clean tissueor cloth. After ensuring that the sealing surfaces are clean, capthe coring body/storage c
47、hamber while it is still on theT-handle. This is done by gently sliding the cap onto the coringbody/storage chamber with a twisting motion. The cap islocked into position when the grooves on the locking arms seatover the ridge on the coring body/storage chamber (see Fig. 1).If the cap of the En Core
48、 sampler is difficult to lock intoposition, the O-ring in the cap (see Fig. 1) may be bent out ofposition, and a new cap should be used to seal the device. Abent O-ring in the cap may result in loss of VOCs from thestored sample (see 8.2.2). After the cap is locked into position,the T-handle is remo
49、ved from the sampler, and the plunger islocked into position by rotating the plunger rod (see manufac-turers specific operating instructions).NOTE 2For drier soils that are difficult to compact in the sampler,scraping a spatula across the surface of the soil to make it flush with theopening of the coring body/storage chamber may loosen particles of thesoil in the coring body/storage chamber. These particles may scatter whenthe device is capped and may affect the seal between the cap and coringbody/storage chamber (see 8.2.2). Caution shoul
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