1、Designation: D6797 07 (Reapproved 2011)D6797 15Standard Test Method forBursting Strength of Fabrics Constant-Rate-of-Extension(CRE) Ball Burst Test1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6797; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, i
2、n the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method describes the measurement for bursting strength of woven and knit
3、ted textiles taken from rolls of fabricor fabric taken from garments.NOTE 1For the measurement of bursting strength with a hydraulic or pneumatic machine, refer to Test Method D3786. For the measurement of thebursting strength by means of a ball burst mechanism, refer to Test Method D3787NOTE 2Const
4、ant Rate of Traverse (CRT) machines and Constant Rate of Extension (CRE) machines have been shown to provide different results.When using a CRT device, refer to Test Method D3787.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or U.S. customary units are to be regarded as standard, but must be used indepen
5、dentlyof each other. The U.S. customary units may be approximate.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the appl
6、icability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesD2904 Practice for InterlaboratoryTesting of aTextileTest Method that Produces Normally Distributed Data (Withdrawn 2008
7、)3D2906 Practice for Statements on Precision and Bias for Textiles (Withdrawn 2008)3D3786 Test Method for Bursting Strength of Textile FabricsDiaphragm Bursting Strength Tester MethodD3787 Test Method for Bursting Strength of TextilesConstant-Rate-of-Traverse (CRT) Ball Burst TestD4850 Terminology R
8、elating to Fabrics and Fabric Test Methods3. Terminology3.1 For all terminology related to D13.59, Fabric Test Methods, General, see Terminology D4850.3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard: bursting strength, constantrate-of-traverse (CRT) tensile testingmachine, fabric.3.2 For def
9、initions of all other textile terms see Terminology D123.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Set up the tensile tester for performing the ball burst test in accordance with the manufactures instructions. A specimen ofthe fabric is securely clamped to the CRE machine without tension to the ball burst attach
10、ment. A force is exerted against thespecimen by a polished, hardened steel ball until rupture occurs.5. Significance and Use5.1 This method is used to determine the force required to rupture textile fabric by forcing a steel ball through the fabric witha constant-rate-of-extension tensile tester.1 T
11、his test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.59 on Fabric Test Methods, General.Current edition approved May 1, 2011July 1, 2015. Published August 2007September 2015. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition
12、 approved in 200220011as D6797D679707(2011).02. DOI: 10.1520/D6797-07R11.10.1520/D6797-15.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summ
13、ary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may no
14、t be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor D
15、rive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.2 This is a new method and therefore the history of data is very small, however the agreement of within- laboratory datasuggest this method may be considered for acceptance testing of commercial shipments with caution.5.2.1 If ther
16、e are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparativetest should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As aminimum, samples used for such comparative test should b
17、e as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the same lot of material asthe samples that resulted in disparate results during initial testing, and randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory.Other fabrics with established test values may also be used for these comparative tests. The test resul
18、ts from the laboratoriesinvolved should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. Ifbias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that fabric must be adjusted in considerationof the kno
19、wn bias.6. Apparatus6.1 Tensile Testing Machine4, of the constant-rate-of- extension (CRE) type.6.2 Ball-Burst Attachment4, consisting of a clamping mechanism to hold the test specimen and a steel ball attached to themoveable member of the tensile tester.6.2.1 The polished steel ball shall have a di
20、ameter of 25.400 6 0.005 mm (1.0000 6 0.0002 in.) and shall be spherical within0.005 mm (0.0002 in.). The ring clamp shall have an internal diameter of 44.450 6 0.025 mm (1.750 6 0.001 in.).7. Sampling, Selection, and Number of Specimens7.1 Primary Sampling UnitConsider rolls, bolts or pieces of fab
21、ric, or cartons of fabric components of fabricated systems suchas garments to be the primary sampling unit, as applicable.7.2 Laboratory Sampling UnitAs a laboratory sampling unit take from the primary sampling unit at least one full-width pieceof fabric that is 1 m (1 yd) in length along the selvag
22、e (machine direction), after removing the first 1 m (1 yd) length. For circularknit fabrics cut a band at least 300 mm (12 in.) wide. When applicable, use the entire fabric component of the fabricated systems.7.3 Test Specimen SelectionFrom each laboratory sampling unit, take five test specimens. Sp
23、ecimen preparation need not becarried out in the standard atmosphere for testing. Label to maintain specimen identity.7.3.1 When the end-use fabric component of fabricated systems is provided, take specimens from different areas. That is, if theproduct is a garment worn on the upper body, then take
24、specimens from the shoulder, shirt tail, shirt back and front, and sleeve.7.3.2 For fabric widths 125 mm (5 in.) or more, take no specimen closer than 25 mm (1 in.) from the selvage edge.7.3.3 For fabric widths less than 125 mm (5 in.), use the entire width for specimens.7.3.4 Cut specimens represen
25、ting a broad distribution diagonally across the width of the laboratory sampling unit. Takelengthwise specimens from different positions across the width of the fabric. Take widthwise specimens from different positionsalong the length of the fabric.7.3.5 Ensure specimens are free of folds, creases,
