ASTM D6709-2009 4375 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence VIII Spark-Ignition Engine (CLR Oil Test Engine).pdf

1、Designation: D6709 09Standard Test Method forEvaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence VIIISpark-Ignition Engine (CLR Oil Test Engine)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6709; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in

2、the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis test method can be used by any properly equipped laboratory without outside ass

3、istance.However, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC)2offers a very valuable service to the testlaboratory; the Center provides reference oils and an assessment of the test results obtained on thoseoils by the laboratory (see Appendix X1). By this means, the laboratory will know whether their useof

4、 the test method gives results statistically similar to those obtained by other laboratories.Furthermore, various agencies require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services in seekingqualification of oils against specifications. For example, the American Petroleum Institute (API)imposes such a requ

5、irement, in connection with several engine lubricating oil specifications.Accordingly, this test method is written for use by laboratories that utilize the TMC services.Laboratories that choose not to use those services may simply ignore those portions of the test methodthat refer to the TMC.This te

6、st method may be modified by means of Information Letters issued by the TMC. In addition,the TMC may issue supplementary memoranda related to the test method (see Annex A3).1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of automotiveengine oils (SAE grades 5W, 10W, 20, 30, 40, and 50, andmultivi

7、scosity grades) intended for use in spark-ignition gaso-line engines. The test procedure is conducted using a carbu-reted, spark-ignition Cooperative Lubrication Research (CLR)Oil Test Engine (also referred to as the Sequence VIII testengine in this test method) run on unleaded fuel. An oil isevalua

8、ted for its ability to protect the engine and the oil fromdeterioration under high-temperature and severe service con-ditions. The test method can also be used to evaluate theviscosity stability of multiviscosity-graded oils. Companiontest methods used to evaluate engine oil performance forspecifica

9、tion requirements are discussed in the latest revisionof Specification D4485.1.2 Correlation of test results with those obtained in auto-motive service has not been established. Furthermore, theresults obtained in this test are not necessarily indicative ofresults that will be obtained in a full-sca

10、le automotive spark-ignition or compression-ignition engine, or in an engineoperated under conditions different from those of the test. Thetest can be used to compare one oil with another.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in t

11、hisstandard.1.3.1 ExceptionsThe values stated in inch-pounds forcertain tube measurements, screw thread specifications, andsole source supply equipment are to be regarded as standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is there

12、sponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-tionary statements are provided throughout this test method.1.5 This test method is arranged as follows:Subject Sec

13、tionIntroductionScope 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Method 4Before Test Starts 4.1Power Section Installation 4.21This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.B0.01 on Pas

14、senger Car Engine Oils.Current edition approved April 15, 2009. Published October 2009. Originallyapproved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D670908. DOI:10.1520/D6709-09.2Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Centerwill update changes in this test me

15、thod by means of Information Letters. Informa-tion Letters may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 PennAvenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15202-4489, Attention: Administrator. This edition incor-porates revisions in all Information Letters through No. 08-1.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 B

16、arr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Engine Operation (Break-in) 4.3Engine Operation (Test/Samples) 4.4Stripped Viscosity 4.5Test Completion (BWL) 4.6Significance and Use 5Evaluation of Automotive oils 5.1Stay in Grade Capabilities 5.2Correlation of Results

17、5.3Use 5.4Apparatus 6Test Engineering, Inc. 6.1Fabricated or Specially Prepared Items 6.2Instruments and Controls 6.3Procurement of Parts 6.4Reagents and Materials 7Reagents 7.1Cleaning Materials 7.2Expendable Power Section-Related Items 7.3Power Section Coolant 7.4Reference Oils 7.5Test Fuel 7.6Tes

18、t Oil Sample Requirements 8Selection 8.1Inspection 8.2Quantity 8.3Preparation of Apparatus 9Test Stand Preparation 9.1Conditioning Test Run on Power Section 9.2General Power Section Rebuild Instructions 9.3Reconditioning of Power Section After Each Test 9.4Calibration 10Power Section and Test Stand

19、Calibration 10.1Instrumentation Calibration 10.2Calibration of AFR Measurement Equipment 10.3Calibration of Torque Wrenches 10.4Engine Operating Procedure 11Run-In and Flush 11.1Test Operating Conditions 11.2Air-Fuel Ratio and Spark Advance 11.3Air, Off-Gas and Blowby Measurement 11.4Unscheduled Shu

