1、Designation: D7038 13D7038 14Standard Test Method forEvaluation of Moisture Corrosion Resistance of AutomotiveGear Lubricants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7038; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision
2、, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers a test procedure for evaluating the rust and corrosion inhibiting properties of
3、 a gear lubricant whilesubjected to water contamination and elevated temperature in a bench-mounted hypoid differential housing assembly.2 This testmethod is commonly referred to as the L-33-1 test.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parenthe
4、ses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.2.1 Exceptions(1) where there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads and national pipe threads/diameters, and (2)the values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard
5、 for the definitions in 12.2, and for SI units where there are no directinch-pounds equivalent units.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and hea
6、lth practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standard:3D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)2.2 Society of Automotive Engineers Standards:4J308 Information Report on Axle an
7、d Manual Transmission LubricantsJ2360 Lubricating Oil, Gear Multipurpose (Metric) Military Use2.3 U.S. Military Specifications:5MIL-PRF-2105E Lubricating Oil, Gear, General MultipurposeMIL-P-3420F NOX-RUST Paper3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 corrosion, nan alt
8、eration of a finished metal surface by discoloration, accompanied by roughening not attributable tomechanical action.3.1.2 downtime, nan interruption of power to the test unit for a period greater than ten seconds.3.1.3 rust, na special case of corrosion, which always deteriorates or alters the orig
9、inal surface condition.3.1.3.1 Discussion1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.B0 on Automotive Lubricants.Current edition approved May 1, 2013Oct. 1, 2014. P
10、ublished May 2013October 2014. Originally approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 20102013 asD7038 10.D7038 13. DOI: 10.1520/D7038-13.10.1520/D7038-14.2 Until the next revision of this test method, theASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) will update changes in this test method by means of I
11、nformation Letters. This editionincludes all Information Letters through 0902.1401. Information Letters may be obtained from the ASTM TMC, 6555 Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489, Attention:Administrator. The TMC is also the source of reference oils.3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM we
12、bsite, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.4 Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.5 Ava
13、ilable from the Defense Printing Service Office, 700 Robbins Ave., Bldg. 4D, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be techn
14、ically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this
15、standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1Rust always has color (usually, but not limited to red, yellow, brown, black) and one of the following descriptive characteristics:(1) depth; the rusted surface is built up relat
16、ive to that of adjacent areas. (2) texture; the surface may appear to be etched, scalyor otherwise visibly different than adjacent areas.3.1.4 stain, na surface modification that is attributable to discoloration only.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This procedure utilizes a Dana Corporation Model 30 hy
17、poid differential assembly, Part No. 277701X, 4:10 ratio, standarddifferential with uncoated ring and pinion, without axle tubes.6,74.2 Test Unit PreparationPrior to each test, completely disassemble and clean the new differential housing assembly. Discardthe axle spacer block. Abrasive blast all ra
18、ted parts (except bearings and cups). Disassemble all bearings from their mating partsprior to abrasive blasting. Coat all internal parts and rated surfaces with test oil. Reassemble the unit to test specification values.Install the unit on the motoring rig and then connect an oil temperature monito
19、ring probe and a drive shaft. Place a cooling fanand heat lamps into position near the test unit.4.3 Motoring PhaseCharge the test unit with 40 oz (1.2 L) of test oil. Drive the test unit with an electric motor at 2500 rminpinion speed in an unloaded condition (no axle shafts are used for the test).
20、 Add 1 oz (30 mL) of specified test water into the oilfill opening (all other test unit openings having been already sealed). Install the pressure relief system and set to 1 psi (7 kPa). Plugthe relief system when the lubricant temperature reaches 180F (82.2 C). Continue the motoring phase for 4 h a
21、t this controlledtemperature.4.4 Storage PhaseStop the motor at the completion of the motoring phase. Remove the test unit from the motoring rig andplace in a storage box at 125F (52 C) for 162 h.4.5 InspectionAt the end of the storage phase, the test is complete. Drain the differential assembly, di
22、sassemble, and rate forrust, stain, and other deposits.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test simulates a type of severe field service in which corrosion-promoting moisture in the form of condensed watervapor accumulates in the axle assembly. This may happen as a result of volume expansion and contrac
23、tion of the axle lubricantand the accompanied breathing in of moisture-laden air through the axle vent. The test screens lubricants for their ability to preventthe expected corrosion.5.2 The test method described in this standard may be used by any properly equipped laboratory, without the assistanc
24、e ofanyone not associated with that laboratory. However, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) provides reference oils and anassessment of the test results obtained on those oils by the laboratory (see Annex A7). By this means, the laboratory will knowwhether their use of the test method gives resul
25、ts statistically similar to those obtained by other laboratories. Furthermore, variousagencies require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against specifications. For example, theU.S. Army imposes such a requirement in connection with several Army lubricating
