1、Designation: D6774 02 (Reapproved 2010)Standard Test Method forCrimp and Shrinkage Properties for Textured Yarns Using aDynamic Textured Yarn Tester1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6774; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,
2、in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of crimpcontraction, residual fiber shr
3、inkage and their variability of alltypes of filament yarns (partially oriented yarn (POY), fullyoriented yarn (FOY), flat yarns, textured and bulked continu-ous filament (BCF) carpet yarns) using an automated tester.NOTE 1For another method of testing crimp in textured yarns, refer toTest Method D40
4、31.1.1.1 This method may also be used for non-textured yarns.1.2 This test method is limited to crimped, multi-filamentyarns ranging from 22.0 to 890 dtex (15 to 800 denier) and forBCF yarns from 890 to 4200 dtex (800 to 3800 denier).1.3 The values stated in either SI or US customary units areto be
5、regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the U.S.customary units are in parentheses. The values stated in eachsystem are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shallbe used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in nonconformance with the method.1
6、.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Do
7、cuments2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD2258 Practice for Sampling Yarn for TestingD4031 Test Method for Bulk Properties of Textured YarnsD4849 Terminology Related to Yarns and Fibers3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of textile terms in this test method, referto Terminology
8、D4849. For other textile terms used in this testmethod, refer to Terminology D123.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The specimen passes through a pretension device toremove crimp. The specimen then passes, at a constant speed,around an input roller, to a calibrated sensor which maintains aspecific tensio
9、n.4.1.1 Subsequently, the specimen passes through a heatingelement, at a low tension, where the specimen shrinks andagain is crimped.4.1.2 The crimped specimen then goes to an intermediateroll, at a low tension.4.1.3 The specimen then travels to a second sensor, whichmaintains a tension equal to the
10、 pretension applied, to removedeveloped crimp.4.2 Residual fiber shrinkage, crimp developed, and maxi-mum total contraction are calculated by the computer softwareusing speeds of the input, intermediate and output rolls.5. Significance and Use5.1 Test Method D6774, for determining maximum totalcontr
11、action, crimp, and residual fiber shrinkage in texturedfilament yarns is suitable for acceptance testing of commercialshipments.5.1.1 If there are differences of practical significance be-tween reported test results for two laboratories (or more),comparative tests should be performed to determine if
12、 there isa statistical bias between them, using competent statisticalassistance. As a minimum, use the samples for such a com-parative tests that are as homogeneous as possible, drawn fromthe same lot of material as the samples that resulted in disparateresults during initial testing and randomly as
13、signed in equalnumbers to each laboratory. The test results from the labora-tories involved should be compared using a statistical test forunpaired data, a probability level chosen prior to the testingseries. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and1This test method is under the jurisd
14、iction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.58 on Yarns and Fibers.Current edition approved June 1, 2010. Published September 2010. Originallyapproved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D6774-02. DOI:10.1520/D6774-02R10.2For referenced
15、 ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Cons
16、hohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.corrected, or future test results for that material must beadjusted in consideration of the known bias.5.2 The properties and their variability as measured by thismethod relate to bulk appearance, stretch and recovery offabrics and dyeability of yarns.5.3 For s
17、ome yarns, elapsed time between processing andtesting has a marked effect on the results, of this test, especiallyduring the first 72 h. The effect is caused by stress decay whichis known to be minimal beyond the seventh day and afterwhich time the yarn remains relatively stable. Therefore,specimens
18、 should only be compared if tested after the sameelapsed time. Samples can be tested at-line, thus having little tono elapsed time between processing and testing.6. Apparatus6.1 Textured Yarn Tester3, equipped with the following:6.1.1 Non-contact Heater Tube, with a temperature rangefrom 100 to 205C
19、 (with an accuracy of 6 1C), for filamentyarns 22.0 to 890 dtex (15 to 800 denier): or6.1.1.1 Non-contact Heater Tube, with a temperature rangefrom 185 to 250C (with an accuracy of 6 1C), for textile andBCF yarns 890 to 4200 dtex (800 to 3800 denier).6.1.2 Pretension Device6.1.2.1 For filament yarns
20、 22.0 to 890 dtex (15 to 800denier), to control the tension within a range of 5 to 25 g, withan accuracy of 63%:or6.1.2.2 For textile and BCF yarns 890 to 4200 dtex (800 to3800 denier), to controls the tension within a range of 10 to 250g, with an accuracy of 6 3%.6.1.3 Sensor Assemblies, for Zones
