1、Designation: D 7016 07Standard Test Method toEvaluate Edge Binding Components Used in MattressesAfter Exposure to An Open Flame1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 7016; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revis
2、ion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONEvaluation of raw material components is a vital and ongoing part of any manufacturing operation,esp
3、ecially when each item can contribute to the technical performance of the final product.Components used in a mattress construction govern the ultimate product performance, its comfort anddurability, and also affect its flammability behavior.The textile components used on the exterior of the mattress
4、mattress tape and sewing threadarecritical for holding the structure together. These components contribute to the aesthetics of thestructure, and they are also susceptible to ignition when exposed to an open flame hazard. Data whichindicate that these two components are able to meet minimum performa
5、nce criteria when exposed toan open flame provides the mattress manufacturers with valuable information.The value of these data increases when the behavior of components in a small scale test correlateto the behavior of these components in a full scale mattress burn test. The performance criteria re
6、quirethat: (1) the components do not support the combustion of the afterflame and, (2) that thesecomponents demonstrate post flame exposure characteristics which contribute to the retention ofstructural integrity and prevent seam rupture. This test method can be used as a quality controltechnique in
7、 a supplier quality assurance program.1. Scope1.1 This standard measures the flammability characteristicsof mattress edge bindings and sewing threads during and afterexposure to an open flame ignition source.1.1.1 This test method is used to evaluate these componentseither independently or in combin
8、ation for use in mattressesdesigned with a fire barrier fabric.1.1.1.1 The test method is used to evaluate mattress edgebinding and sewing thread when the design requires the use ofthese components.1.1.2 This standard can be used as a screening test methodto determine how sewing thread and mattress
9、edge bindingcomponent combinations will perform.1.2 This standard is used to measure and describe theresponse of materials, products, or subassemblies to heat andflame under controlled conditions, but does not by itselfincorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire riskassessment of the ma
10、terials, products, or assemblies underactual fire conditions.1.3 Fire testing of products and materials is inherentlyhazardous, and adequate safeguards for personnel and propertyshall be employed in conducting these tests.1.4 This test method may involve hazardous materials,operations, and equipment
11、. This standard does not purport toaddress all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with itsuse. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard toestablish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Docum
12、ents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD 204 Test Methods for Sewing ThreadsD 1683 Test Method for Failure in Sewn Seams of WovenApparel FabricsD 7138 Test Method to Determine Melting Temperature ofSynthetic FibersD 7140 Test Method to Measure Heat Transfer Through1This test m
13、ethod is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.52 on Flammability.Current edition approved July 1, 2007. Published August 2007. Originallyapproved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D 701604.2For referenced ASTM s
14、tandards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocke
15、n, PA 19428-2959, United States.Textile Thermal Barrier Materials2.2 AATCC Method:3Standard Laboratory Practice for Home Laundering FabricsPrior to Flammability Testing to Differentiate BetweenDurable and Non-Durable Finishes2.3 Federal Standards:4Code of Federal RegulationsTitle 16Commercial Prac-t
16、ices Chapter IIConsumer Product Safety CommissionPart 1615 Standard for the Flammability of ChildrensSleepwear; Sizes 0 through 6X, Revision of January 1,20012.4 NFPA Standards:5NFPA 701 Standard Methods of Fire Tests for FlamePropagation of Textiles and Films (1999 Edition)NFPA 1971 Protective Ense
17、mble for Structural Firefighting(2000 Edition)2.5 Other Standard:6State of California Technical Bulletin 603, Requirementsand Test Procedure for Resistance of a Mattress/BoxSpring Set to a Large Open-Flame, July 20033. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 afterflame, npersistent flaming of a material af
18、terthe ignition source has been removed.3.1.2 afterflame time, nthe length of time for which amaterial continues to flame after the ignition source has beenremoved.3.1.3 char length, nin measuring flame resistance oftextiles, the distance from the fabric edge, which is directlyexposed to the flame t
