1、Designation: D6525/D6525M 16Standard Test Method forMeasuring Nominal Thickness of Rolled Erosion ControlProducts1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6525/D6525M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the
2、 year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the nominalthickness of rolled erosion control products.1.2 This t
3、est method does not provide thickness values forrolled erosion control products under variable compressivestresses. This test method determines nominal thickness, notnecessarily minimum thickness.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. T
4、he values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated
5、 with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics and RolledErosion
6、Control Products(RECPs) for TestingE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 pressure, nthe force or load per unit area.3.1.2 thickness(1
7、) the distance between one planar surfaceand its opposite parallel and planar surface; (2) in rollederosion control products, the distance between the upper andlower surfaces of the material, measured under a specifiedpressure and time.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The nominal thickness of rolled ero
8、sion control productsis determined by observing the perpendicular distance that amovable plane is displaced from a parallel surface by the rollederosion control product while under a specified pressure of0.2 kPa 0.029 psi for 5 s.5. Significance and Use5.1 Thickness is one of the basic physical prop
9、erties used tocontrol the quality of rolled erosion control products. Thick-ness values may aid in the calculation of other rolled erosioncontrol product parameters. Thickness however is not gener-ally an indication of field performance and generally should notbe used in specifications. This test me
10、thod is developed to aidmanufacturers, designers, and end users in comparing thethickness of rolled erosion control products through the use ofan accepted ASTM standard.5.2 The thickness of rolled erosion control products mayvary considerably depending on the pressure applied to thespecimen during m
11、easurement. Where observed changes occur,thickness decreases when applied pressure is increased. Tominimize variation, specific sample size and applied pressureare indicated in this test method to ensure all results arecomparable.5.3 This test method may be used for acceptance testing ofcommercial s
12、hipments of rolled erosion control products, butcaution is advised since information on between-laboratoryprecision is incomplete. Comparative tests in accordance with5.3.1 may be advised.5.3.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences inreported test results when using this test method for acce
13、ptancetesting of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the sup-plier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there isa statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statis-tical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias.As a minimum, the two parties should take a gr
14、oup of test1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 onGeosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.05 on Geosyn-thetic Erosion Control.Current edition approved July 1, 2016. Published July 2016. Originally approvedin 2000. Last previous edition approved
15、 in 2014 as D6525/D6525M 14. DOI:10.1520/D6525_D6525M-16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copy
16、right ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that areformed from a lot of material of the type in question. The testspecimens should be randomly assigned in equal numbers toeach laborat
17、ory for testing. The average results from the twolaboratories should be compared using Students t-test forunpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by thetwo parties before the testing is begun. If bias is found, eitherits cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser andsupplier
18、 must agree to interpret future tests in light of theknown bias.NOTE 1The user should be aware that the compressibility of thematerials, their rebound characteristics, and the like will also affect thethickness of the rolled erosion control products following the time they arerolled up on rolls, shi
19、pped, and stored.6. Apparatus6.1 Thickness Testing InstrumentThe thickness gaugeshall have a base (or anvil) and a free-moving presser foot platewhose planar faces are parallel to each other to 0.1 mm. Agauge with a 150-mm 6-in. diameter presser foot, the baseshall extend at least 10 mm in all direc
20、tions further than theedge of the approximately 17 500-mm2circular presser foot,shall be used for measurements of rolled erosion controlproducts. The instruments must be capable of measuring amaximum thickness of at least 25 mm 1 in. to an accuracy of60.2 mm. The gauges shall be constructed to permi
21、t gradualapplication of pressure to a specific force of 0.2 6 0.02 kPa0.029 6 0.003 psi for rolled erosion control products. Deadweight loading may be used.6.2 Cutting DiesDies to cut specimens should have di-mensions at least as large as a circle 200 mm 8 in. indiameter.NOTE 2Due to compressibility
22、 of many rolled erosion controlproducts, the cutting and handling preparation may change the thickness.Care should be exercised to minimize these effects.6.3 ScissorsAsharp pair of scissors may be used in placeof cutting dies.7. Sampling7.1 Lot SampleIn the absence of other guidelines, dividethe pro
23、duct into lots and take lot samples in accordance withPractice D4354.7.2 Laboratory SampleFor the laboratory sample, take afull-width sample of sufficient length in the machine directionso that the required size and number of specimens can beobtained. Exclude the inner and outer layers or wraps of t
24、heroll or any material containing folds, crushed areas, or otherdistortions not representative of the sampled lot.7.3 Remove test specimens from the laboratory sample sothat each specimen will contain different machine and cross-machine elements with no specimen taken nearer than 100 mm4 in. from th
25、e roll sides or ends, unless otherwise specified.7.4 Test SpecimensSpecimen size shall be sufficient toassure that the edge of the specimen will extend beyond theedge of the presser foot by 10 mm 0.39 in. in all directions.7.5 Number of SpecimensUnless otherwise agreed upon,as when provided in an ap
26、plicable material specification, takethe number of test specimens per laboratory sample as follows:7.5.1 Reliable Estimate of vWhen there is a reliableestimate of v based upon extensive part records for similarmaterials tested in the users laboratory as directed in this testmethod, calculate the req
27、uired number of specimens as followsso that the user may expect at the 95 % probability level thatthe test result is not more than 5.0 % of the average above orbelow the average of the sample:n 5 tv A!2(1)where:n = number of test specimens (rounded upward to a wholenumber),v = the coefficient of var
28、iation of individual observations onsimilar materials in the users laboratory under condi-tions of single operation precision, %,t = value of Students t for one-sided limits, a 95 %probability level, and the degrees of freedom associatedwith the estimate of v (see Table 1), andA = 5.0 % of the avera
29、ge, the value of the allowablevariation.7.5.2 No Reliable Estimate of vWhen there is no reliableestimate of v for the users laboratory, measurements shall bemade on a minimum of ten (10) specimens per laboratorysample.8. Conditioning8.1 Bring the specimens to the moisture and temperatureequilibrium
30、in the atmosphere for testing rolled erosion controlproducts, that is a temperature of 21 6 2C 70 6 4F and arelative humidity of 60 6 10 %.9. Procedure9.1 Test the conditioned specimens in the standard atmo-sphere specified in 8.1.9.2 Handle the test specimens carefully to avoid altering thenatural
31、state of the material.9.3 With force applied to the presser foot on the base (notest specimen present), zero the measuring scale or record thebase reading. Lift the presser foot, center the test specimen onthe base under the presser foot, and bring the presser foot intothe contact with the material.