21、1 and 2 (see Fig. 1).6.1.3.1 Fine Yarn Sensors, 22.0 to 890 dtex (15 to 800denier).6.1.3.2 Heavy Yarn Sensors, 890 to 4200 dtex (800 to 3800denier).6.1.4 Computer, Software and Printer.6.2 Static Eliminator, optional if necessary.NOTE 2A static eliminator is used when the static level in the yarn is
22、great enough to cause the filaments to flare out and cause snagging of thefilaments on components of the tester.6.3 Automatic Package Changer, for high volume produc-tion testing, optional.6.4 Tensiometer.7. Sampling7.1 Lot SampleFor acceptance testing, take a lot sampleof shipping containers as dir
23、ected in an applicable specifica-tion, or as agreed upon between the purchaser and supplier. Inthe absence of an applicable specification or agreement, take alot sample as directed in Practice D2258.NOTE 3An adequate specification or other agreement between thepurchaser and the supplier requires tak
24、ing into account the variabilitybetween shipping units, between packages or ends within a shipping unit,and between specimens from a single package to provide a sampling planwith a meaningful producers risk, consumers risk, acceptable quality3The sole source of supply of the Textured Yarn Apparatus
25、known to thecommittee is Lawson-Hemphill Sales, Inc., PO Drawer 6388, Spartanburg, SouthCarolina 29304, or (International Sales) Lawson-Hemphill Inc., 96 Hadwin Street,Central Falls, Rhode Island 02863. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, pleaseprovide information to ASTM headquarters. Your c
26、omments will receive carefulconsideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you mayattend.FIG. 1 Diagram of the Yarn Thread Path through the Textured Yarn TesterD6774 02 (2010)2level and limiting quality level.7.2 Laboratory SampleFor acceptance testing, take atrandom from e
27、ach shipping container in the lot sample thenumber of laboratory sampling units as directed in an appli-cable material specification or other agreement between pur-chaser and supplier such as an agreement to use PracticeD2258. Preferably, take the same number of laboratory unitsfrom each shipping co
28、ntainer in the lot sample.7.3 Number of SpecimensTest ten, 2-m length, specimensfrom each package in the laboratory sample.NOTE 4Current software for the test apparatus is designed to measureonly in meters. When available, tests can be run in 2 yd increments.8. Conditioning8.1 Conditioning and preco
29、nditioning are not required. Test-ing may be performed in the production area (at-line).9. Preparation and Calibration of Apparatus9.1 For yarn types and deniers not previously tested, and forwhich initial set-up conditions have not been established,follow the directions in Annex A1 before proceedin
30、g to 9.2.9.2 For previously tested yarn types and deniers for whichset-up procedures have been established, prepare and calibratethe tester using the established set-up procedure for that yarn,manufacturers manual, A1.1-A1.10 and the following infor-mation.9.2.1 Turn on the motor and check the speed
31、 on thecomputer monitor.9.2.2 Check that both appropriate sensor assemblies (zone 1and zone 2) for freedom of movement.9.2.3 Set the zero adjustment for the sensing arms andcalibrate the tester.9.2.4 Set sensing arm tension and pretension as prescribedin A1.4-A1.6 or refer to manufacturers operation
32、al manual.9.2.5 Stop the tester motor.10. Procedure10.1 Operate the test apparatus as directed in the manufac-turers operating manual.10.2 When performing routine testing and the parametershave previously been set as directed in Section 9, follow theprocedure below.10.2.1 Thread the yarn in the test
33、er and let the tester runabout a minute. Check to ensure that the yarn moves freelythrough the tester in the center of the heating tube.10.2.2 Stop the tester.10.2.3 Set the pretension as required for the yarn under test.10.2.4 Set the test length to 2 m and the number of tests toten.10.2.5 Enter th
34、e yarn identification information into thecomputer and start the test.10.2.6 When testing multiple packages, with different lineardensities, it may be necessary to reset the tensions in thesensing zones and pretension, with the change in linear density.10.2.7 Remove specimen from the tester when tes
35、ting iscomplete.11. Calculation of Results11.1 All calculations shown below, including averages,standard deviation and coefficient of variation for the labora-tory sampling units and for the lot, are determined using theFIG. 2 Diagram Relating the Terminology of Textured Yarn TesterD6774 02 (2010)3c
36、omputer software. Equations used for determining the prop-erty values are given in the following sections (see Fig. 2).11.2 Total ContractionCalculate the total contraction tothe nearest 0.1 % using Eq 1.T 5 100R1 2 R2!R1(1)where:T = total contraction, %,R1 = input roller speed, m/min (yd/min), andR
37、2 = intermediate roller speed, m/min (yd/min).11.3 CrimpCalculate the crimp developed to the nearest0.1 % using Eq 2.C 5 100R3 2 R2!R3(2)where:C = crimp, %, andR3 = output roller speed, m/min (yd/min).11.4 Residual Fiber ShrinkageCalculate the residual fibershrinkage to the nearest 0.1 % using Eq 3.
