1、Designation: D 6466 99 (Reapproved 2005)Standard Test Method forDiameter of Wool and Other Animal Fibers By Sirolan-Laserscan Fiber Diameter Analyser1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6466; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or
2、, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers a procedure, using the Sirolan-Laserscan, for the dete
3、rmination of the average fiber diameterand the fiber diameter variation in wool and other animal fibersin their various forms.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use.
4、It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD 584 Test Method for Wool Content of Ra
5、w WoolLaboratory ScaleD 1060 Practice for Core Sampling of Raw Wool in Pack-ages for Determination of Percentage of Clean Wool FiberPresent2D 1776 Practice for Conditioning Textiles for TestingD 2130 Test Method for Diameter of Wool and OtherAnimal Fibers by MicroprojectionD 2252 Specification for F
6、ineness of Types of AlpacaD 2816 Test Method for Cashmere CoarseHair Content inCashmereD 3991 Specifications for Fineness of Wool or Mohair andAssignment of GradeD 3992 Specifications for Fineness of Wool Top or MohairTop and Assignment of GradeE 126 Test Method for Inspection and Verification of Hy
7、-drometersE 1750 Guide for Use of Water Triple Point Cells2.2 Federal Standards:Official Standards of the United States for Grades ofWool, Section 31.03Measurement Method for Determining Grade of Wool, Sec-tion 31.2043Official Standards of the United States for Grades of WoolTop, Section 31.14Measur
8、ement Method for Determining Grade of WoolTop, Section 31.3014IWTO-8 Method of Determining Wool Fiber Diameter bythe Projection Microscope5IWTO-12 Measurement of the Mean and Distribution ofFibre Diameter Using the Sirolan-Laserscan Fibre Diam-eter Analyser53. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 averag
9、e fiber diameter, nthe arithmetic width of agroup of fibers.3.1.1.1 DiscussionIn wool and other animal fibers, allanimal fibers, regardless of species, can be measured using theSirolan-Laserscan to determine average fiber diameter.3.1.2 grade, nin wool and mohair, a numerical designa-tion used in cl
10、assification of fibers in their raw, semi-processedand processed forms based on average fiber diameter andvariation of fiber diameter.3.1.3 snippet, na wool or other animal fiber which hasbeen cut to a specified length.3.1.4 For definitions of other textile terms used in this testmethod, refer to Te
11、rminology D 123.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method describes procedures for samplingvarious forms of wool, the reduction of the sample to small testspecimens, and measurement of the diameter of a number offibers from the test specimens using the Laserscan. Snippetscut from the various for
12、ms of wool are cleaned where required,and dispersed in a mixture of isopropanol and water. Thesuspension of snippets is transported through a measuring cell1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.13 on Wool and
13、 Wool Felt.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2005. Published December 2005. Originallyapproved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D 6466 99.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of AST
14、MStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Federal Register, Vol 30, No. 161, Aug. 20, 1965, pp. 1082910833.4Federal Register, Vol 33, No. 248, Dec. 21, 1968, pp. 1907319076.5International Wool Textile Organization, International Wool Secretariat,
15、 Com-mercial Development Department, Valley Drive, Ilkley, LS298PB, England.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.which is positioned in a beam of laser light. The reduction inintensity of the laser beam as the individual s
16、nippets passthrough the beam of light, approximately 500 m in diameter,is sensed by a detector and transformed, using a calibrationlook-up table, into a diameter in micrometres. Each diametermeasurement is allocated to a diameter class, and when thespecified number of fibers has been measured, the c
17、lasscontents are statistically analysed to produce the mean andstandard deviation of fiber diameter for the specimen. Fulldistribution data are also available in the form of a printedhistogram.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for accep-tance testing of commercia