19、o the furthest point of visible fabricdamage.3.1.3.1 DiscussionChar length represents the maximumlength of a fabric specimen which can be consumed by avertical flame.3.1.4 fire barrier composite, na multilayer structurewhich consists of a non-flame resistant fabric that is secured toa flame resistan
20、t fabric.3.1.5 fire barrier fabric, na single layer structure made offibers which are either inherently flame resistant or chemicallytreated to be flame retardant.3.1.6 flame resistance, nthe property of a materialwhereby flaming combustion is prevented, terminated, orinhibited following application
21、 of a flaming or nonflamingsource of ignition, with or without subsequent removal of theignition source.3.1.7 ignition, nthe initiation of combustion.3.2 For other terms used in this test method related totextiles refer to Terminology D 123.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Sewing thread is evaluated for
22、 break strength before andafter exposure to air at an elevated temperature.4.2 Flame resistance of edge binding tape is determined bychar length measurements.4.3 Specimens of fire barrier fabrics which are securedusing sewing thread and edge binding tape are exposed to anopen flame to determine if s
23、eam integrity is maintained.5. Significance and Use5.1 Evaluation of raw material components is a vital andongoing part of any manufacturing operation, especially wheneach item can contribute to the technical performance of thefinal product.5.2 This standard measures the behavior of mattress edgebin
24、ding and sewing thread during and after exposure to an openflame ignition source.5.3 Flame resistance of the components used to close theperimeter of a mattress is an important factor in limiting thepotential of a bedding fire by preventing the chance for seamfailure.5.4 Data which show a correlatio
25、n of behavior for both thesewing thread and edge binding tape, when tested as asubassembly according to this method, and also when testedusing a full scale composite mattress burn test, such asCalifornia TB 603, can provide the manufacturer with impor-tant information. These data can be valuable whe
26、n selectingcomponents to be used in the manufacture of its productswhich are designed to use mattress edge binding and sewingthread.5.5 The level of performance required for these componentsis (1) that they do not support the afterflame, and (2) that thesecomponents demonstrate post flame exposure c
27、haracteristicswhich contribute to retaining the structural integrity of thesubassembly.5.6 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reportedresults when using this test method for acceptance testing ofcommercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier shouldconduct comparative tests to det
28、ermine if there is a statisticalbias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assis-tance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As aminimum, the two parties should take a group of test speci-mens which are as homogeneous as possible and which arefrom a lot of material of the type in
29、 question. The testspecimens should then be sent to each laboratory for testing.The average results from the two laboratories should becompared using Students t-test and an acceptable probabilitylevel chosen by the two parties before testing is begun. If a biasis found, either its cause must be foun
30、d and corrected or thepurchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future testresults with consideration to the known bias.6. Sewing Thread6.1 Using Test Method D 204 determine the average initialbreak strength of the sewing thread.6.2 Using Test Method D 7138, evaluate the sewing threadto con
31、firm that the fiber does not melt when exposed to atemperature of 285 6 1C (550 6 3F).3American Association of Textile Colorists and Chemists, PO Box 12215,Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.4Government Printing Office, 732 N. Capital Street N.W., Washington, DC20401.5National Fire Protection Associat
32、ion, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA02269-9101.6California Bureau of Home Furnishings, 3485 Orange Grove Avenue, NorthHighlands, CA 95660-5595.D70160726.3 After determination that the fiber does not melt, cut sixspecimens of sewing thread to a length of 460 6 3mm(1860.125 in.) and suspend them in a
33、hot air circulating oven asdescribed in NFPA 1971, Section 6.6.3.1 Expose specimens for 30 minutes at a temperature of260 6 1C (500 6 3F).6.3.2 Using Test Method D 204, confirm that the averagebreak strength after exposure to hot air exceeds 65 % of initialbreak strength.77. Edge Binding Tape7.1 Mea
34、sure the flame resistance and char length of the edgebinding tape using the test procedure noted in Section 1615.4Code of Federal RegulationsTitle 16Commercial Prac-tices Chapter IIConsumer Product Safety Commission Part1615, Standard for The Flammability of Childrens Sleepwear;sizes 0 through 6X Re