32、 Gradually increase the pressureto 0.2 kPa 0.029 psi. After the full force has been applied toTABLE 1 Values of Students t for One-Sided Limits and the 95 %Probabilitydf One-Sided df One-Sided df One-Sided1 6.314 11 1.796 22 1.7172 2.920 12 1.782 24 1.7113 2.353 13 1.771 26 1.7064 2.132 14 1.761 28
33、1.7015 2.015 15 1.753 30 1.6976 1.943 16 1.746 40 1.6847 1.895 17 1.740 50 1.6768 1.860 18 1.734 60 1.6719 1.833 19 1.729 120 1.65810 1.812 20 1.725 1.645D6525/D6525M 162the presser foot for 5 s against the specimen, record thethickness to the nearest 0.2 mm and remove the specimen fromthe test devi
34、ce.9.4 Repeat the method for each of the remaining specimens.10. Calculation10.1 Calculate the average of the thickness for all testresults as read directly from the test instrument.11. Report11.1 Report the following information for the nominalthickness:11.1.1 Project, type of rolled erosion contro
35、l product tested,and method of sampling,11.1.2 Name or description of thickness apparatus used fortesting,11.1.3 Dimensions of the presser foot and of the specimen,11.1.4 Loading time interval,11.1.5 Number of tests,11.1.6 Average nominal thickness,11.1.7 Coefficient of variation of thickness in the
36、 sample, inpercent (optional), and11.1.8 Any unusual or out-of-standard conditions or obser-vations made during the tests.12. Precision and Bias312.1 PrecisionThe precision of this test method is basedon an interlaboratory study of Test Method D6525, conductedin 2013. Eight laboratories participated
37、 in this study. Each ofthe labs reported three replicate test results for two differenttypes of mats and a double net blanket. Every “test result”reported represents the average of 10 measurements taken froma sample. Practice E691 was followed for the design andanalysis of the data; the details are
38、given in ASTM ResearchReport No. RR:D35-1020.12.1.1 Repeatability (r)The difference between repetitiveresults obtained by the same operator in a given laboratoryapplying the same test method with the same apparatus underconstant operating conditions on identical test material withinshort intervals o
39、f time would in the long run, in the normal andcorrect operation of the test method, exceed the followingvalues only in 1 case in 20.12.1.1.1 Repeatability can be interpreted as the maximumdifference between two results, obtained under repeatabilityconditions, that is accepted as plausible due to ra
40、ndom causesunder normal and correct operation of the test method.12.1.1.2 Repeatability limits are listed in Table 2.12.1.2 Reproducibility (R)The difference between twosingle and independent results obtained by different operatorsapplying the same test method in different laboratories usingdifferen
41、t apparatus on identical test material would, in the longrun, in the normal and correct operation of the test method,exceed the following values only in 1 case in 20.12.1.2.1 Reproducibility can be interpreted as the maximumdifference between two results, obtained under reproducibilityconditions, th
42、at is accepted as plausible due to random causesunder normal and correct operation of the test method.12.1.2.2 Reproducibility limits are listed in Table 2.12.1.3 The above terms (repeatability limit and reproduc-ibility limit) are used as specified in Practice E177.12.1.4 Any judgment in accordance
43、 with statements 12.1.1and 12.1.2 will have an approximate 95 % probability of beingcorrect. The precision statistics obtained in this ILS must not betreated as exact mathematical quantities which are applicableto all circumstances and uses. The limited number of materialstested may lead to times wh
44、en differences greater than pre-dicted by the ILS results will arise, sometimes with consider-ably greater or smaller frequency than the 95 % probabilitylimit would imply.12.2 BiasAt the time of the study, there was no acceptedreference material suitable for determining the bias for this testmethod,
45、 therefore no statement on bias is being made.12.3 The precision statement was determined through sta-tistical examination of 72 results, from 8 laboratories, on 3materials.12.3.1 To judge the equivalency of two test results, it isrecommended to choose the material closest in characteristicsto the t
46、est material.3Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D35-1020. ContactASTM CustomerService at serviceastm.org.TABLE 2 Thickness (mils)MaterialAverageARepeatabilityStandardDeviationReproducibilityStandardDeviationRepeatab
47、ility Limit Reproducibility Limitx SrSRrRDouble Net Blanket 267.06 17.86 40.40 50.00 113.13Double Net TRM #1 370.64 52.67 82.60 147.49 231.27Double Net TRM #2 351.92 44.49 54.24 124.57 151.86AThe average of the laboratories calculated averages.D6525/D6525M 163ASTM International takes no position res
48、pecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This
49、standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views kno
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