ASTM D6984-2008 431 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIF Spark-Ignition Engine.pdf

1、Designation: D 6984 08An American National StandardStandard Test Method forEvaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIF,Spark-Ignition Engine1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6984; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adopti

2、on or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis test method described can be used by any properly equipped laboratory

3、; it does not require theassistance of anyone outside that laboratory. However, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC)2provides reference oils and an assessment of the test results obtained on those oils by the laboratory(see Annex A1). By these means, the laboratory will know whether their use of th

4、e test method givesresults statistically similar to those obtained by other laboratories. Furthermore, various agenciesrequire that a laboratory utilize the TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against specifications.For example, the U.S. Army imposes such a requirement in connection with s

5、everal Army enginelubricating oil specifications.Accordingly, this test method is written for use by laboratories that utilize the TMC services.Laboratories that choose not to use those services may simply ignore those portions of the test methodthat refer to the TMC.This test method may be modified

6、 by means of Information Letters issued by the TMC. In addition,the TMC may issue supplementary memoranda related to the test method (see A1.8).1. Scope1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure forevaluating automotive engine oils for certain high-temperatureperformance characteristics, i

7、ncluding oil thickening, varnishdeposition, oil consumption, as well as engine wear. Such oilsinclude both single viscosity grade and multiviscosity gradeoils that are used in both spark-ignition, gasoline-fueledengines, as well as in diesel engines.NOTE 1Companion test methods used to evaluate engi

8、ne oil perfor-mance for specification requirements are discussed in SAE J304.1.2 The values stated in SI or other units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are providedfor information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any,

9、 associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory requirements prior to use.1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:Subject SectionScope 1Referenced Documents 2Termin

10、ology 3Summary of Test Method 4Significance and Use 5Apparatus 6Laboratory 6.1Drawings 6.2Specified Equipment 6.3Test Engine 6.4Engine Parts 6.4.1Engine Speed and Load Control 6.5Sequence IIIF Fluid Conditioning Module 6.6Engine Cooling System 6.6.1Flushing Tank 6.7Coolant Mixing Tank 6.8Condenser C

11、ooling Systems 6.9Engine Oil-Cooling System 6.10Fuel System 6.11Induction Air Supply Humidity, Temperature, and Pressure 6.12Temperature Measurement 6.13Thermocouple Location 6.13.1Air-to-Fuel Ratio Determination 6.14Injector Flow Testing 6.14.1Exhaust and Exhaust Back Pressure Systems 6.15Blowby Fl

12、ow Rate Measurement 6.16Pressure Measurement and Sensor Location 6.17Reagents and Materials 7Test Fuel 7.1Engine and Condenser Coolant 7.21This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.B0.01 on

13、 Passenger Car Engine Oils.Current edition approved May 1, 2008. Published June 2008. Originallyapproved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D 698407a.2Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Centerwill update changes in the test method by means of inform

14、ation letters. Informationletters may be obtained from theASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 PennAvenue,Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. Attention: Administrator. www.astmtmc.cmu.edu. Thisedition incorporates revisions contained in all information letters through 07-2.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Bar

15、r Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Subject SectionCoolant Additive 7.3Coolant Preparation 7.4Pre-Test Cleaning Materials 7.5Sealing and Anti-seize Compounds 7.6Test Oil Sample Requirements 8Preparation of Apparatus 9Condenser Cleaning 9.1Intake Manifold Clea

16、ning 9.3Cleaning of Engine Parts (other than the block and heads) 9.4Engine Block Cleaning 9.5Cylinder Head Cleaning 9.6Engine Build-up Procedure 9.7General Information 9.7.1Special Parts 9.7.2Hardware Information 9.7.3Fastener Torque Specifications and Torquing Proce-dures9.7.4Parts Replacement 9.8

17、Engine Block Preparation 9.9Piston Fitting and Numbering 9.10Piston Ring Fitting 9.10.1Pre-Test Camshaft and Lifter Measurements 9.11Camshaft Bearing Installation 9.12Camshaft Installation 9.13Main Bearings 9.14Crankshaft Installation 9.14.1Main Bearing Cap Installation 9.14.2Crankshaft Sprocket 9.1

18、5Camshaft Sprocket and Timing Chain 9.16Crankshaft End Play 9.17Piston Pin Installation 9.18Piston Installation 9.18.1Harmonic Balancer 9.19Connecting Rod Bearings 9.20Engine Front Cover 9.21Coolant Inlet Adapter 9.22Oil Dipstick Hole 9.23Oil Pan 9.24Cylinder Head Assembly 9.25Adjustment of Valve Sp

