ASTM D6659-2010 3125 Standard Practice for Sampling and Preparation of Wet Blue for Physical and Chemical Tests《物理和化学试验用湿铬鞣革的取样和制备标准操作规程》.pdf

1、Designation: D6659 10Standard Practice forSampling and Preparation of Wet Blue for Physical andChemical Tests1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6659; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of la

2、st revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the sampling and preparation of wetblue for physical and chemical tests. The product is groupedinto

3、 lots that are randomly sampled in such a manner as toproduce a representative sample of the lot. This sample may beused to determine compliance of the lot with applicablespecification requirements, and on the basis of results, the lotmay be accepted or rejected in its entirety.1.2 The values stated

4、 in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use.

5、It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D6658 Test Method for Volatile Matter (Moisture) of WetBlue by Oven Drying3. T

6、erminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 lot (or batch), nunits of products from a single type,grade, class, size, and composition, manufactured under essen-tially the same conditions and time.3.1.1.1 DiscussionWet blue in formed lots should beproduced from: (1) Units of product of similar size and type.(2)

7、Chromium tanning material obtained from the same pro-ducer (or functionally equivalent). (3)Asingle product method.(4) Sequential production batches.3.1.2 unit, na piece of wet blue in the form in which it ispurchased, such as a single hide, skin, or any part thereof.4. Significance and Use4.1 The s

8、ampling procedures described in this practice havebeen designed to ensure random sampling of wet blue forphysical and chemical tests. Wet blue is a natural product andas such is subject to extensive variability. The physical andchemical properties vary considerably depending on locationon the hide,

9、side, or skin from which the test sample is taken.Random sampling of specimens from a predefined location andorientation minimizes test bias and variability. This practicedefines these parameters.5. Conditioning5.1 Unless otherwise specified in the applicable test method,specification, or procuremen

10、t document, samples shall betempered to the ambient laboratory conditions prior to prepa-ration of testing.6. Sampling Procedure6.1 Prior to sampling, identify the product properly as a lotor batch.6.2 Select units from locations scattered throughout the lot,not from the same portion of the lot, suc

11、h as a single pallet,carton, layer, etc. Take without regard to quality.6.2.1 The number of samples taken depends on the reliabil-ity of the test results, the deviation of the properties, and theerror of the testing procedure. The number of samples takenmay be at the discretion of the user and the r

12、elated test methodand should also be recorded on the test report. It is recom-mended that 12 samples be taken for every 50,000 square feetof hide or skin. These 12 shall be considered a lot, or batch.NOTE 1By reason of the high moisture content of wet blue, samplesshould be taken after the wringing

13、operation and immediately sealed inairtight plastic wrap. Store in a cool place until used.6.3 The standard location for sampling wet blue is thekidney area (designated as TEST AREA “a”inFig. 1).Sampling in the belly or shoulder area is only applicable if thatis the end product being sold or purchas

14、ed:1This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D31 on Leather andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.02 on Wet Blue.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published October 2010. Originallyapproved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D6659-08. DOI:10.1520/D6

15、659-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive,

16、PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.3.1 SkinsCut the test piece to the size and shaperequired for the tests to be made, with one edge parallel to and1 in. (25.4 mm) from the backbone line, beginning 3 in. (76mm) from the root of the tail. Pieces shall be cut from only ones

17、ide of the backbone of each skin. The test area for skinscorresponds to area a for cattlehides of Fig. 1.6.3.2 CattlehidesThe location and size of cutting shall beas follows:6.3.2.1 Hides, Sides, Crops, Backs, and BendsCut the testpiece to the size and shape required for the test to be made,with one

18、 edge parallel to and 2 in. (51 mm) from the backboneline beginning 5 in. (127 mm) from the root of the tail. In mostinstances, test piece “a” may be cut 8 in. (203 mm) by 8 in.(203 mm). Sample double bends, belting butts, and hides ononly one side of the backbone (see Fig. 1, test area “a”).6.3.2.2

19、 BelliesCut out the test piece, X, 5 in. (127 mm)wide and 7 in. (178 mm) long with one long edge parallel toand 1 in. (25.4 mm) from the belly line, DF,inFig. 1. Locatethe test cutting at the middle of the piece midway betweenpoints D and F.6.3.2.3 Double ShouldersCut out the test piece, Y,5by7in. (

20、127 by 178 mm) with a long edge parallel to and 1 in. (25.4mm) from the shoulder line, BE. Locate the test cutting at themiddle of the piece between B and E.6.3.2.4 Cut out each test specimen with its long dimensionperpendicular to the backbone line, unless otherwise specifiedin the corresponding te

21、st method.6.3.2.5 When several specimens are required from eachpiece, cut them out in the following order beginning at the endnearest the tail: tensile strength and elongation (dumbbell),breaking strength (grab), bursting strength, stitch tear, shrink-age temperature, tongue tear, stiffness.6.3.2.6

22、When cutting specimens for physical tests, areasselected must be free from visual defects such as cuts,scratches, and other obvious flaws.7. Sampling Preparation7.1 Time is crucial in the preparation of wet blue forchemical analysis. The following dicing procedure should bedone in 2 min. or less for

23、 each individual sample to preventsignificant moisture loss.7.1.1 Samples must be cut on a non-porous, non-absorbinghard surface using a clean sharp cutting tool, preferably with anew razor or scalpel blade. Avoid excess pressure on thesample, which could force moisture out of the wet blue.NOTE 2Bot

24、h Method A and Method B are acceptable for thepreparation of wet blue and wet white for chemical tests.7.2 Method AAs received in wet state, diced.7.2.1 Samples should be cut into 3 to 5 mm squares leavingno original cut edges.7.2.2 Immediately place diced samples into an airtight glassor plastic co

25、ntainer. This container must be large enough topermit preparation of a composite sample by freely mixing lotsamples, and yet have a minimum amount of airspace toprevent evaporation.7.2.3 Store at room temperature, away from heat or directlight.7.2.4 All chemical analyses shall be taken from the com-

26、posite sample and be performed in duplicate.7.3 Method BOven or air dried, ground.7.3.1 Samples should be cut into approximately12 by 2 in.(12.7 by 50.8 mm) strips, leaving not original cut edges.NOTE 3If total moisture will be reported for the sample, obtainrepresentative strips and proceed immedia

27、tely to Test Method D6658, step7.1 (use pre-dried weighing containers as specified).7.3.2 Dry the remaining strips at 125 6 1C (257 6 1.8F)for 1-4 h or air-dry the strips overnight on the counter.7.3.3 Grind the dried strips in a cutter mill with a 4-mmdiameter mesh sieve. Mix ground and sieved samp

28、le thor-oughly, and store this composite sample at room temperature inFIG. 1 Location of Test AreaD6659 102a clean, dry, and airtight container, away from heat or directlight, until used for chemical analysis.7.3.4 All chemical analyses shall be taken from the com-posite sample and be performed in d

29、uplicate.8. Keywords8.1 blue stock; chemical tests; lot; physical tests; sampling;unit; wet blue; wet whiteASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised th

30、at determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reappr

31、oved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you f

32、eel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual re

33、prints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).D6659 103