1、Designation: D6823 08 (Reapproved 2013)Standard Specification forCommercial Boiler Fuels With Used Lubricating Oils1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6823; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year
2、 of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers four gr
3、ades of fuel oil made ofat least 25 % used lubricating oils. The four grades of fuel areintended for use in various types of fuel-oil-burning industrialequipment and commercial boilers under various climatic andoperating conditions. These fuels are not intended for use inresidential heaters.1.1.1 Gr
4、ades RFC4, RFC5L, RFC5H and RFC6 are usedlubricating oil blends of increasing viscosity, with or withoutmiddle distillate or residual fuel oil, or both, that are intendedfor use in industrial burners and commercial boilers equippedto handle these types of fuels. This specification is forapplications
5、 where Specification D6448 would not meet theperformance or other requirements of the burner or boiler inquestion.NOTE 1For information on the significance of the terminology andtest methods used in this specification, see Appendix X1.1.2 This specification is for use in contracts for the purchaseof
6、 fuel oils derived from used lubricating oil and for theguidance of consumers of such fuels. This specification doesnot address the frequency with which any particular test mustbe run.1.3 Nothing in this specification shall preclude observanceof national or local regulations which can be more restri
7、ctive.In some jurisdictions, used oil is considered a hazardous wasteand fuels derived from used oil are required to meet certaincriteria before use as a fuel.NOTE 2For United States federal requirements imposed on used oilgenerators, transporters and transfer facilities, reprocessors, marketers,and
8、 burners, see 40 CFR Part 279.NOTE 3The generation and dissipation of static electricity can createproblems in the handling of distillate burner fuel oils. For more informa-tion on the subject, see Guide D4865.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measure
9、ment are included in thisstandard.1.4.1 ExceptionTable 1 and Table X1.1 include inch-pound values in parentheses for information only.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup TesterD93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-MartensClosed Cup Tester
10、D95 Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products andBituminous Materials by DistillationD97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum ProductsD129 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Gen-eral High Pressure Decomposition Device Method)D240 Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hy-drocar
11、bon Fuels by Bomb CalorimeterD396 Specification for Fuel OilsD445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D473 Test Method for Sediment in Crude Oils and Fuel Oilsby the Extraction MethodD482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Produ
12、ctsD664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Productsby Potentiometric TitrationD974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator TitrationD1266 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (LampMethod)D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or APIGravity of Crude Petroleum a
13、nd Liquid Petroleum Prod-ucts by Hydrometer MethodD1552 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (High-Temperature Method)D1796 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils bythe Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)D2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products byWavelength Dispersive
14、 X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.P0 on Recycled Products.Current edition approved July 1, 2013. Published August 2013. Originallyapproved in 2002
15、. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D6823 08. DOI:10.1520/D6823-08R13.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on
16、the ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1D2983 Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Lu-bricants Measured by Brookfield ViscometerD3228 Test Method for Total Nitrogen in Lubricating Oilsand Fuel Oils by
17、Modified Kjeldahl MethodD3245 Test Method for Pumpability of Industrial Fuel Oils(Withdrawn 2010)3D3828 Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale ClosedCup TesterD4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and APIGravity of Liquids by Digital Density MeterD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of
18、 Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, PetroleumProducts, and LubricantsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4294 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and PetroleumProducts by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spec-trometryD4629