19、ring Loads 9.26Cylinder Head Installation 9.27Hydraulic Valve Lifters 9.28Pushrods 9.29Valve Train Loading 9.30Intake Manifold 9.31Rocker Covers 9.32Water Inlet Adapter 9.33Condenser 9.34Coolant Outlet Adapter 9.35External Oil Cooling System 9.36Oil Sample Valve 9.37Ignition System 9.38Throttle Body

20、 9.39Accessory Drive Units 9.40Exhaust Manifolds, Water-Cooled 9.41Engine Flywheel 9.42Pressure Checking of Engine Coolant System 9.43Lifting of Assembled Engines 9.44Mounting the Engine on the Test Stand 9.45External Cooling System Cleaning 9.46Engine Coolant Jacket Cleaning (Flushing) 9.47Coolant

21、Charging 9.48Test Oil Charging 9.49Engine Oil Pump Priming 9.50Calibration 10Laboratory and Engine Test Stand Calibration 10.1Testing of Reference Oils 10.2Reference Oil Test Frequency 10.3Reporting of Reference Oil Test Results 10.4Evaluation of Reference Oil Test Results 10.5Status of Non-Referenc

22、e Oil Tests Relative to ReferenceOil Test10.6Status of Test Stands Used for Non-Standard Tests 10.7Data Acquisition and Control 10.8Sample Rate 10.8.1Measurement Accuracy 10.8.2Subject SectionTemperature 10.8.3Pressure 10.8.4Flow 10.8.5Speed 10.8.6Load 10.8.7Measurement Resolution 10.8.8System Time

23、Response 10.8.9Quality Index 10.8.10Engine Operating Procedure 11Dipstick and Hole Plug 11.1Dipstick Hole O-ring 11.2Engine Start-up and Shutdown Procedures 11.3Start-up 11.4Scheduled Shutdown 11.5Non-Scheduled Shutdowns 11.6Oil Sampling 11.7Oil Leveling 11.8Air-to-Fuel-Ratio Measurement and Control

24、 11.9Air-to-Fuel Ratio Verification 11.10Blowby Flow Rate Measurement 11.11NOxDeterminations 11.12Data Recording 11.13Initial Run (10 min) 11.14Engine Oil Quality Testing (80 h) 11.15Test Termination 11.16Determination of Test Results 12Engine Disassembly 12.2Preparation of Parts for Rating of Stick

25、ing, Deposits,and Plugging12.3Piston Deposit Rating 12.4Post-Test Camshaft and Lifter Wear Measurements 12.5End-of Test Used Oil Sample Testing 12.6Viscosity Test 12.7Testing Oil Samples for Wear Metals 12.8Blowby Flow Rate Measurements 12.9Oil Consumption Computation 12.10Photographs of Test Parts

26、12.11Retention of Representative Test Parts 12.12Severity Adjustments 12.13Determination of Operational Validity 12.14Report 13Report Forms 13.1Use of SI Units 13.2Precision of Reported Units 13.3Deviations from Test Operational Limits 13.4Precision and Bias 14Keywords 15AnnexesThe Role of the ASTM

27、Test Monitoring Center (TMC) andthe Calibration ProgramAnnex A1Sequence IIIF Test Parts Replacement Guidelines Annex A2Sequence IIIF Determination Volume of Engine Oil in Pan Annex A3Sequence IIIF Test Fuel Analysis Annex A4Sequence IIIF Test Reporting Annex A5Sequence IIIF Test Air-to-Fuel Ratio Co

28、ntrol Flow Chart Annex A6Sequence IIIF Test Set Points and Control States Annex A7Sequence IIIF Quality Index Upper and Lower Values Annex A8Sequence IIIF Engine Oil Level Worksheet Annex A9Blowby Flow Rate Determination Annex A12Safety Precautions Annex A12Sequence IIIF Blueprint Listing Annex A13F

29、luid Conditioning Module Components Annex A14AppendixSequence IIIFHD Test Procedure Appendix X1Sequence IIIFVIS Test Procedure Appendix X22. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:33For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.or

30、g. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.D6984082D16 Terminology for Paint, Related Coatings, Materials,and ApplicationsD86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products atAtmospheric PressureD 130 Test Method for Co

31、rrosiveness to Copper fromPetroleum Products by Copper Strip TestD 235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)D 240 Test Method for Heat of Combustion of LiquidHydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb CalorimeterD 323 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Prod-

32、ucts (Reid Method)D 381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by JetEvaporationD 445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D 525 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline(Induction Period Method)D 1319 Test Method for Hydroca

33、rbon Types in LiquidPetroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator AdsorptionD 2699 Test Method for Research Octane Number ofSpark-Ignition Engine FuelD 2700 Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine FuelD 3231 Test Method for Phosphorus in GasolineD 3237 Test Method for Lead in Gaso