38、S 5 100R1 2 R3!R1(3)where:S = residual fiber shrinkage, %.12. Report12.1 State that the specimens were tested as directed in TestMethod D6774. Describe the material or product sampled andthe method of sampling used.12.2 Report the following properties for each specimen andaverages for each laborator
39、y sampling unit and lot sample forthe following parameters:12.2.1 Maximum total contraction.12.2.2 Crimp.12.2.3 Residual fiber shrinkage.12.2.4 Standard deviation and coefficient of variation.12.2.5 Mean values for maximum total contraction andresidual fiber shrinkage, and the standard deviation and
40、 coef-ficient of variation for the lot sample.12.3 Report the following test conditions used for the test:12.3.1 Test speed used.12.3.2 Test temperature used.12.3.3 Specify heater type.12.3.4 Pretension used.12.3.5 If static eliminator was used during testing.12.3.6 Elapsed time.13. Precision and Bi
41、as13.1 PrecisionAn interlaboratory study was performed toestimate variability of the test method. The study included 12laboratories. Four operators were used to measure three speci-mens for five different yarns, which develop crimp in hot wetconditions on two different days. ANOVA was used to deter-
42、mine variance components:Method repeatability is defined as the “maximum difference”that can “reasonably” be expected between two test resultsobtained on the same material when the test results areobtained in the same laboratory. Repeatability standard devia-tion, sr, is taken to be the square root
43、of the “specimen”variance component, and represents within-operator precision.Method reproducibility is defined as the “maximum difference”that can “reasonably” be expected between two test resultsobtained on the same material when the test results areobtained from different laboratories.4sR, the to
44、tal standarddeviation, is formed by taking the square root of the sum ofintra- and inter-laboratory variance components.13.2 BiasThe procedure of this test method produces atest value that can be defined only in terms of a test method.There is no independent referee method by which bias may bedeterm
45、ined. This test method has no known bias.14. Keywords14.1 crimp; residual fiber shrinkage; textured yarn; totalcontraction4John Mandel and Theodore W. Lashof, 1987. The Nature of Repeatability andReproducibility. Jour. Quality Technology, 19 (1).TABLE 1 Response = Total Contraction (%)Material Avera
46、ge V(Instrument) V(Operator) V(Package) V(Specimen)75 16.61146 0.03422 0.00000 1.73951 0.02205150 15.69156 0.01678 0.00000 0.42009 0.03236165 15.32594 0.11261 0.00000 0.27580 0.02625190 18.34844 0.35085 0.00000 2.88366 0.07342TABLE 2 Response = Shrinkage (%)Material Average V(Instrument) V(Operator)
47、 V(Package) V(Specimen)75 3.28594 0.03306 0.00000 0.08752 0.00689150 1.74146 0.02272 0.00000 0.00268 0.01810165 4.55219 0.00082 0.00000 0.68329 0.03363190 2.67563 0.09634 0.00000 0.19280 0.01388TABLE 3 Response = Total Contraction (%)Material srRepeatability sRReproducibility75 0.14849 0.41160 1.340
48、06 3.71447150 0.17989 0.49864 0.68501 1.89875165 0.16203 0.44912 0.64395 1.78493190 0.27096 0.75108 1.81877 5.04137TABLE 4 Response = Shrinkage (%)Material srRepeatability sRReproducibility75 0.08303 0.23016 0.35703 0.98964150 0.13455 0.37296 0.20857 0.57812165 0.18338 0.50830 0.84720 2.34831190 0.1
49、1782 0.32658 0.55047 1.52583D6774 02 (2010)4ANNEX(Mandatory Information)A1. SET-UP TO ESTABLISH TESTING CONDITIONS FOR THE TEXTURED YARN TESTERNOTE A1.1The instructions may vary slightly for the different ver-sions of this instrument. In each case, refer to the manufacturersoperational manual.A1.1 Set the heater temperature to approximately 100Cand allow ample time for the heater to reach the temperature.This temperature is the starting point for the heat curve.A1.2 Make a zero calibration using the manufacturersoperation manual.A1.3 Set the machine spe
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