ASTM D6799-2007 Standard Terminology Relating to Inflatable Restraints《与充气减震相关的标准术语》.pdf

1、Designation: D 6799 07Standard Terminology Relating toInflatable Restraints1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6799; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenthe

2、ses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard covers terminology which is used in theevaluation of inflatable restraint fabrics, cushions, and mod-ules.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM

3、Standards:2D 123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD 3990 Terminology Relating to Fabric Defects3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:abrasion, nfor inflatable restraint fabrics, a fuzzy cluster ofbroken filaments damaged by scraping.accelerated aging, nin textile processing and testing, the useof controlled

4、environmental conditions to promote rapidphysical or chemical change in a textile material.DISCUSSIONFor inflatable restraints, practices for conducting accel-erated aging are designed to determine the aggravated effects on afabric from exposures to heat, humidity, or ozone, or a combinationthereof.

5、 These environmental conditions may also be cycled in combi-nation. The four accelerated aging procedures of concern to the designand manufacture of inflatable restraints are referred to as cycle aging,heat aging, humidity aging, and ozone aging.air splice, nfor inflatable restraint fabrics, the thi

6、ckerportion of a yarn resulting from the entanglement of thefilaments at the ends of two multifilament yarns to create acontinuous yarn.average dynamic air permeability (ADAP), nfor inflatablerestraints, the average of all of DAP measurements within aspecified range of pressure differentials.bleedth

7、rough, nfor coated inflatable restraint fabrics, thepresence of coating material on the uncoated side, betweentwo yarns, without covering either yarn.blip, nfor inflatable restraint fabrics, any short, irregularlyshaped or textured portion of an individual multifilamentyarn that has been woven into

8、the fabric, including sloughoffs, stripbacks, fuzz balls, snarls, and slubs.breakout pressure, nfor inflatable restraints, the pressurelevel during deployment which ruptures the module cover.broken filament, nfor inflatable restraint fabrics, an indi-vidual filament, separated from a multifilament y

9、arn bundle,that lies on the surface of the fabric.bruise, nfor inflatable restraint fabrics, a shift in thesquareness of the weave pattern in an area that has beensubjected to impact or pressure.coating slub, nfor coated inflatable restraint fabrics, anirregularly shaped lump of coating material on

10、the surface ofthe coated layer resembling a yarn slub.coating streak, nfor coated inflatable restraint fabrics,minor variation in the color or opacity of the coated layer.coating transfer, nfor coated inflatable restraint fabrics, thepresence of coating material on the uncoated side, coveringone or

11、more yarns.contamination, nfor coated inflatable restraint fabrics, thepresence of non-coating material in the coated layer.cushion, nfor inflatable restraints, the inflatable fabricenvelope portion of a module.cushion overpressurization, nfor inflatable restraints, theprocess of inflating a cushion

12、 at internal pressures greaterthan design deployment pressures; bag burst.defect, nspecific for inflatable restraints, an imperfection ina cut piece of fabric that judgment and experience indicate islikely to result in either hazardous or improper deploymentof the inflatable restraint module in whic

13、h the imperfectionis incorporated.DISCUSSIONAn example of a defect is a hole in the piece of fabricthrough which inflation gases can vent improperly.deployment, nfor inflatable restraints, the sequence ofevents related to the activation of a module.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction ofASTM

14、Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.20 on Inflatable Restraints.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2007. Published January 2007. Originallyapproved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D 6799 05.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM webs

15、ite, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United Stat

16、es.dynamic air permeability (DAP), nfor inflatable restraints,the dynamic air permeability measured at a single specifiedpressure differential.edgecombing, nfor inflatable restraints, the separation ofyarns from their normal orthagonal configuration in a wovenfabric due to seam stress or similar act

17、ion near the edge of acut partenvironmental conditions, nin textile testing, the atmo-sphere in which specified moisture levels, temperatureranges, and concentrations of gases are controlled.exponent of dynamic air permeability (EXP), nfor inflat-able restraints, a descriptive factor used in a mathe

18、maticalmodel integral to the apparatus software which relates thechange in dynamic air permeability as the pressure differen-tial changes.filling bar, nfor inflatable restraint fabrics, a temporarychange in the filling-wise density of the weave pattern. (Syn:stop/start mark.)finished, adjfor inflata

19、ble restraint fabrics, a descriptiveterm for fabric that has been treated after weaving and thatis suitable for coating or piece cutting.flat fabric, nfor inflatable restraints, fabric composed of asingle woven layer. (See also one-piece woven).foreign matter, nfor inflatable restraint fabrics, an e

20、xtrane-ous interwoven fragment whose size, color, or textureindicates that it is not of the same material as the fibers in thebase fabric.grading, nthe procedure used to identify and quantify thenumber of imperfections in a roll of fabric detected duringvisual inspection.hard contamination, nfor coa

21、ted inflatable restraint fab-rics, the presence of non-coating material within or on thecoating layer, such material visibly appearing to be of largesize, coarse or sharp in texture, and of a thickness thatprotrudes significantly above the surface of the coating layer.DISCUSSIONExamples are metal fi

22、lings, glass, plastic, or woodsplinters.DISCUSSIONSide lighting of fabric during fabric inspection may beused to determine how significantly contamination protrudes from thesurface of the fabric.heavy coating streak, nfor coated inflatable restraint fab-rics, a narrow area of fabric, generally in th

23、e shape of a lineoriented in the warp direction of the fabric, in which thecoating layer is visibly at a higher rate of coverage than thesurrounding material.hole, nfor inflatable restraint fabrics, an opening not char-acteristic of the normal weave pattern where one or moreyarns is cut, torn, or sh