20、tdowns 11.5Oil Sampling and Oil Addition 11.6Periodic Measurements 11.7Final Oil Drain and Oil Consumption Computation 11.8Operational Validity Criteria 11.9Test Completion 11.10Determination of Test Results 12Oil Analysis 12.1Test Bearing Weight Loss Determination 12.2Report 13Precision and Bias 14

21、Precision 14.1Bias 14.2Use of ASTM Rounding 15Keywords 16ANNEXESMeasurement of Connecting Rod Bearing Clearance andJournal TaperAnnex A1Measurement of Main Bearing Clearance Annex A2The ASTM Test Monitoring Center Calibration Program Annex A3Measurement of Piston-to-Sleeve Clearance Annex A4Control

22、Chart Technique for a Laboratorys SeverityAdjustment (SA)Annex A5Recommended New Liner Honing Procedure Annex A6Sequence VIII Oil Priming Procedure Annex A7Alternative Crankcase Breather Configuration Annex A8Connecting Rod Bearing Cleaning Procedure Annex A9Electronic Ignition Conversion Annex A10S

23、ystem Response Procedure Annex A11Air-Fuel Ratio Measurement Annex A12Lead Decontamination Procedure Annex A13Stay-in-Grade Oil Analysis Procedure Annex A14Crankshaft Rear Seal Conditioning Annex A15Report Forms and Data Dictionary Annex A16Test Fuel Specification Annex A17APPENDIXESRole of the ASTM

24、 Test Monitoring Center and the CalibrationProgramAppendix X1Suggested Method for Salvaging Camshaft Bearing Journals Appendix X2Data Log Sheets Appendix X32. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products atAtmospheric PressureD130 Test Method for Cor

25、rosiveness to Copper from Pe-troleum Products by Copper Strip TestD235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)D240 Test Method for Heat of Combustion of LiquidHydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb CalorimeterD323 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Prod-uc

26、ts (Reid Method)D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evapo-rationD445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D525 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline(Induction Period Method)D1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon

27、 Types in LiquidPetroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator AdsorptionD2422 Classification of Industrial Fluid Lubricants by Vis-cosity SystemD2699 Test Method for Research Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine FuelD2700 Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine FuelD3231 Test Me

28、thod for Phosphorus in GasolineD3237 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Ab-sorption SpectroscopyD3343 Test Method for Estimation of Hydrogen Content ofAviation FuelsD4052 Test Method for Density and Relative Density ofLiquids by Digital Density MeterD4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, P

29、etroleumProducts, and LubricantsD4294 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and PetroleumProducts by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spec-trometryD4485 Specification for Performance of Engine OilsD4815 Test Method for Determination of MTBE, ETBE,TAME, DIPE, tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C1to C4Alco-h

30、ols in Gasoline by Gas ChromatographyE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE191 Specification for Apparatus For Microdeterminationof Carbon and Hydrogen in Organic and Organo-MetallicCompounds3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM w

31、ebsite, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.D6709 0922.2 SAE Standards:4J183 Engine Oil Performance and Engine Service Classifi-cation (Other Than “Energ

32、y-Conserving”)J304 Engine Oil Tests3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 air-fuel ratio, nin internal combustion engines, themass ratio of air-to-fuel in the mixture being induced into thecombustion chambers. D41753.1.2 automotive, adjdescriptive of equipment associatedwith self-propelled machinery, u

33、sually vehicles driven byinternal combustion engines. D44853.1.3 blind reference oil, na reference oil, the identity ofwhich is unknown by the test facility.3.1.3.1 DiscussionThis is a coded reference oil that issubmitted by a source independent from the test facility.D41753.1.4 blowby, nin internal

34、 combustion engines, the com-bustion products and unburned air-and-fuel mixture that enterthe crankcase. D41753.1.5 critical parts, nthose components used in the testthat are known to affect test severity.3.1.6 noncompounded engine oil, na lubricating oil hav-ing a viscosity within the range of visc

35、osities of oils normallyused in engines, and that may contain anti-foam agents or pourdepressants, or both, but not other additives. D41753.1.6.1 DiscussionIn this test method noncompounded oilis also known as build-up oil.3.1.7 non-standard test, na test that is not conducted inconformance with the

36、 requirements in the standard testmethod; such as running on an uncalibrated test stand, usingdifferent test equipment, applying different equipment assem-bly procedures, or using modified operating conditions.D41753.1.8 test start, nintroduction of test oil into the engine.D41753.1.9 wear, nthe los

37、s or relocation of material from asurface.3.1.9.1 DiscussionWear generally occurs between twosurfaces moving relative to each other, and is the result ofmechanical or chemical action or by a combination of me-chanical and chemical actions. D41753.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.

