1、Designation: D6466 10Standard Test Method forDiameter of Wool and Other Animal Fibers By Sirolan-Laserscan Fiber Diameter Analyser1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6466; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of rev
2、ision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers a procedure, using the Sirolan-Laserscan, for the determination of the aver
3、age fiber diameterand the fiber diameter variation in wool and other animal fibersin their various forms.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibili
4、ty of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD584 Test Method for Wool Content of Raw WoolLaboratory Scale2
5、D1060 Practice for Core Sampling of Raw Wool in Pack-ages for Determination of Percentage of Clean Wool FiberPresentD1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesD2130 Test Method for Diameter of Wool and OtherAnimal Fibers by MicroprojectionD2252 Specification for Fineness of Types of AlpacaD
6、2816 Test Method for Cashmere Coarse-Hair Content inCashmereD3991 Specifications for Fineness of Wool or Mohair andAssignment of GradeD3992 Specifications for Fineness of Wool Top or MohairTop and Assignment of GradeE126 Test Method for Inspection, Calibration, and Verifica-tion of ASTM HydrometersE
7、1750 Guide for Use of Water Triple Point Cells2.2 Federal Standards:Official Standards of the United States for Grades ofWool, Section 31.03Measurement Method for Determining Grade of Wool, Sec-tion 31.2043Official Standards of the United States for Grades of WoolTop, Section 31.14Measurement Method
8、 for Determining Grade of WoolTop, Section 31.3014IWTO-8 Method of Determining Wool Fiber Diameter bythe Projection Microscope5IWTO-12 Measurement of the Mean and Distribution ofFibre Diameter Using the Sirolan-Laserscan Fibre Diam-eter Analyser53. Terminology3.1 For all terminology relating to D13.
9、13, Wool and WoolFelt, refer to Terminology D4845.3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:average fiber diameter, grade, and snippet.3.2 For definitions of other textile terms used in this testmethod, refer to Terminology D123.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method describes p
10、rocedures for samplingvarious forms of wool, the reduction of the sample to small testspecimens, and measurement of the diameter of a number offibers from the test specimens using the Laserscan. Snippetscut from the various forms of wool are cleaned where required,and dispersed in a mixture of isopr
11、opanol and water. Thesuspension of snippets is transported through a measuring cellwhich is positioned in a beam of laser light. The reduction inintensity of the laser beam as the individual snippets passthrough the beam of light, approximately 500 m in diameter,is sensed by a detector and transform
12、ed, using a calibrationlook-up table, into a diameter in micrometres. Each diametermeasurement is allocated to a diameter class, and when thespecified number of fibers has been measured, the class1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsib
13、ility of Subcommittee D13.13 on Wool and Felt.Current edition approved June 1, 2010. Published July 2010. Originally approvedin 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D6466 99(2005). DOI:10.1520/D6466-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Cu
14、stomer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Federal Register, Vol 30, No. 161, Aug. 20, 1965, pp. 1082910833.4Federal Register, Vol 33, No. 248, Dec. 21, 1968, pp. 1907319076.5International W
15、ool Textile Organization, International Wool Secretariat, Com-mercial Development Department, Valley Drive, Ilkley, LS298PB, England.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.contents are statistically analyzed to produce the m
16、ean andstandard deviation of fiber diameter for the specimen. Fulldistribution data are also available in the form of a printedhistogram.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for accep-tance testing of commercial shipments of wool and otheranimal fibers in raw and sl
17、iver form because current estimatesof between-laboratory precision are acceptable. In cases ofdisagreement arising from differences in values reported by thepurchaser and the supplier when using this test method foracceptance testing, Test Method D2130 shall be used as areferee method.5.2 This test
18、method may be used for determining compli-ance with average fiber diameter and diameter variation toassign grades when determining conformance of shipments tomaterial specifications given in Specifications D2252, D2816,D3991, and D3992.5.3 The procedures for determining mean fiber diameter andstanda
