ASTM D6837-2006 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Effects of Automotive Engine Oils on Fuel Economy of Passenger Cars and Light-Duty Trucks in Sequence VIB Spark Ignition Eng.pdf

1、Designation: D 6837 06An American National StandardStandard Test Method forMeasurement of Effects of Automotive Engine Oils on FuelEconomy of Passenger Cars and Light-Duty Trucks inSequence VIB Spark Ignition Engine1, 2This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6837; the number immediatel

2、y following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe test

3、method described in this standard can be used by any properly equipped laboratory, withoutoutside assistance. However, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC)3provides reference oils andassessment of the test results obtained on those oils by the laboratory (see Annex A1). By this means,the laboratory

4、 will know whether their use of the test method gives results statistically similar to thoseobtained by other laboratories. Furthermore, various agencies require that a laboratory utilize the TMCservices in seeking qualification of oils against specifications. For example, the American PetroleumInst

5、itute (API) imposes such a requirement, in connection with several U.S. Army engine lubricatingoil specifications.Accordingly, this test method is written for use by laboratories, which utilize the TMC services.Laboratories that choose not to use those services may simply ignore those portions of th

6、e test methodthat refer to the TMC.This test method may be modified by means of Information Letters issued by the TMC. In addition,the TMC may issue supplementary memoranda related to the test method. Users of this test methodshall contact the TMC, Attention: Administrator, to obtain the most recent

7、 of these.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure for themeasurement of the effects of automotive engine oils on thefuel economy of passenger cars and light-duty 3856 kg (8500lb) or less gross vehicle weight trucks. The tests are conductedusing a specified 4.6-L spark-ignition e

8、ngine on a dynamom-eter test stand. It applies to multiviscosity grade oils used inthese applications.1.2 This test method also provides for the running of anabbreviated length test that is referred to as the VIBSJ. Theprocedure for VIBSJ is identical to the Sequence VIB with theexception of the ite

9、ms specifically listed in Annex A13. Theprocedure modifications listed in Annex A13 refer to thecorresponding section of the Sequence VIB test method.1.3 The unit values stated in this test method shall beregarded as the standard. Values given in parentheses areprovided for information purposes only

10、 SI units are consideredthe primary units for this test method. The only exception iswhere there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads,national pipe threads/diameters, tubing size, and so forth.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated wi

11、th its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This test method is arranged as follows:Subject SectionIntroductionScope 1Referenced Documents 2Terminolo

12、gy 3Summary of Test Method 4Significance and Use 5Apparatus 6General 6.1Test Engine Configuration 6.2Laboratory Ambient Conditions 6.3Engine Speed and Load Control 6.41This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibilit

13、y of SubcommitteeD02.B0 on Automotive Lubricants.Current edition approved May 1, 2006. Published May 2006. Originallyapproved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D 683705a.2The multi-cylinder engine test sequences were originally developed in 1956 byanASTM Committee D02 group. Subsequ

14、ently, the procedures were published in anASTM special technical publication. The Sequence VIB was published as ResearchReport RR:D021469 dated April 8, 1999.3ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 PennAvenue, Pittsburgh, PA15206-4489.For other information, refer to Research Report RR: D02:1469, Sequence

15、 VIB TestDevelopment. This research report and this test method are supplemented byInformation Letters and Memoranda issued by the ASTM TMC. This editionincorporates revisions in all Information Letters through No. 051.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohoc

16、ken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Subject SectionDynamometer 6.4.1Dynamometer Load 6.4.2Engine Cooling System 6.5External Oil System 6.6Fuel System 6.7Fuel Flow Measurement 6.7.2Fuel Temperature and Pressure Control tothe Fuel Flowmeter6.7.3Fuel Temperature and Pressure Control toEngine Fuel Rail6.7

17、4Fuel Supply Pumps 6.7.5Fuel Filtering 6.7.6Engine Intake Air Supply 6.8Intake Air Humidity 6.8.1Intake Air Filtration 6.8.2Intake Air Pressure Relief 6.8.3Temperature Measurement 6.9Thermocouple Location 6.9.5AFR Determination 6.10Exhaust and Exhaust Back Pressure Systems 6.11Exhaust Manifolds 6.1

18、1.1Laboratory Exhaust System 6.11.2Exhaust Back Pressure 6.11.3Pressure Measurement and Pressure SensorLocations6.12Engine Oil 6.12.2Fuel to Fuel Flowmeter 6.12.3Fuel to Engine Fuel Rail 6.12.4Exhaust Back Pressure 6.12.5Intake Air 6.12.6Intake Manifold Vacuum/Absolute Pressure 6.12.7Coolant Flow Di