26、or wrinkles. Avoid getting oil, water, grease, etc. On the specimen whenhandling.7.3.6 If the fabric has a pattern, ensure that the specimens are a representative sampling of the pattern.7.4 Specimen PreparationAs test specimens from each laboratory sampling unit, proceed as follows:7.4.1 For fabric
27、s, cut five specimens at least 125 125 mm (5 5 in.).7.4.2 Garments may not require cutting if the equipment has ample room to clamp the garment in the apparatus. Fivedeterminations should be made on each garment.8. Conditioning8.1 Bring the specimens (or laboratory samples) from the prevailing atmos
28、phere to moisture equilibrium for testing textiles inthe standard atmosphere for testing as prescribed in Practice D1776.9. Procedure9.1 Unless otherwise specified, make all tests on samples conditioned in the standard atmosphere for testing as specified in 8.1.9.2 Place the specimen without tension
29、 in the ring clamp and fasten securely. Start the CRE machine and maintain a speed of305 6 13 mm/min (12 6 0.5 in./min). Continue that speed until the specimen bursts. Record to the nearest 5 N (1.0 lbf) theball-bursting strength of the specimen.10. Report10.1 State that the specimens were tested as
30、 directed in Test Method D6797. Describe the material or product sampled, and themethod of sampling used.4 Apparatus is commercially available.D6797 15210.2 Report the bursting strength of each specimen and the average bursting strength of the five specimens from each laboratorysample to the nearest
31、 0.5 N (0.1 lbf).11. Precision and Bias11.1 SummaryBased upon limited information from one laboratory, the single-operator and within-laboratory components ofvariation and critical differences shown in Tables 1 and 2 are approximate. These tables are constructed to illustrate what onelaboratory foun
32、d when all the observations are taken by the same well-trained operators using the same piece of equipment andspecimens randomly drawn from the sample of material. For this laboratory, in comparing two averages, the differences shouldnot exceed the single-operator precision values shown in Table 2 f
33、or the respective number of tests in 95 out of 100 cases.Differences for other laboratories may be larger or smaller.11.2 Single-Laboratory Test DataA single-laboratory test was run in 1997 in which randomly-drawn samples of two wovenmaterials were tested. Two operators in the laboratory each tested
34、 ten specimens from each mate. Five of the ten specimens weretested on one day and five specimens were tested on a second day. Analysis of the data was conducted using Practices D2904 andD2906. The components of variance for Bursting StrengthConstant-Rate-Of-Extension (CRE) Ball Burst Method express
35、ed asstandard deviations were calculated to be the values listed in Table 1.11.3 PrecisionBecause tests were conducted in only one laboratory estimates of between laboratory precision may be eitherunderestimated or overestimated to a considerable extent and should be used with special caution. Befor
36、e a meaningful statementcan be made about two specific laboratories, the amount of statistical bias, if any, between them must be established, with eachcomparison being based on recent data obtained on specimens taken from a lot of material of the type being evaluated so as tobe as nearly homogeneou
37、s as possible and then randomly assigned in equal numbers to each of the laboratories. However whenagreed upon between the contractual parties, for the approximate components of variance reported in Table 1, two averages ofobserved values may be considered significantly different at the 95 % probabi
38、lity level if the difference equals or exceeds thecritical differences listed in Table 2, for Bursting Strength-Constant-Rate-of-Extension (CRE) Ball Burst Method.11.4 BiasThe value of Bursting Strength-Constant-Rate-of-Extension (CRE) Ball Burst Method can only be defined in termsof a test method.
39、Within this limitation, Test Method D6797 has no known bias.12. Keywords12.1 ball burst; bursting strengthTABLE 1 Grand Average and Components of Variance Expressedas Standard DeviationsA for Bursting StrengthConstant-Rate-of-Extension (CRE) Ball Burst Method, lbfGrand Averageand Component Material
40、1 Material 2Grand Average 172.2 131.2Single-Operator Component 8.1 9.0Within-LaboratoryComponent0 0TABLE 1 Grand Average and Components of Variance Expressedas Standard DeviationsA for Bursting StrengthConstant-Rate-of-Extension (CRE) Ball Burst Method, lbfGrand Averageand Component Material 1 Mater
41、ial 2Grand Average 172.2 131.2Single-Operator Component 8.1 9.0Within-LaboratoryComponent0 0A The square roots of the components of variance are being reported to expressthe variability in the appropriate units of measure rather than as the squares ofthose units of measure.D6797 153ASTM Internationa
42、l takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their o
43、wn responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be ad
44、dressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, a
45、t the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585
46、 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 2 Critical Differences for Burs
47、ting StrengthConstant-Rate-of-Extension (CRE) Ball Burst Method, lbf, for theConditions NotedAMaterialsNumber ofObservationsin Each AverageSingle-OperatorPrecisionWithin-LaboratoryPrecisionMaterial 1 1 22.4 22.42 15.9 15.95 10.0 10.010 7.1 7.1Material 2 1 25.0 25.02 17.7 17.75 11.2 11.210 7.9 7.9TAB
48、LE 2 Critical Differences for Bursting StrengthConstant-Rate-of-Extension (CRE) Ball Burst Method, lbf, for theConditions NotedAMaterialsNumber ofObservationsin Each AverageSingle-OperatorPrecisionWithin-LaboratoryPrecisionMaterial 1 1 22.4 22.42 15.9 15.95 10.0 10.010 7.1 7.1Material 2 1 25.0 25.02 17.7 17.75 11.2 11.210 7.9 7.9A The critical differences were calculated using t = 1.960, which is based on infinitedegrees of freedom.D6797 154
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