19、 Test Method for Trace Nitrogen in Liquid PetroleumHydrocarbons by Syringe/Inlet Oxidative Combustion andChemiluminescence DetectionD4865 Guide for Generation and Dissipation of Static Elec-tricity in Petroleum Fuel SystemsD4868 Test Method for Estimation of Net and Gross Heat ofCombustion of Burner
20、 and Diesel FuelsD5185 Test Method for Determination ofAdditive Elements,Wear Metals, and Contaminants in Used Lubricating Oilsand Determination of Selected Elements in Base Oils byInductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrom-etry (ICP-AES)D5291 Test Methods for Instrumental Determination ofC
21、arbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen in Petroleum Productsand LubricantsD5384 Test Methods for Chlorine in Used Petroleum Prod-ucts (Field Test Kit Method)D5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samplesof Petroleum and Petroleum ProductsD6160 Test Method for Determination of PolychlorinatedBipheny
22、ls (PCBs) in Waste Materials by Gas Chromatog-raphy3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.TABLE 1 Detailed Requirements for Non-Industrial Burner Fuels from Used Lubricating OilsProperties Test MethodALimitsBRFC4 RFC5L RFC5H RFC6PhysicalViscosity at 100C
23、mm2/sCD445min . . . . . . 5.0 9.0 15.0max . . . 50 ppm to 50 ppm and oils 50 ppm to less than 2 ppm.D6823 08 (2013)2D6448 Specification for Industrial Burner Fuels from UsedLubricating OilsD6450 Test Method for Flash Point by Continuously ClosedCup (CCCFP) TesterD7042 Test Method for Dynamic Viscosi
24、ty and Density ofLiquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation ofKinematic Viscosity)2.2 ISO Standard:4ISO 8217 Petroleum ProductsFuel (Class F)Specificationsfor Marine Fuels2.3 U.S. Code of Federal Regulations:540 CFR Part 761 Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)Manufacturing, Processing, Distri
25、bution in Commerce,and Use Prohibitions40 CFR Part 279 Standards for the Management of Used Oil2.4 US EPA Standards:6SW-846 Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Wastes Physical/Chemical MethodsSW-846 5050 Bomb Preparation Method for Solid WasteSW-846 6010 Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emis-sion Spe
26、ctrometrySW-846 9056A Determination of Inorganic Anions by IonChromatographySW-846 9075 Test Method for Total Chlorine in New andUsed Petroleum Products by X-Ray Fluorescence Spec-trometry (XRF)SW-846 9076 Test Method for Total Chlorine in New andUsed Petroleum Products by Oxidative Combustion andMi
27、crocoulometrySW-846 9077 Test Methods for Total Chlorine in New andUsed Petroleum Products (Field Test Kit Methods)3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of other terms used in this specification,refer to Terminology D4175.3.2 Definitions:3.2.1 burner fuel oil, nany petroleum liquid suitable forthe gener
28、ation of heat by combustion in a furnace or firebox asa vapor or a spray, or a combination of both.3.2.1.1 DiscussionDifferent grades are characterized pri-marily by viscosity ranges.3.2.2 reclaiming, nthe use of cleaning methods duringrecycling primarily to remove insoluble contaminants, thusmaking
29、 the oil suitable for further use. The methods mayinclude settling, heating, dehydration, filtration, and centrifug-ing.3.2.3 recycling, nin petroleum technology, the acquisitionof oil that has become unsuitable for its intended use, andprocessing it in order to regain useful materials.3.2.4 re-refi
30、ning, nthe use of refining processes duringrecycling to produce high quality base stocks for lubricants orother petroleum products. Re-refining may include distillation,hydrotreating, or treatments employing acid, caustic, solvent,clay, or both, or other chemicals, or a combination thereof.3.2.5 use
31、d oil, nin petroleum product recycling, oil whosecharacteristics have changed since being originallymanufactured, and which is suitable for recycling.3.2.6 waste oil, nin petroleum technology, oil havingcharacteristics making it unsuitable either for further use or foreconomic recycling.3.3 Definiti
32、ons of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.3.1 commercial boiler, nindirect heating units whichtransfer thermal energy to water or other fluids or gases for usein heating and having a heat input between 0.3 to 10 106BTU/h.3.3.2 industrial burner, na device which produces heat forindustrial use through
33、 the combustion of liquid hydrocarbonfuels.3.3.2.1 DiscussionIndustrial burners are typically de-signed for one of two applications: (1) industrial furnacesintegral components of manufacturing processes that pro-vide direct heating; for example, in aggregate, cement, lime, orphosphate kilns; coke ov
34、ens; or blast, smelting, melting,refining, or drying ovens and (2) industrial boilerslargeindirect heating units which transfer thermal energy to water orother fluids or gases for use in heating in industrial settings andin manufacturing processes. These boilers can be classified asutility/large ind