35、vision of January 1, 2001 with thefollowing modifications:7.1.1 Test specimens both as received (unwashed), and afterbeing washed five times in accordance with AATCC StandardLaboratory Practice for Home Laundering Fabrics Prior toFlammability Testing to Differentiate Between Durable andNon-Durable F
36、inishes.7.1.2 Cut specimens the full width of the binding used tocover the edges of the mattress to a length of 300 mm (12 in.).Examples: 22.5 by 300 mm (0.875 by 12 in.); 31.5 by 300 mm(1.25 by 12 in.); and 36.5 by 300 mm (1.43 by 12 in.).7.1.2.1 Apparatus as configured in Section 1615.4 willaccomm
37、odate the listed edge bindings.7.1.3 Test ten unwashed specimens and ten washed speci-mens.7.1.3.1 Expose each of ten unwashed specimens to a 12 svertical flame impingement. Specimens shall exhibit a charlength no greater than 100 mm (4 in.).7.1.3.2 Expose each of ten washed specimens to a 12 sverti
38、cal flame impingement. Specimens shall exhibit a charlength no greater than 125 mm (5 in.).8. Subassembly8.1 Select a fire barrier fabric which has been tested usingTest Method D 7140.88.1.1 Make samples using the sewing thread shown tocomply to Section 5 and edge binding tape shown to comply toSect
39、ion 6.8.1.1.1 Select the edge binding tape having the appropriatewidth to enclose the edge of the two sections.8.1.2 Join two fire barrier sections. One section shall repre-sent the fire barrier fabric used on the top panel of the mattress;one section shall represent the fire barrier fabric used on
40、theside panel of the mattress.8.1.2.1 Sew the fabric sections together using the sameseam closing techniques used to manufacture mattresses.8.1.3 Samples measure a minimum of 208 6 0.50 cm (80 60.75 in.) in width and 50 6 0.50 cm (20 6 0.75 in.) in lengthas shown in Figs. 1 and 2.8.2 Cut the samples
41、 into specimens for seam testing andopen flame resistance testing.7The time and temperature requirements of Test Method 1534 were developedusing data originally developed by the U.S.Air Force in 1968. These data were usedto determine the melting point of synthetic fibers which would be made into yar
42、nsfor fabrics and sewing threads and then used to manufacture protective clothingworn by military pilots, tank crew personnel, shipboard personnel, and space suitsworn by astronauts. The testing threshold used to evaluate fibers was established asa benchmark for a wide array of textile products. Sew
43、ing threads which melt whenexposed to high temperatures do not demonstrate any retained break strength. Thosesewing threads which are able to withstand exposure at this elevated temperatureretain measurable strength characteristics between 65 to 85 % of the original breakstrength.8Fire barrier fabri
44、cs are made using a variety of technologies. In addition tofabrics made of inherently flame resistant fibers, these structures can be made ofmultifiber hybrids and also treated fabrics. The fabrics are manufactured as bothwoven and nonwoven structures. The synergy of the sewing thread and edge bindi
45、ngtape is intended to work in conjunction with every type of fire barrier fabric whichcan be used to successfully pass the requirements of an open flame test, such asTechnical Bulletin 603.FIG. 1 Mattress Edge Bound SampleFront ViewD70160738.2.1 For seam strength testing, before exposure to openflam
46、e test, cut five specimens in accordance with the require-ments of Test Method D 1683.8.2.1.1 Test five specimens and determine average seambreak strength.8.2.2 For open flame resistance testing, cut seven specimenswith a vertical dimension of 500 6 6mm(206 0.25 in) anda horizontal dimension of 200
47、6 6mm(86 0.25 in.) as shownin Figs. 2 and 3. The seam with the mattress edge bindingFIG. 2 Mattress Edge Bound SampleProfileFIG. 3 Mattress Edge Bound SpecimenFront ViewD7016074should be horizontal and approximately midway between thetop and bottom edge.8.2.3 When evaluating specimens which are made
48、 using afire barrier fabric, dress cover fabric, and foam, remove thefoam layer except for that foam which is encapsulated by theedge binding and sewing thread. (See Figs. 4-6.)98.2.3.1 The perimeter of cut specimens which have anunfinished raw edge shall be finished using the same sewingthread as e
49、valuated in Section 5. The edge finish of thespecimen can be completed as noted in Chapter 5 ofNFPA 701, Standard Methods of Fire Tests for Flame Propa-gation of Textiles and Films (1999 Edition), with exception ofvertical (fifth) stitch line.8.3 Measure the open flame resistance of the subassemblyusing the 45 6 1 s open flame exposure, of Test Method 1,NFPA 701, Standard Methods of Fire Tests for Flame Propa-gation of Textiles and Films (1999 Edition) with followingmodifications:8.3.1 A photographic, videographic, or digital camera canbe used to record the
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