ASTM D6659-2016 4887 Standard Practice for Sampling and Preparation of Wet Blue and Wet White for Physical and Chemical Tests《用于物理和化学试验的湿蓝皮和湿白皮取样和制备的标准实施规程》.pdf

1、Designation: D6659 16Standard Practice forSampling and Preparation of Wet Blue and Wet White forPhysical and Chemical Tests1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6659; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision,

2、the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the sampling and preparation ofWet Blue and Wet White for physical and chemical tests

3、. Theproduct is grouped into lots that are randomly sampled in sucha manner as to produce a representative sample of the lot. Thissample may be used to determine compliance of the lot withapplicable specification requirements, and on the basis ofresults, the lot may be accepted or rejected in its en

4、tirety.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if an

5、y, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D6658 Test Method for Volatile Matter (Moisture) o

6、f WetBlue by Oven Drying3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 lot (or batch), nunits of products from a single type,grade, class, size, and composition, manufactured under essen-tially the same conditions and time.3.1.1.1 DiscussionWet Blue and Wet White in formed lotsshould be produced from: (1) Unit

7、s of product of similar sizeand type. (2) A single product method. (3) Sequential produc-tion batches.3.1.1.2 DiscussionIn addition to 3.1.1.1, Wet Blue informed lots should be produced from Chromium tanningmaterial obtained from the same producer (or functionallyequivalent).3.1.2 unit, na piece of

8、Wet Blue or Wet White in the formin which it is purchased, such as a single hide, skin, or any partthereof.4. Significance and Use4.1 The sampling procedures described in this practice havebeen designed to ensure random sampling of Wet Blue and WetWhite for physical and chemical tests. Wet Blue and

9、Wet Whiteare natural products and as such are subject to extensivevariability. The physical and chemical properties vary consid-erably depending on location on the hide, side, or skin fromwhich the test sample is taken. Random sampling of specimensfrom a predefined location and orientation minimizes

10、 test biasand variability. This practice defines these parameters.5. Conditioning5.1 Unless otherwise specified in the applicable test method,specification, or procurement document, samples shall betempered to the ambient laboratory conditions prior to prepa-ration of testing.6. Sampling Procedure6.

11、1 Prior to sampling, identify the product properly as a lotor batch.6.2 Select units from locations scattered throughout the lot,not from the same portion of the lot, such as a single pallet,carton, layer, etc. Take without regard to quality.6.2.1 The number of samples taken depends on the reliabil-

12、ity of the test results, the deviation of the properties, and theerror of the testing procedure. The number of samples takenmay be at the discretion of the user and the related test methodand should also be recorded on the test report. It is recom-mended that 12 samples be taken for every 50,000 squ

13、are feetof hide or skin. These 12 shall be considered a lot, or batch.NOTE 1By reason of the high moisture content of Wet Blue and WetWhite, samples should be taken after the wringing operation and imme-diately sealed in airtight plastic wrap. Store in a cool place until used.1This practice is under

14、 the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D31 on Leather andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.02 on Wet Blue.Current edition approved June 1, 2016. Published June 2016. Originallyapproved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D6659 10(2015).DOI: 10.1520/D6659-16.2For referenced

15、ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Consho

16、hocken, PA 19428-2959. United States16.3 The standard location for sampling Wet Blue and WetWhite is the kidney area (designated as TEST AREA “ a”inFig. 1). Sampling in the belly or shoulder area is onlyapplicable if that is the end product being sold or purchased:6.3.1 SkinsCut the test piece to th

17、e size and shape requiredfor the tests to be made, with one edge parallel to and 1 in.(25.4 mm) from the backbone line, beginning 3 in. (76 mm)from the root of the tail. Pieces shall be cut from only one sideof the backbone of each skin. The test area for skins corre-sponds to area a for cattlehides

18、 of Fig. 1.6.3.2 CattlehidesThe location and size of cutting shall beas follows:6.3.2.1 Hides, Sides, Crops, Backs, and BendsCut the testpiece to the size and shape required for the test to be made,with one edge parallel to and 2 in. (51 mm) from the backboneline beginning 5 in. (127 mm) from the ro

19、ot of the tail. In mostinstances, test piece “a” may be cut 8 in. (203 mm) by 8 in.(203 mm). Sample double bends, belting butts, and hides ononly one side of the backbone (see Fig. 1, test area “a”).6.3.2.2 BelliesCut out the test piece, X, 5 in. (127 mm)wide and 7 in. (178 mm) long with one long ed

20、ge parallel toand 1 in. (25.4 mm) from the belly line, DF,inFig. 1. Locatethe test cutting at the middle of the piece midway betweenpoints D and F.6.3.2.3 Double ShouldersCut out the test piece, Y,5by7in. (127 by 178 mm) with a long edge parallel to and 1 in. (25.4mm) from the shoulder line, BE. Loc

21、ate the test cutting at themiddle of the piece between B and E.6.3.2.4 Cut out each test specimen with its long dimensionperpendicular to the backbone line, unless otherwise specifiedin the corresponding test method.6.3.2.5 When several specimens are required from eachpiece, cut them out in the foll

22、owing order beginning at the endnearest the tail: tensile strength and elongation (dumbbell),breaking strength (grab), bursting strength, stitch tear, shrink-age temperature, tongue tear, stiffness.6.3.2.6 When cutting specimens for physical tests, areasselected must be free from visual defects such

23、 as cuts,scratches, and other obvious flaws.7. Sampling Preparation7.1 Time is crucial in the preparation of Wet Blue and WetWhite for chemical analysis. The following dicing procedureshould be done in 2 min. or less for each individual sample toprevent significant moisture loss.7.1.1 Samples must b

24、e cut on a non-porous, non-absorbinghard surface using a clean sharp cutting tool, preferably with anew razor or scalpel blade. Avoid excess pressure on thesample, which could force moisture out of the Wet Blue or WetWhite.NOTE 2Both Method A and Method B are acceptable for thepreparation of Wet Blu

25、e and Wet White for chemical tests.7.2 Method AAs received in wet state, diced.7.2.1 Samples should be cut into 3 to 5 mm squares leavingno original cut edges.7.2.2 Immediately place diced samples into an airtight glassor plastic container. This container must be large enough topermit preparation of

26、 a composite sample by freely mixing lotsamples, and yet have a minimum amount of airspace toprevent evaporation.7.2.3 Store at room temperature, away from heat or directlight.7.2.4 All chemical analyses shall be taken from the com-posite sample and be performed in duplicate.7.3 Method BOven or air

27、dried, ground.7.3.1 Samples should be cut into approximately12 by 2 in.(12.7 by 50.8 mm) strips, leaving not original cut edges.NOTE 3If total moisture will be reported for the sample, obtainrepresentative strips and proceed immediately to Test Method D6658, step7.1 (use pre-dried weighing container

28、s as specified).FIG. 1 Location of Test AreaD6659 1627.3.2 Dry the remaining strips at 125 6 1C (257 6 1.8F)for 1-4 h or air-dry the strips overnight on the counter.7.3.3 Grind the dried strips in a cutter mill with a 4-mmdiameter mesh sieve. Mix ground and sieved samplethoroughly, and store this co

29、mposite sample at room tempera-ture in a clean, dry, and airtight container, away from heat ordirect light, until used for chemical analysis.7.3.4 All chemical analyses shall be taken from the com-posite sample and be performed in duplicate.8. Keywords8.1 blue stock; chemical tests; lot; physical te

30、sts; sampling;unit; Wet Blue; Wet WhiteASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the

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