18、l shipments of wool and otheranimal fibers in raw and sliver form because current estimatesof between-laboratory precision are acceptable. In cases ofdisagreement arising from differences in values reported by thepurchaser and the supplier when using this test method foracceptance testing, Test Meth
19、od D 2130 shall be used as areferee method.5.2 This test method may be used for determining compli-ance with average fiber diameter and diameter variation toassign grades when determining conformance of shipments tomaterial specifications given in Specifications D 2252, D 2816,D 3991, and D 3992.5.3
20、 The procedures for determining mean fiber diameter andstandard deviation of fiber diameter provided in this testmethod and in IWTO-12 are in essential agreement.6. Apparatus and Materials6.1 Fiber Diameter Analyser5Fig. 1, consisting of thefollowing:6.1.1 A means of transporting fiber snippets in a
21、nisopropanol/water mixture through a laser beam.6.1.2 A means of measuring the reduction of light intensityof the beam due to the passage of a snippet and converting thisto digital form.6.1.3 A system for discrimination against the measurementof fibers that do not properly intersect the beam and con
22、tami-nants such as fiber fragments, dirt, and vegetable matterparticles.6.1.4 A computing system to transform and collate results.6.2 Fiber Sectioning DeviceOne or more of the follow-ing:6.2.1 Guillotine6Fig. 2, having two parallel cutting edgesbetween 1.8 and 2.0 mm apart.6.2.2 Minicore6Fig. 3, a c
23、ylindrical sample holder, de-signed for large samples, in which a sample is manually packedand a coring head which is driven pneumatically into thesample. The sample is compacted by a spring-loaded platenand 6 minicore tubes with 2-mm diameter tips pass throughperforations in the platen when the for
24、ce supplied by thepneumatic cylinder exceeds the force (300 N) from thepreloaded spring. At the end of the stroke, the cutting tips havepenetrated to within 0.5 mm of the base of the sample holder.The sample collected by the minicore tubes is automaticallyexpelled into a collection device upon retra
25、ction of the coringhead.6.2.3 Heavy-Duty Sectioning Device7Fig. 4, comprised ofa metal plate with slot and compressing key, and equipped with6Sirolan-Laserscan analyser, minicorer, and guillotine obtainable from LoptexS.r.l., Via L. Leoni 20, 2210 0 COMO (Italia). Tel: 39 31 273502; Fax: 39 1 273255
26、.If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTMInternational Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at ameeting of the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.7Obtainable from MICO Instruments, 1944 Main St., P.O. Box 451, Mar
27、shfieldHills, MA 02051-0451. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide thisinformation to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receivecareful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1whichyou may attend.FIG. 1 Block Diagram of Laserscan System
28、D 6466 99 (2005)2a propulsion mechanism by which the fiber bundle may beextruded for sectioning. The device is designed to hold a sliverof top or equivalent bulk of fibers.6.3 Box for Compressing Loose FibersA box, 300 by 150by 375 mm deep in inside dimensions, equipped with floatingtop which has 16
29、 randomly spaced holes 20 mm in diameterover its area. The sample may be firmly compressed byapplying pressure on the top. The top is held in place by twoFIG. 2 GuillotineFIG. 3 MinicorerFIG. 4 Heavy Duty Sectioning DeviceD 6466 99 (2005)3rods extending through holes in the side of the box and over
30、thetop. The coring tube is thrust through the holes in the top toobtain a sample.6.4 Pressure Coring Tube8A 13-mm inside-diametermetal tube, approximately 760 mm long, reamed and tapped onone end to hold a sharp 10 or 13-mm diameter cutting tip. Thetube is fitted with a “T” cross bar about 500 mm lo
31、ng.6.5 Core ExtruderA 6-mm wood dowel or aluminum rodslightly longer than the coring tube to push the sample from thetube.6.6 Apparatus for Measuring the Water Content of Isopro-panol.6.6.1 Hydrometer, for the range density from 0.800 to 0.900Mg/m3and calibrated in accordance with Test Method E 126.