19、rd deviation of fiber diameter provided in this testmethod and in IWTO-12 are in essential agreement.6. Apparatus and Materials6.1 Fiber Diameter Analyzer5Fig. 1, consisting of thefollowing:6.1.1 A means of transporting fiber snippets in anisopropanol/water mixture through a laser beam.6.1.2 A means
20、 of measuring the reduction of light intensityof the beam due to the passage of a snippet and converting thisto digital form.6.1.3 A system for discrimination against the measurementof fibers that do not properly intersect the beam and contami-nants such as fiber fragments, dirt, and vegetable matte
21、rparticles.6.1.4 A computing system to transform and collate results.6.2 Fiber Sectioning DeviceOne or more of the follow-ing:6.2.1 Guillotine6Fig. 2, having two parallel cutting edgesbetween 1.8 and 2.0 mm apart.6.2.2 Minicore6Fig. 3, a cylindrical sample holder, de-signed for large samples, in whi
22、ch a sample is manually packedand a coring head which is driven pneumatically into thesample. The sample is compacted by a spring-loaded platenand 6 minicore tubes with 2-mm diameter tips pass throughperforations in the platen when the force supplied by thepneumatic cylinder exceeds the force (300 N
23、) from thepreloaded spring. At the end of the stroke, the cutting tips havepenetrated to within 0.5 mm of the base of the sample holder.The sample collected by the minicore tubes is automaticallyexpelled into a collection device upon retraction of the coringhead.6.2.3 Heavy-Duty Sectioning Device7Fi
24、g. 4, comprised ofa metal plate with slot and compressing key, and equipped witha propulsion mechanism by which the fiber bundle may beextruded for sectioning. The device is designed to hold a sliverof top or equivalent bulk of fibers.6.3 Box for Compressing Loose FibersA box, 300 by 150by 375 mm de
25、ep in inside dimensions, equipped with floatingtop which has 16 randomly spaced holes 20 mm in diameterover its area. The sample may be firmly compressed byapplying pressure on the top. The top is held in place by two6Sirolan-Laserscan analyzer, minicorer, and guillotine obtainable from LoptexS.r.l.
26、, Via L. Leoni 20, 2210 0 COMO (Italia). Tel: 39 31 273502; Fax: 39 1 273255.If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTMInternational Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at ameeting of the responsible technical committee,1which you ma
27、y attend.7Obtainable from MICO Instruments, 1944 Main St., P.O. Box 451, MarshfieldHills, MA 02051-0451. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide thisinformation to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receivecareful consideration at a meeting of the responsible techn
28、ical committee,1whichyou may attend.FIG. 1 Block Diagram of Laserscan SystemD6466 102rods extending through holes in the side of the box and over thetop. The coring tube is thrust through the holes in the top toobtain a sample.FIG. 2 GuillotineFIG. 3 MinicorerFIG. 4 Heavy Duty Sectioning DeviceD6466
29、 1036.4 Pressure Coring Tube8A 13-mm inside-diametermetal tube, approximately 760 mm long, reamed and tapped onone end to hold a sharp 10 or 13-mm diameter cutting tip. Thetube is fitted with a “T” cross bar about 500 mm long.6.5 Core ExtruderA 6-mm wood dowel or aluminum rodslightly longer than the
30、 coring tube to push the sample from thetube.6.6 Apparatus for Measuring the Water Content of Isopro-panol.6.6.1 Hydrometer, for the range density from 0.800 to 0.900Mg/m3and calibrated in accordance with Test Method E126.6.6.2 Thermometer, for the range from 0 to 50C andcalibrated in accordance wit
31、h Guide E1750.6.7 Calibration Standards, for instrument calibration.6.7.1 Current Interwoollabs III Standard Tops, for wood.96.7.2 Current International Mohair Association StandardTops, for mohair.107. Reagents7.1 The following reagents are used:7.1.1 Water, distilled, or equivalent.7.1.2 Alcohol, i
32、sopropyl (CH3CH2CH2OH).7.1.3 Petroleum Spirit, boiling range from 40 to 70C, forcleaning sliver subsamples.7.1.4 1,1,1 Trichlorethane (CH3CCl3), for cleaning sliversubsamples.8. Hazards8.1 Refer to the manufacturers material safety data sheet(MSDS) for information on handling, storage, use, and dis-
33、posal of chemicals used in this test method.9. Sampling9.1 Loose FibersThe test method for obtaining a repre-sentative sample of wool differs according to circumstances.The sampling procedures and major circumstances encoun-tered are as follows:9.1.1 Lots of Packaged, Grease, Pulled, or Scoured Wool
34、Take core samples in accordance with Practice D1060. Cleanor scour the raw wool sample in accordance with Test MethodD584. If a representative portion of the scoured wool coresample resulting from the test for clean wool fiber present isavailable, it may be used for fiber diameter determination. Ifc