35、ustrial boilers with a heat input greater than 100106BTU/h or small industrial boilers with a heat input ofbetween 10 to 100 106BTU/h.3.3.3 reprocessing, nin petroleum product recycling, thepreparation of used oil to be suitable as a fuel.3.3.3.1 DiscussionReprocessing includes procedures suchas set
36、tling, filtration, blending, distillation, or chemical treat-ment.3.4 Acronyms:3.4.1 ISOInternational Organization for Standardization.3.4.2 RCRAResource Conservation and Recovery Act(United States).3.4.3 US EPAUnited States Environmental ProtectionAgency.3.5 Abbreviations:3.5.1 CFRCode of Federal R
37、egulations.3.5.2 IAWin accordance with.3.5.3 RFC4recycled fuel, commercial boilers, grade num-ber 4.3.5.4 RFC5Lrecycled fuel, commercial boilers, gradenumber 5 light.3.5.5 RFC5Hrecycled fuel, commercial boilers, gradenumber 5 heavy.3.5.6 RFC6recycled fuel, commercial boilers, grade num-ber 6.4Availa
38、ble from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.5Available from U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent ofDocuments, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401(www.gpoaccess.gov).6Available from Environmental Protection Ag
39、ency, Ariel Rios Bldg., 1200Pennsylvania Ave., N.W., Washington, DC 20460 (www.epa.gov). Downloadablefiles available at http:/www.epa.gov/epawaste/hazard/testmethods/sw846/index.htm.D6823 08 (2013)33.5.7 SWsolid waste, SW-846SW-846Test Methods forEvaluating Solid Wastes Physical/Chemical Methods is
40、USEPA Office of Solid Wastes official compendium of analyticaland sampling methods for use in complying with the RCRAregulations.4. Significance and Use4.1 The intention of this specification is to cover fuel oilused in industrial equipment and commercial boilers as statedin the Scope section. The u
41、se of used lube oil in marine andindustrial diesel engines is a contentious issue.Amajor marinefuel oil specification is ISO 8217. Fuel oils manufacturedagainst this standard may also meet the requirements of ISO8217 and can be used in marine diesel engine operationsprovided compliance to ISO 8217 i
42、s demonstrated.5. Classification5.1 There are four grades of burner fuel containing recycledlubricating oils covered by this specification.These grades mayor may not correlate directly with similar grades in otherASTM standards. The RFC designation identifies them asrecycled fuel oil, commercial boi
43、lers.The usage descriptions ofeach grade may not describe all the uses, but are included asgeneral information. The four grades are described as follows:5.1.1 Grade RFC4Primarily a blend of used lubricatingoils and middle distillate or a reprocessed distillate productderived from used oil. It is int
44、ended for use in pressureatomizing industrial burners or commercial boilers with nopre-heating. This grade of recycled oil fuel is used in manymedium capacity industrial burners and commercial boilerswhere ease of handling justifies the higher cost over the heavierused oil fuels.5.1.2 Grade RFC5LA b
45、lend of a used lubricating oil or areprocessed product from used oil and middle distillate orresidual fuel of intermediate viscosity heavier than RFC4. It isintended for use both in pressure-atomizing industrial burnersand commercial boilers not requiring higher cost middledistillates and in burners
46、 and commercial boilers equipped toatomize fuel oils of higher viscosity with or without preheat-ing. Its permissible viscosity range allows it to be pumped andatomized at relatively low-storage temperatures.5.1.3 Grade RFC5HA used lubricating oil and residualblend fuel, heavier than Grade RFC5L. It
47、 is intended for use inindustrial burners and commercial boilers equipped with de-vices that atomize fuel oil of higher viscosity. Preheating maybe necessary in some types of equipment for burning and incolder climates for handling.5.1.4 Grade RFC6A high-viscosity used lubricating oiland fuel heavie
48、r than Grade RFC5H. It is intended for use inlarge industrial heaters and boilers and may require preheatingin the storage tank to permit pumping.Additional preheating atthe burner may be necessary to permit satisfactory atomization.The extra equipment and maintenance required to handle thisfuel usu
49、ally preclude its use in small installations.6. General Requirements6.1 The fuel oils specified herein shall contain a minimumof 25 % volume of used lubricating oil-derived products, thebalance being a Specification D396 fuel oil or suitable refinerystocks.6.2 The fuel oils shall be homogeneous fluids consistingprimarily of hydrocarbons. RFC shall remain homogeneousand uniform in storage and shall not separate by gravity intolayers in normal operating conditions.NOTE 4Prolonged storage or equipment down time may necessitatecirculation of
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