24、ifted.imperfection, na departure of a quality characteristic fromits intended level or state.inflatable restraint, na vehicular safety device designed tocushion an occupant or equipment during collision; anairbag.inflator, nfor inflatable restraints, a device for generatingand directing expansion ga

25、ses into a cushion.ink stain, nfor inflatable restraint fabrics, presence ofmarking ink in an area of fabric not provided for identifica-tion by an applicable specification.light coating, nfor coated inflatable restraint fabrics, alocalized amorphous area of fabric in which the coating layeris visib

26、ly at a lower rate of coverage than the surroundingmaterial.light coating streak, nfor coated inflatable restraint fabrics,a narrow area of light coating, generally in the shape of a lineoriented in the warp direction of the fabric.long float, nfor inflatable restraints fabrics, a small changein the

27、 weave pattern where a warp or filling yarn extendsover six or more filling or warp yarns with which it shouldbe interlaced.loop, nfor inflatable restraint fabrics, a continuous yarn thatcurls back on itself and protrudes from the surface of thefabric. (Syn. kink, snag.)major imperfection, nin fabri

28、c grading, a deviation in a rollof fabric that judgment and experience indicate is likely tohave an adverse affect on subsequent use or processing of thefabric.DISCUSSIONExamples of major imperfections are a yarn loop thatcould become snagged upon deployment of the cushion and a fabricstain that cou

29、ld affect the physical properties of the material.marking ink, nfor inflatable restraint fabrics, pigment inthe shape of characters or patterns intentionally applied onfabric for the purpose of identification.maximum inflation pressure, nfor inflatable restraints, themaximum internal cushion pressur

30、e occurring after breakoutpressure.minor imperfection, nin fabric grading, a deviation in a rollof fabric that judgment and experience indicate is likely tohave no bearing on subsequent use or processing of thefabric.DISCUSSIONExamples of minor imperfections are a seam mark anda stop/start mark.miss

31、ing coating, nfor coated inflatable restraint fabrics,portions of the coated layer containing exposed base fabricor scrape marks in the coated layer.missing yarn, nfor inflatable restraint fabrics, a yarndiscontinuity resulting in a change in weave pattern.misweave, nfor inflatable restraint fabrics

32、 a change in theweave pattern caused by incorrect interlacing or insertion ofa yarn. (Includes mispick, wrong, draw, jerk-in.)module, nfor inflatable restraints, an assembly composed ofan inflator, cushion, mounting device, trigger, and cover.one-piece woven, adjfor inflatable restraints, a descrip

33、tiverelated to either 1) a tubulary woven fabric composed oftwo-layer inflatable sections, visible lines where the twolayers initially interlace, and non-inflatable woven sections,or 2) the cushion cut from such fabric.DISCUSSIONUnder certain designs, a weaving machine is capable ofsimultaneously we

34、aving two separate layers of fabric, one over theother, with tight interlacings selectively woven between them. Wherethe layers are not interlaced, the fabric is capable of being inflated;where they are interlaced, inflation is not possible. Although the patternin the fabric described by the visible

35、 line where the two inflatable layersinterlace may be a complex shape other than a tube, the construction iscommonly referred to as tubularly woven. such weaving methods areD6799072sometimes used to minimize sewn seams in the manufacture ofinflatable restraint cushions.packability, nfor inflatable r

36、estraints, the compressibility ofa folded airbag cushion relative to the space available in anairbag module.rework, nfor inflatable restraints, the deviation from normalprocess flow remedially altering finished fabric, coatedfabric, or cut pieces for the purpose of minimizing orremoving a major impe

37、rfection.sharp crease, nfor inflatable restraint fabrics, a sharp ridgethat can be felt easily, caused by a hard folding of the fabricover itself not by design.short float, nfor inflatable restraints fabrics, a warp orfilling yarn extending over five or fewer filling or warp yarnswith which it shoul

38、d be interlaced.short knot, nfor inflatable restraints fabrics, a small knob ofyarn and associated tails where two yarns are tied togetherby interlocking loops for the purpose of maintaining yarncontinuity.soft contamination, nfor coated inflatable restraint fabrics,the presence of non-coating mater

39、ial within or on the coatinglayer, such material visibly appearing to be of small size,smooth in surface texture, and of a thickness that does notprotrude significantly above the surface of the coating layer.DISCUSSIONExamples are dirt smudge, lint, human hair, yarnfilaments, and flies and similarly

40、 small insects.DISCUSSIONSide lighting of fabric during fabric inspection may beused to determine how significantly contamination protrudes from thesurface of the fabric.specific packability, nfor inflatable restraints, volumetricindex of compressibility for a folded fabric specimen mea-sured at spe

41、cified levels of compression.spit mark, nfor coated inflatable restraint fabrics,anessentially round spot of coating material on the surface ofthe coated layer.stitching, nfor one-piece woven inflatable restraint fabrics,the presence of an interlace between two layers of fabric inan area not provide

42、d for interlacing by an applicablespecification.tight yarn, nfor inflatable restraint fabrics, a yarn with lesscrimp than surrounding fibers that may create puckering,which may appear to be shinier or to lie straighter in theweave pattern, or a combination thereof.yarn streak, nfor inflatable restra

43、int fabrics, discolorationof an individual yarn that does not affect adjacent yarns.4. Keywords4.1 airbag; inflatable restraintASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are

44、expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not re

45、vised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you

46、may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D6799073