35、ore sampling is not feasible, take at random, by hand, at least50 handfuls of wool from not less than 10 % of the packages.The aggregate mass of the sample shall be at least 1.5 kg.9.1.2 Major SortPackaged grease wool in fleece fromwhich a diameter test is needed, hand sample by drawing oneor more h
36、andfuls of wool from the major sort portion of at least50 fleeces taken at random from the lot. The aggregate mass ofthe sample shall be at least 1.5 kg.9.1.3 Piles of Graded or Sorted WoolSample piles ofgraded or sorted wool by taking from random locations in thepile at lease 50 handfuls of wool, t
37、he aggregate mass of whichshall be at least 1.5 kg. If the wool is in fleece form and a testis needed for only the major sort, take the sample in accordancewith 9.1.2.9.1.4 Card SliverSample the wool card sliver by drawingten 600-mm lengths at random from the lot, preferably duringthe carding operat
38、ion.9.1.5 TopSample the top by drawing from each 9000 kgor fraction thereof, four sections of sliver, each of which shallbe at least1minlength and taken from different balls of topselected at random. Take only one ball from any one bale orcarton. For broken top, take an equivalent aggregate length o
39、fsliver at random.10. Test Samples and Test Specimens, Number andPreparation10.1 Test Samples (one from each laboratory samplingunit):10.1.1 Grease Wool, Pulled Wool, and Scoured Wool:10.1.1.1 Sub-CoringRandomly pack the core or handsample (see 9.1.1, 9.1.2, and 9.1.3), into a suitable container(see
40、 6.3) and compress to approximately 14 kPa by loading aweight of 667 N on the floating top. By means of a pressurecoring tube (6.4) extract at least five cores to provide a testspecimen of at least 20 g of scoured wool. Scour or otherwiseclean the test specimen in accordance with Test Method D584if
41、it is grease wool or pulled wool.10.1.1.2 Gridding, Core Test ResidueIf the sample com-prises an adequate amount of scoured wool resulting from coretesting a lot for clean wool fiber present (see 9.1.1), divide thesample into 40 portions of approximately equal size. Fromeach portion, draw at random
42、at least 0.5 g. Mix or blend these40 portions to form the test specimen.10.1.1.3 Gridding and Machine BlendingFor samplesother than those specified in 10.1.1 and 10.1.2, divide thesample into 40 portions of approximately equal size. Fromeach portion draw at random a sufficient quantity of fiber topr
43、ovide a clean test specimen of 20 g. Scour or otherwise cleanthe specimen of grease or pulled wool.10.1.2 Card SliverStrip off portions of each of the ten600-mm lengths of sliver (see 9.1.4). Combine these portionsto form a composite sliver about 600 mm in length. Thisconstitutes the test specimen.1
44、0.1.3 TopEach of the four sections of sliver comprisingthe sample (see 9.1.5) constitutes a test specimen.10.2 Test Specimens:10.2.1 Test one test specimen from each bulk subsample andtwo specimens from each sliver and top subsample. Prepareapproximately 0.3 g test specimens by cutting enough fibers
45、nippets to measure the diameters of 2000 fiber segments foreach test specimen measured. Obtain snippets using a minicore(10.2.1.1) or guillotine (10.2.1.2). Where required to achievethe necessary quantity of snippets, combine snippets from onesliver subsample or bulk subsample to form the test speci
46、men.8Obtainable from Yocom-McColl Testing Laboratories, Inc., 540 West ElkPlace, Denver, CO 80216 andAcroAssociates, Inc., 163 Merrimac St., Woburn, MA01801. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information toASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive caref
47、ul consider-ation at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.9Available from Interwoollabs Secretariat, Boit 14, Rue du Luxembourg 19/21,1040 Brussels, Belgium.10Available from International Mohair Association, Mohair House, 68 TheGrove, Ilkley, West Yorkshire, LS29 9P
48、A, England, U.K.D6466 10410.2.1.1 Minicore (Applicable to Raw Wool, Card Sliver, orTop)Minicore each sliver subsample or each bulk subsample,as appropriate, using cutting tips between 1.8 and 2.0 mm indiameter. If the whole sliver subsample or bulk subsamplecannot fit into the minicore, divide the c
49、oring sample intoapproximately equal portions of a size to give at least 2000accepted counts. Where appropriate, samples of greasy woolshall be scoured by the procedures outlined in Test MethodD584 before minicoring. (Snippets from tops, aqueous scouredor carbonized wool require no further cleaning.)10.2.1.2 Guillotine (Applicable to Card Sliver and Top)Cut snippets from the sliver subsample with a guillotine ormicrotome set to a length between 1.8 and 2.0 mm. Make thesame number of cuts from each sliver subsample. Do not cutsnippets within 100 mm of
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