38、1 accessory case, nthe mounting base containing thebalancing mechanism, flywheel, and final driveshaft for thepower section of the CLR engine.3.2.2 build-up oil, nsee 3.1.6, noncompounded engine oil.3.2.3 calibrated power section/test stand combination,none that has completed an operationally valid

39、reference oiltest within the previous six months, the results of which fallwithin industry severity and precision limits as published bythe TMC.3.2.4 conditioning test run, na full-length Sequence VIIItest using a TMC-designated reference oil in a new or newlyrebuilt power section to prepare the cas

40、t iron parts beforeconducting routine standard tests with the power section.3.2.5 emergency shutdown, nthe procedure for turning offthe engines ignition without using the prescribed enginecool-down period.3.2.6 full-length test, na test of an engine oil conductedusing a power section and a test stan

41、d that runs 412-h run-in,2-h flush and 40 h at test conditions. (See 10.1.3.1, exceptionfor 10-h stay in grade test).3.2.7 new power section, nan engine power section con-sisting of either a new crankcase or complete power sectionthat has no previous oil test history.3.2.8 off-gas, ngas exiting the

42、power section crankcasebreather.3.2.9 off-test time, nany time that the engine is notoperating at the prescribed test conditions.3.2.10 oil gallery side cover plate, ncrankcase cover platethat contains the oil gallery and provision for mounting anddriving the oil pump and ignition assembly.3.2.11 op

43、erationally valid test, nan engine oil test that hasbeen conducted in accordance with the conditions listed in thistest method.3.2.12 power section, nthe combination of the crankcaseassembly, the cylinder block assembly, and the cylinder headassembly, all of which are attached to the accessory case.

44、3.2.13 reconditioned power section, nan engine powersection which has been disassembled, cleaned, and reas-sembled according to the detailed procedures5after completionof either a conditioning test run or a full-length CLR engine oiltest.3.2.14 reference oil test, na standard Sequence VIIIengine oil

45、 test of a reference oil designated by the TMC,conducted to ensure that power section and test stand severityfalls within industry limits.4Available from Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc., 400 CommonwealthDrive, Warrendale, PA 15096. Request SAE Handbook Vol 3. This standard is notavailable sepa

46、rately.5Refer to Instructions for Assembly and Disassembly of the CLR Oil TestEngine, available from Test Engineering, Inc., 12718 Cimarron Path, San Antonio,TX 78249.TABLE 1 Power Section Run-in ScheduleSpeed,r/min(625)Power SparkAdvance, BTDC(61)Time,min (62)TotalTime, hW(6150)1500 1500 25 60 1200

47、0 3000 25 60 22500 3700 35 60 33150 3700 35 60 4D6709 0933.2.15 run-in and flush, nthe initial 412-h operation of anew, rebuilt, or reconditioned power section at the beginning ofeither a conditioning test run or a full-length test.3.2.16 scheduled downtime, noff-test time that is specifi-cally allo

48、wed to include warm-up and cool-down periods aswell as shutdown and intermediate bearing weight loss mea-surements.3.2.17 shutdown, nthe procedure for turning off the en-gines ignition following the prescribed engine cool-downperiod.3.2.18 standard test, nan operationally valid, full-lengthSequence

49、VIII test conducted with a calibrated power sectionand test stand in accordance with the conditions listed in thistest method.3.2.19 stay-in-grade (stripped viscosity), nthe viscosity ofthe test oil after removal of volatile components and solids,according to the procedure shown in Annex A14.3.2.20 test oil, nan oil subjected to a Sequence VIIIengine oil test.3.2.20.1 DiscussionIt can be any oil selected by thelaboratory conducting the test. It could be an experimental oilor a commercially available oil. Often, it is an oil that is acandidate