1、Designation: D6525/D6525M 14Standard Test Method forMeasuring Nominal Thickness of Rolled Erosion ControlProducts1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6525/D6525M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the
2、 year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the nominalthickness of permanent rolled erosion control products.
3、1.2 This test method does not provide thickness values forpermanent rolled erosion control products under variablecompressive stresses. This test method determines nominalthickness, not necessarily minimum thickness.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separ
4、ately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns
5、, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetic
6、s and RolledErosion Control Products(RECPs) for TestingD5199 Test Method for Measuring the Nominal Thicknessof GeosyntheticsE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3. Term
7、inology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 pressure, nthe force or load per unit area.3.1.2 thickness(1) the distance between one planar surfaceand its opposite parallel and planar surface; (2) in permanentrolled erosion control products, the distance between the upperand lower surfaces of the material, measured
8、under a specifiedpressure and time.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The nominal thickness of permanent rolled erosioncontrol products is determined by observing the perpendiculardistance that a movable plane is displaced from a parallelsurface by the permanent rolled erosion control product whileunder a
9、 specified pressure of 0.2 kPa 0.029 psi for 5 s.5. Significance and Use5.1 Thickness is one of the basic physical properties used tocontrol the quality of permanent rolled erosion control prod-ucts. Thickness values may aid in the calculation of otherpermanent rolled erosion control product paramet
10、ers. Thick-ness however is not generally an indication of field perfor-mance and generally should not be used in specifications. Thistest method is developed to aid manufacturers, designers, andend users in comparing the thickness of permanent rollederosion control products through the use of an acc
11、epted ASTMstandard.5.2 The thickness of permanent rolled erosion control prod-ucts may vary considerably depending on the pressure appliedto the specimen during measurement. Where observed changesoccur, thickness decreases when applied pressure is increased.To minimize variation, specific sample siz
12、e and applied pres-sure are indicated in this test method to ensure all results arecomparable.5.3 This test method may be used for acceptance testing ofcommercial shipments of permanent rolled erosion controlproducts, but caution is advised since information on between-laboratory precision is incomp
13、lete. Comparative tests in accor-dance with 5.3.1 may be advised.5.3.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences inreported test results when using this test method for acceptancetesting of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the sup-plier should conduct comparative tests to determine if the
14、re isa statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statis-tical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 onGeosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.05 on Geosyn-thetic Erosion Contro
15、l.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2014. Published September 2014. Originallyapproved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D6525 12. DOI:10.1520/D6525_D6525M-14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For
16、 Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of testspecimens that
17、are as homogeneous as possible and that areformed from a lot of material of the type in question. The testspecimens should be randomly assigned in equal numbers toeach laboratory for testing. The average results from the twolaboratories should be compared using Students t-test forunpaired data and a
18、n acceptable probability level chosen by thetwo parties before the testing is begun. If bias is found, eitherits cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser andsupplier must agree to interpret future tests in light of theknown bias.NOTE 1The user should be aware that the compressibility of th
19、ematerials, their rebound characteristics, and the like will also affect thethickness of the permanent rolled erosion control products following thetime they are rolled up on rolls, shipped, and stored.6. Apparatus6.1 Thickness Testing InstrumentThe thickness gaugeshall have a base (or anvil) and a
20、free-moving presser foot platewhose planar faces are parallel to each other to 0.1 mm. Agauge with a 150-mm 6-in. diameter presser foot, the baseshall extend at least 10 mm in all directions further than theedge of the approximately 17 500-mm2circular presser foot,shall be used for measurements of p
21、ermanent rolled erosioncontrol products. The instruments must be capable of measur-ing a maximum thickness of at least 25 mm 1 in. to anaccuracy of 60.2 mm. The gauges shall be constructed topermit gradual application of pressure to a specific force of 0.26 0.02 kPa 0.029 6 0.003 psi for permanent r
22、olled erosioncontrol products. Dead weight loading may be used.6.2 Cutting DiesDies to cut specimens should have di-mensions at least as large as a circle 200 mm 8 in. indiameter.NOTE 2Due to compressibility of many permanent rolled erosioncontrol products, the cutting and handling preparation may c
23、hange thethickness. Care should be exercised to minimize these effects.7. Sampling7.1 Lot SampleIn the absence of other guidelines, dividethe product into lots and take lot samples in accordance withPractice D4354.7.2 Laboratory SampleConsider the units in the lotsample as the units in the laborator
24、y sample. For the laboratorysample, take a full-width sample of sufficient length along thecenter section of the rolls. Exclude the inner and outer layers orwraps of the roll or any material containing folds, crushedareas, or other distortions not representative of the sampled lot.7.3 Remove test sp
25、ecimens from the laboratory sample in arandomly distributed pattern across the width with no specimentaken nearer than 100 mm 4 in. from the roll sides or ends,unless otherwise specified.7.4 Test SpecimensFrom each unit in the laboratorysample, remove the specimens so that the edge of the specimenwi
26、ll extend beyond the edge of the presser foot by 10 mm 0.39in. in all directions (that is at least a circle of 200 mm 8 in.in diameter).7.5 Number of SpecimensUnless otherwise agreed upon,as when provided in an applicable material specification, takea number of test specimens per laboratory sample s