34、line by AtomicAbsorption SpectroscopyD 3338 Test Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Com-bustion of Aviation FuelsD 3343 Test Method for Estimation of Hydrogen Content ofAviation FuelsD 4052 Test Method for Density and Relative Density ofLiquids by Digital Density MeterD 4175 Terminology Relating t

35、o Petroleum, PetroleumProducts, and LubricantsD 4294 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and PetroleumProducts by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spec-trometryD 4485 Specification for Performance of Engine OilsD 4684 Test Method for Determination of Yield Stress andApparent Viscosity of Engine

36、Oils at Low TemperatureD 4815 Test Method for Determination of MTBE, ETBE,TAME, DIPE, tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C1to C4Alco-hols in Gasoline by Gas ChromatographyD 5185 Test Method for Determination of Additive Ele-ments, Wear Metals, and Contaminants in Used Lubricat-ing Oils and Determination of S

37、elected Elements in BaseOils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic EmissionSpectrometry (ICP-AES)D 5191 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Prod-ucts (Mini Method)D 5293 Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Engine OilsBetween 5 and 35C Using the Cold-Cranking SimulatorD 5452 Test Method for

38、Particulate Contamination in Avia-tion Fuels by Laboratory FiltrationD 5453 Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur inLight Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, DieselEngine Fuel, and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet FluorescenceD 5862 Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils inTwo-Stroke Cycle

39、 Turbo-Supercharged 6V92TA DieselEngineD 5967 Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils inT-8 Diesel EngineD 6557 Test Method for Evaluation of Rust PreventiveCharacteristics of Automotive Engine OilsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifica

40、tionsE 191 Specification for Apparatus For Microdeterminationof Carbon and Hydrogen in Organic and Organo-MetallicCompoundsE 344 Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrom-etryE 608/E 608M Specification for Mineral-Insulated, Metal-Sheathed Base Metal ThermocouplesE 1119 Specification for Indust

41、rial Grade Ethylene GlycolE 1316 Terminology for Nondestructive ExaminationsG40 Terminology Relating to Wear and ErosionIEEE/ASTM SI-10 Standard for Use of the InternationalSystem of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System42.2 Military Specification:4MIL-PRF-2104 Lubricating Oil, Internal Combustion En

42、-gine, Tactical Service2.3 SAE Standards:5J183 Engine Oil Performance and Engine Service Classifi-cation (Other Than “Energy-Conserving”)J300 Engine Oil Viscosity Classification *HS-23/00*J304 Engine Oil Tests2.4 Other Document:6CRC Manual 20 Rating Techniques and Breakdown Meth-ods3. Terminology3.1

43、 Definitions:3.1.1 blowby, nin internal combustion engines, the com-bustion products and unburned air-and-fuel mixture that enterthe crankcase. D 41753.1.2 BTDC, adjabbreviation for Before Top Dead Cen-ter; used with the degree symbol to indicate the angularposition of the crankshaft relative to its

44、 position at the point ofuppermost travel of the piston in the cylinder. D 41753.1.3 calibrate, vto determine the indication or output ofa measuring device with respect to that of a standard. E 3443.1.4 clogging, nthe restriction of a flow path due to theaccumulation of material along the flow path

45、boundaries.D 41754Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098.5Available from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Dr.,Warrendale, PA 15096-0001. These standards are not available separately. Ordereither S

46、AE Handbook Vol. 3, or SAE Fuels and Lubricants Standards ManualHS-23.6Available from Coordinating Research Council, Inc., 219 Perimeter CenterParkway, Atlanta, GA 30346.D69840833.1.5 cold-stuck piston ring, nin internal combustionengines, a piston ring that is stuck when the piston and ring areat r

47、oom temperature, but inspection shows that it was freeduring engine operation.3.1.5.1 DiscussionA cold-stuck piston ring cannot bemoved with moderate finger pressure. It is characterized by apolished face over its entire circumference, indicating essen-tially no blowby passed over the ring face duri

48、ng engineoperation. D 41753.1.6 correction factor, na mathematical adjustment to atest result to compensate for industry-wide shifts in severity.D 41753.1.7 corrosion, nthe chemical or electrochemical oxida-tion of the surface of metal, which can result in loss of materialor accumulation of deposits

49、. E 13163.1.8 debris, nin internal combustion engines, solid con-taminant materials unintentionally introduced into the engineor resulting from wear. D 58623.1.9 engine oil, na liquid that reduces friction or wear, orboth, between the moving parts within an engine, and serves asa coolant. D 44853.1.10 EWMA, nabbreviation for exponentially-weightedmoving average. D 41753.1.11 free piston ring, nin internal combustion engines,apiston ring that will fall in its groove under the force of its ownweight when the piston, with the ring in a horizontal plane, isturned 90 (put