19、fferential Pressure 6.12.8Crankcase Pressure 6.12.9Engine Hardware and Related Apparatus 6.13Test Engine Configuration 6.13.1ECM/EEC (Engine Control) Module 6.13.2Thermostat/Orifice Plate 6.13.3Intake Manifold 6.13.4Flywheel 6.13.5Wiring Harnesses 6.13.6EGR Block-Off Plate 6.13.7Oil Pan 6.13.8Oil Pu

20、mp Screen and Pickup Tube 6.13.9Idle Speed Control Solenoid (ISC) Block-OffPlate6.13.10Engine Water Pump 6.13.11Thermostat Housing 6.13.12Oil Filter Adapter 6.13.13Fuel Rail 6.13.14Miscellaneous Apparatus Related to EngineOperation6.14Timing Light 6.14.1Reagents and Materials 7Engine Oil 7.1Test Fue

21、l 7.2Engine Coolant 7.3Cleaning Materials 7.4Preparation of Apparatus 8Test Stand Preparation 8.2Engine Preparation 9Cleaning of Engine Parts 9.2Engine Assembly Procedure 9.3General Assembly Instructions 9.3.1Bolt Torque Specifications 9.3.2Sealing Compounds 9.3.3Harmonic Balancer 9.3.5Oil Pan 9.3.6

22、Intake Manifold 9.3.7Camshaft Covers 9.3.8Thermostat 9.3.9Thermostat Housing 9.3.10Coolant Inlet 9.3.11Oil Filter Adapter 9.3.12Dipstick Tube 9.3.13Water Pump 9.3.14Sensors, Switches, Valves, and Positioners 9.3.15Ignition System 9.3.16Subject SectionFuel Injection System 9.3.17Intake Air System 9.3

23、18Engine Management System (Spark and FuelControl)9.3.19Accessory Drive Units 9.3.20Exhaust Manifolds 9.3.21Engine Flywheel and Guards 9.3.22Lifting of Assembled Engines 9.3.23Engine Mounts 9.3.24Calibration 10Stand/Engine Calibration 10.1Procedure 10.1.1Reporting of Reference Results 10.1.2Analysi

24、s of Reference/Calibration Oils 10.1.3Instrument Calibration 10.2Engine Load Measurement System 10.2.1Fuel Flow Measurement System 10.2.2Coolant Flow Measurement System 10.2.3Thermocouple and Temperature MeasurementSystem10.2.4Humidity Measurement System 10.2.5Other Instrumentation 10.2.6Test Proced

25、ure 11Preparation for Initial Start-up of New Engine 11.1External Oil System 11.1.1Flush Effectiveness Demonstration 11.1.2Preparation for Oil Charge 11.1.3Oil Charge for Coolant Flush 11.1.4Engine Coolant Charge for Coolant Flush 11.1.5Initial Engine Start-up 11.2Coolant Flush 11.3New Engine Break-

26、In 11.4Oil Charge for Break-In 11.4.2Break-In Operating Conditions 11.4.3Routine Test Operation 11.5Start-Up and Shutdown Procedures 11.5.8Flying Flush Oil Exchange Procedures 11.5.9Test Operating Stages 11.5.10Stabilization to Stage Conditions 11.5.11Stabilized BSFC Measurement Cycle 11.5.12Data Lo

27、gging 11.5.13BC Oil Flush Procedure for BC Oil Before TestOil11.5.14BSFC Measurement of BC Oil Before Test Oil 11.5.15Test Oil Flush Procedure 11.5.16Test Oil Aging 11.5.17BSFC Measurement of Aged (Phase I) Test Oil 11.5.18Aging Phase II 11.5.19BSFC Measurement of Aged (Phase II) Test Oil 11.5.21BC

28、Oil Flush Procedure for BC Oil After Test Oil 11.5.22BSFC Measurement for BC Oil After Test Oil 11.5.23General Test Data Logging Forms 11.5.24Diagnostic Review Procedures 11.5.25Determination of Test Results 12FEI1 and FEI2 Calculations 12.1Final Test Report 13Validity Statement 13.1Report Format 13

29、2Precision and Bias 14Precision 14.1Validity 14.2Test Stand Calibration Status 14.2.1Validity Interpretation of Deviant OperationalConditions14.2.2Bias 14.3Keywords 15AnnexesRole of ASTM TMC Annex A1Detailed Specifications and Drawings of Apparatus Annex A2Oil Heater Cerrobase Refill Procedure Anne

30、x A3Engine Part Number Listing Annex A4Flying Flush Checklists Annex A5Safety Precautions Annex A6Report Format Annex A7Statistical Equations for Mean and StandardDeviationsAnnex A8D6837062Subject SectionOil Sump Full Level Determination ConsumptionMeasurement Calibration ProcedureAnnex A9Fuel Injec

31、tor Evaluation Annex A10Pre-test Maintenance Checklist Annex A11Blow-by Ventilation System Requirements Annex A12VIBSJ Abbreviated Length Test Requirements Annex A13AppendixProcurement of Test Materials Appendix X12. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:4D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petrole