27、uch that theuser may expect at the 95 % probability level that the test resultis not more than 6.0 % of the average above or below theaverage of the sample. Determine the number of specimens persample as follows:7.5.1 Reliable Estimate of vWhen there is a reliableestimate of v based upon extensive p
28、art records for similarmaterials tested in the users laboratory as directed in this testmethod, calculate the required number of specimens as fol-lows:n 5 tv A!2(1)where:n = number of test specimens (rounded upward to a wholenumber),v = reliable estimate of the coefficient of variation of indi-vidua
29、l observations on similar materials in the userslaboratory under conditions of single operationprecision, %,t = value of Students t for one-sided limits (see Table 1 ofTest Method D5199), a 95 % probability level, and thedegrees of freedom associated with the estimate of, andA = 5.0 % of the average
30、, the value of the allowablevariation.7.5.2 No Reliable Estimate of vWhen there is no reliableestimate of v for the users laboratory, this equation should notbe used directly. Instead, specify the fixed number (10) ofspecimens. The number of specimens is calculated using v =9.5 % of the average. The
31、se values for v are somewhat largerthan usually found in practice. When a reliable estimate of v forthe users laboratory becomes available, this equation willusually require fewer than the fixed number of specimens.8. Conditioning8.1 Bring the specimens to the moisture and temperatureequilibrium in
32、the atmosphere for testing permanent rollederosion control products, that is a temperature of 21 6 2C 706 4F and a relative humidity of 60 6 10 %.9. Procedure9.1 Test the conditioned specimens in the standard atmo-sphere specified in 8.1.9.2 Handle the test specimens carefully to avoid altering then
33、atural state of the material.9.3 With force applied to the presser foot on the base (notest specimen present), zero the measuring scale or record thebase reading. Lift the presser foot, center the test specimen onthe base under the presser foot, and bring the presser foot intothe contact with the ma
34、terial. Gradually increase the pressureto 0.2 kPa 0.029 psi. After the full force has been applied tothe presser foot for 5 s against the specimen, record thethickness to the nearest 0.2 mm and remove the specimen fromthe test device.9.4 Repeat the method for each of the remaining specimens.D6525/D6
35、525M 14210. Calculation10.1 Calculate the average of the thickness for all testresults as read directly from the test instrument.11. Report11.1 Report the following information for the nominalthickness:11.1.1 Project, type of permanent rolled erosion controlproduct tested, and method of sampling,11.
36、1.2 Name or description of thickness apparatus used fortesting,11.1.3 Dimensions of the presser foot and of the specimen,11.1.4 Loading time interval,11.1.5 Number of tests,11.1.6 Average nominal thickness,11.1.7 Coefficient of variation of thickness in the sample, inpercent (optional), and11.1.8 An
37、y unusual or out-of-standard conditions or obser-vations made during the tests.12. Precision and Bias312.1 PrecisionThe precision of this test method is basedon an interlaboratory study of Test Method D6525, conductedin 2013. Eight laboratories participated in this study. Each ofthe labs reported th
38、ree replicate test results for two differenttypes of mats and a double net blanket. Every “test result”reported represents the average of 10 measurements taken froma sample. Practice E691 was followed for the design andanalysis of the data; the details are given in ASTM ResearchReport No. RR:D35-102
39、0.12.1.1 Repeatability (r)The difference between repetitiveresults obtained by the same operator in a given laboratoryapplying the same test method with the same apparatus underconstant operating conditions on identical test material withinshort intervals of time would in the long run, in the normal
40、 andcorrect operation of the test method, exceed the followingvalues only in one case in 20.12.1.1.1 Repeatability can be interpreted as the maximumdifference between two results, obtained under repeatabilityconditions, that is accepted as plausible due to random causesunder normal and correct opera
41、tion of the test method.12.1.1.2 Repeatability limits are listed in Table 1.12.1.2 Reproducibility (R)The difference between twosingle and independent results obtained by different operatorsapplying the same test method in different laboratories usingdifferent apparatus on identical test material wo
42、uld, in the longrun, in the normal and correct operation of the test method,exceed the following values only in one case in 20.12.1.2.1 Reproducibility can be interpreted as the maximumdifference between two results, obtained under reproducibilityconditions, that is accepted as plausible due to rand
43、om causesunder normal and correct operation of the test method.12.1.2.2 Reproducibility limits are listed in Table 1.12.1.3 The above terms (repeatability limit and reproduc-ibility limit) are used as specified in Practice E177.12.1.4 Any judgment in accordance with statements 12.1.1and 12.1.2 will
44、have an approximate 95 % probability of beingcorrect. The precision statistics obtained in this ILS must not betreated as exact mathematical quantities which are applicableto all circumstances and uses. The limited number of materialstested may lead to times when differences greater than pre-dicted
45、by the ILS results will arise, sometimes with consider-ably greater or smaller frequency than the 95 % probabilitylimit would imply.12.2 BiasAt the time of the study, there was no acceptedreference material suitable for determining the bias for this testmethod, therefore no statement on bias is bein
46、g made.12.3 The precision statement was determined through sta-tistical examination of 72 results, from eight laboratories, onthree materials.12.3.1 To judge the equivalency of two test results, it isrecommended to choose the material closest in characteristicsto the test material.3Supporting data h
47、ave been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D35-1020. ContactASTM CustomerService at serviceastm.org.TABLE 1 Thickness (mils)MaterialAverageARepeatabilityStandardDeviationReproducibilityStandardDeviationRepeatability Limit Reproducibility Lim
48、itx SrSRrRDouble Net Blanket 267.06 17.86 40.40 50.00 113.13Double Net TRM #1 370.64 52.67 82.60 147.49 231.27Double Net TRM #2 351.92 44.49 54.24 124.57 151.86AThe average of the laboratories calculated averages.D6525/D6525M 143ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any pat
49、ent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand shou
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