32、6.6.2 Thermometer, for the range from 0 to 50C andcalibrated in accordance with Guide E 1750.6.7 Calibration Standards, for instrument calibration.6.7.1 Current Interwoollabs III Standard Tops, for wood.96.7.2 Current International Mohair Association StandardTops, for mohair.107. Reagents7.1 The fol
33、lowing reagents are used:7.1.1 Water, distilled, or equivalent.7.1.2 Alcohol, isopropyl (CH3CH2CH2OH).7.1.3 Petroleum Spirit, boiling range from 40 to 70C, forcleaning sliver subsamples.7.1.4 1,1,1 Trichlorethane (CH3CCl3), for cleaning sliversubsamples.8. Hazards8.1 Refer to the manufacturers mater
34、ial safety data sheet(MSDS) for information on handling, storage, use, and dis-posal of chemicals used in this test method.9. Sampling9.1 Loose FibersThe test method for obtaining a repre-sentative sample of wool differs according to circumstances.The sampling procedures and major circumstances enco
35、un-tered are as follows:9.1.1 Lots of Packaged, Grease, Pulled, or Scoured WoolTake core samples in accordance with Practice D 1060. Cleanor scour the raw wool sample in accordance with Test MethodD 584. If a representative portion of the scoured wool coresample resulting from the test for clean woo
36、l fiber present isavailable, it may be used for fiber diameter determination. Ifcore sampling is not feasible, take at random, by hand, at least50 handfuls of wool from not less than 10 % of the packages.The aggregate mass of the sample shall be at least 1.5 kg.9.1.2 Major SortPackaged grease wool i
37、n fleece fromwhich a diameter test is needed, hand sample by drawing oneor more handfuls of wool from the major sort portion of at least50 fleeces taken at random from the lot. The aggregate mass ofthe sample shall be at least 1.5 kg.9.1.3 Piles of Graded or Sorted WoolSample piles ofgraded or sorte
38、d wool by taking from random locations in thepile at lease 50 handfuls of wool, the aggregate mass of whichshall be at least 1.5 kg. If the wool is in fleece form and a testis needed for only the major sort, take the sample in accordancewith 9.1.2.9.1.4 Card SliverSample the wool card sliver by draw
39、ingten 600-mm lengths at random from the lot, preferably duringthe carding operation.9.1.5 TopSample the top by drawing from each 9000 kgor fraction thereof, four sections of sliver, each of which shallbe at least1minlength and taken from different balls of topselected at random. Take only one ball
40、from any one bale orcarton. For broken top, take an equivalent aggregate length ofsliver at random.10. Test Samples and Test Specimens, Number andPreparation10.1 Test Samples (one from each laboratory samplingunit):10.1.1 Grease Wool, Pulled Wool, and Scoured Wool:10.1.1.1 Sub-CoringRandomly pack th
41、e core or handsample (see 9.1.1, 9.1.2, and 9.1.3), into a suitable container(see 6.3) and compress to approximately 14 kPa by loading aweight of 667 N on the floating top. By means of a pressurecoring tube (6.4) extract at least five cores to provide a testspecimen of at least 20 g of scoured wool.
42、 Scour or otherwiseclean the test specimen in accordance with Test Method D 584if it is grease wool or pulled wool.10.1.1.2 Gridding, Core Test ResidueIf the sample com-prises an adequate amount of scoured wool resulting from coretesting a lot for clean wool fiber present (see 9.1.1), divide thesamp
43、le into 40 portions of approximately equal size. Fromeach portion, draw at random at least 0.5 g. Mix or blend these40 portions to form the test specimen.10.1.1.3 Gridding and Machine BlendingFor samplesother than those specified in 10.1.1 and 10.1.2, divide thesample into 40 portions of approximate
44、ly equal size. Fromeach portion draw at random a sufficient quantity of fiber toprovide a clean test specimen of 20 g. Scour or otherwise cleanthe specimen of grease or pulled wool.10.1.2 Card SliverStrip off portions of each of the ten600-mm lengths of sliver (see 9.1.4). Combine these portionsto f
45、orm a composite sliver about 600 mm in length. Thisconstitutes the test specimen.10.1.3 TopEach of the four sections of sliver comprisingthe sample (see 9.1.5) constitutes a test specimen.10.2 Test Specimens:10.2.1 Test one test specimen from each bulk subsample andtwo specimens from each sliver and
46、 top subsample. Prepareapproximately 0.3 g test specimens by cutting enough fibersnippets to measure the diameters of 2000 fiber segments foreach test specimen measured. Obtain snippets using a minicore(10.2.1.1) or guillotine (10.2.1.2). Where required to achieve8Obtainable from Yocom-McColl Testin
47、g Laboratories, Inc., 540 West ElkPlace, Denver, CO 80216 andAcroAssociates, Inc., 163 Merrimac St., Woburn, MA01801. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information toASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consider-ation at a meeting of the re
48、sponsible technical committee,1which you may attend.9Available from Interwoollabs Secretariat, Boit 14, Rue du Luxembourg 19/21,1040 Brussels, Belgium.10Available from International Mohair Association, Mohair House, 68 TheGrove, Ilkley, West Yorkshire, LS29 9PA, England, U.K.D 6466 99 (2005)4the nec
49、essary quantity of snippets, combine snippets from onesliver subsample or bulk subsample to form the test specimen.10.2.1.1 Minicore (Applicable to Raw Wool, Card Sliver, orTop)Minicore each sliver subsample or each bulk subsample,as appropriate, using cutting tips between 1.8 and 2.0 mm indiameter. If the whole sliver subsample or bulk subsamplecannot fit into the minicore, divide the coring sample intoapproximately equal portions of a size to give at least 2000accepted counts. Where appropriate, samples of greasy woolshall be scoured by the proce
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