32、um Products atAtmospheric PressureD 235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)D 240 Test Method for Heat of Combustion of LiquidHydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb CalorimeterD 287 Test Method forAPI Gravity of Crude Petroleum andPetroleum Products (Hydrometer

33、Method)D 323 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Prod-ucts (Reid Method)D 381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by JetEvaporationD 445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids (and the Calculation of DynamicViscosity)D 525 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of

34、 Gasoline(Induction Period Method)D 1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in LiquidPetroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator AdsorptionD 2699 Test Method for Research Octane Number ofSpark-Ignition Engine FuelD 3231 Test Method for Phosphorus in GasolineD 3237 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by

35、AtomicAbsorption SpectroscopyD 3338 Test Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Com-bustion of Aviation FuelsD 4294 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and PetroleumProducts by Energy-Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spec-trometryD 4485 Specification for Performance of Engine OilsD 5302 Test Method for E

36、valuation of Automotive EngineOils for Inhibition of Deposit Formation and Wear in aSpark-Ignition Internal Combustion Engine Fueled withGasoline and Operated Under Low-Temperature, Light-Duty Conditions5D 5533 Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive EngineOils in the Sequence IIIE, Spark-Ignition

37、Engine5D 5844 Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive EngineOils for Inhibition of Rusting (Sequence IID)5D 5862 Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils inTwo-Stroke Cycle Turbo-Supercharged 6V92TA DieselEngineD 6202 Test Method for Automotive Engine Oils on theFuel Economy of Passenger Cars and

38、Light-Duty Trucks inthe Sequence VIA Spark Ignition EngineD 6557 Test Method for Evaluation of Rust PreventiveCharacteristics of Automotive Engine OilsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE 191 Specification for Apparatus for Microdetermin

39、ationof Carbon and Hydrogen in Organic and Organo-MetallicCompoundsIEEE/ASTM SI-10 Standard for Use of the InternationalSystem of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System2.2 SAE Standards:6J304 Engine Oil TestsJ1423 Classification of Energy-Conserving Engine Oil forPassenger Cars and Light-Duty Trucks2.

40、3 API Publication:7API 1509 Engine Oil Licensing and Certification System2.4 ANSI Standard:8ANSI MC96.1-1975 Temperature Measurement Thermo-couples3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 air-fuel ratio, nin internal combustion engines, themass ratio of air-to-fuel in the mixture being induced into theco

41、mbustion chambers. D 53023.1.2 automotive, adjdescriptive of equipment associatedwith self-propelled machinery, usually vehicles driven byinternal combustion engines. D 44853.1.3 blowby, nin internal combustion engines, the com-bustion products and unburned air-and-fuel mixture that enterthe crankca

42、se. D 53023.1.4 BTDC, adjabbreviation for Before Top Dead Cen-ter, used with the degree symbol to indicate the angularposition of the crankshaft relative to its position at the point ofuppermost travel of the piston in the cylinder. D 55333.1.5 calibrate, vto determine the indication or output ofa m

43、easuring device or a given engine with respect to astandard. D 58623.1.6 calibration oil, nan oil that is used to determine theindication or output of a measuring device or a given enginewith respect to a standard. D 62023.1.7 engine oil, na liquid that reduces friction or wear, orboth, between the

44、moving parts of an engine; removes heat,particularly from the underside of pistons; and serves as acombustion gas sealant for the piston rings. D 58623.1.8 lubricant, nany material interposed between twosurfaces that reduces the friction or wear, or both, betweenthem. D 58624For referenced ASTM stan

45、dards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.5Withdrawn.6Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 CommonwealthDr.,

46、 Warrendale, PA 15096-0001. This standard is not available separately. Eitherorder the SAE Handbook Vol. 3, or the SAE Fuels and Lubricants Standards ManualHS-23.7Available from The American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW,Washington, DC 20005.8Available from American National Standards I

47、nstitute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.D68370633.1.9 non-reference oil, nany oil other than a referenceoil, such as a research formulation, commercial oil, or candi-date oil. D 58443.1.10 purchaser, nof an ASTM test, a person or organi-zation that pays for the conduct of an AS

48、TM test method on aspecified product.3.1.10.1 DiscussionThe preferred term is purchaser. Dep-recated terms that have been used are client, requester, sponsor,and customer. D 62023.1.11 reference oil, nan oil of known performance char-acteristics used as a basis for comparison. D 58443.1.12 test oil,

49、 nany oil subjected to evaluation in anestablished procedure. D 65573.1.13 test start, nintroduction of test oil into the engine.D 55333.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 aged test oil, nan engine oil to be tested that hasbeen previously subjected to use in a spark-ignited operatingengine for a prescribed length of service under prescribedconditions.3.2.2 aging, nthe subjecting of an engine oil to use in aspark-ignited operating engine for a prescribed length ofservice under prescribed conditions.3.2.3 break-in, vin internal combustion engines