26、oil specifications.5.3 The L-33-1 test procedure is used or referred to in the following documents: ASTM Publication STP-512A,8 SAE J308,SAE J2360, and U.S. Military Specification MIL-PRF-2105E.6. Apparatus6.1 Laboratory Ambient Conditions:6.1.1 Test Operating AreaThe ambient laboratory atmosphere s
27、hall be free of dirt, dust, and other contaminants as requiredby good laboratory standards.6.1.2 Parts Cleaning and Abrasive Blasting (6.2.8) AreasProvide adequate ventilation in areas where solvents (7.2) are used.(WarningCombustible, vapor harmful.)6.1.3 Build-up AreaIt is recommended that the atm
28、osphere in the test unit build-up area be filtered and maintained at uniformtemperature and low humidity to prevent accumulation of dirt or rust on test parts. Otherwise it shall conform to requirements of6.1.1.6.1.4 Parts Rating AreaConduct the rating of all test parts under conditions as defined i
29、n CRCASTM Distress Rating Manual21.96 The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is Spicer Axle Division, Dana Corporation, P.O. Box 1209, Fort Wayne, IN 46801.7 If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headq
30、uarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at ameeting of the responsible technical committee,1 which you may attend.8 ASTM Publication STP-512A,Laboratory Performance Tests for Automotive Gear Lubricants Intended for API GL-5 Service, ASTM International, West Conshohocken,PA.9 Availa
31、ble from the Coordinating Research Council, 219 Perimeter Center Parkway NE, Atlanta, GA 30346.For stock #TMCMNL21, visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.D7038 1426.2 Motoring Rig, Test Unit and Laboratory Equipment:6.2.1 Test Unit ConfigurationMoun
32、t the differential housing assembly (Gear version 99.1 or V01.1) on the motoring rig sothat the housing cover attaching face is in the vertical plane and at a height that allows the temperature sensing probe to be locatedin the bottom of the housing. Elements of the motoring rig design are shown in
33、Figs. A1.1-A1.4.6.2.2 Drive SystemThe drive system design is not precisely specified; however, the following equipment or its equivalent havebeen found to be suitable to turn the drive pinion at the specified (2500 6 25) r/min. (Warning Rotating test stand equipmentpresents a physical hazard, use sa
34、fety guards.)6.2.2.1 U.S. Motors, 1.5 hp (1.1 kW) electric motor, enclosed, 3600 r/min, 0.87 in. (22.2 mm) diameter shaft.10,76.2.2.2 Slide Motor Base, Dyn-Adjust No. 20-C.10,76.2.2.3 Dodge Taper Lock Pulleys, No. 40L100 (Driven) and No. 28L100 (Drive).10,76.2.2.4 Dodge Timing Belt, No. 480L100.10,7
35、6.2.2.5 Additional components such as shafts, couplings, and bearing blocks are also necessary to connect the abovecomponents to drive the carrier pinion, but are left to the option of the testing laboratory.6.2.3 Vapor Pressure Control SystemControl the internal vapor pressure of the unit during th
36、e warm-up portion of themotoring phase with a specified water column pressure relief system set for 1.0 6 0.1 psi (7 kPa 6 0.7 kPa) connected to thehousing cover with an appropriately sized National Pipe Threads (NPT) stainless steel 90 street ell and a stainless steel full portvalve. The system sha
37、ll contain an oil trap and return vessel to return test oil to the unit in case of foaming, and a water trap andreturn vessel to prevent column water from moving back to test unit. The example set up in Fig. A1.1 has been shown to beacceptable.6.2.4 Housing Cover GasketReplace the factory-supplied g
38、asket with a single TFE fluorocarbon gasket for every test.11,76.2.5 Housing Axle Tube Opening SealsSince the differential is tested without axle shafts or axle tubes, seal the housingopenings. Fig.A1.2 shows an example of construction dimensions for fabricating a pair of seals to be installed in th
39、e axle housingopenings before introducing test oil prior to starting the test.6.2.6 Temperature Control System, Motoring PhaseDuring the motoring phase, the bulk oil temperature is sensed by aresistance temperature device (RTD) or thermocouple (J or K type). The controller switches on a pair of 250
40、W lamps or coolingfan, or both, that are directed toward the differential as needed to control bulk oil temperature at 180 6 1F (82 C 6 6 C). Ahousehold-type electric fan having 12.0-in. (310 mm) diameter blades has been shown to provide acceptable cooling capability.Fig. A1.3 shows an example of th
41、e location of the heat lamp pair and the cooling fan. Fig. A1.4 shows the location of thetemperature sensor in the differential housing.6.2.7 Storage Box and Temperature Control System, Storage PhaseDuring the storage phase of the test, a double-walledaluminum or stainless steel box covers the diffe
42、rential housing assembly. An RTD or thermocouple (J or K type) in conjunctionwith the controller regulates heat input from four strip heaters giving a total output of 1700 Btu/h (500 W). A small electric fan,rated at 1550 r/min, turns a fabricated impeller at (1700 6 100) rmin to provide air circula
43、tion within the box. Control the bulkoil temperature at 125 6 1F (52 C 6 6 C). Fig. A1.5 shows details of the impeller. Fig. A1.6 shows construction and electricaldetails of this box.NOTE 1Insulation on the outside surface of the box only may be necessary to maintain test temperature specifications.
44、6.2.8 Abrasive BlastingBlast the entire differential case, ring, pinion, side gears, differential pinion gears (spider gears), allfour thrust washers and the inside surface of the differential housing cover plate with 80 grit aluminum oxide so as to removepre-existing corrosion and produce a uniform
45、 surface. Do not abrasive blast the bearings, bearing cups and differential shaft (crossshaft pin). (WarningProvide adequate safety equipment for abrasive blasting operations.)6.2.9 The following specifies the abrasive blasting equipment and material:6.2.9.1 Abrasive Blasting CabinetGrainger Econo-L
46、ine 36 in. by 24 in., Grainger Item No. 3Z850.12,7(1) Use solely for cleaning L-33-1 test units.(2) Measure air pressure for the blasting gun at the regulator just prior to entering the cabinet enclosure. Set the regulator tomaintain 80 6 2 psig (552 kPa 6 14 kPa) while flowing abrasive material.6.2
47、.9.2 Dust CollectorGrainger Econo-Line 1000 ft3/min, Grainger Item No. 3JR93.12,76.2.9.3 Blasting Gun Setup:(1) Grainger Econo-Line 12 ft3/min Gun Assembly, Grainger Item No. 3JT01.12,7(2) Grainger Econo-Line tungsten carbide Nozzle Tip 14 in. I.D.(3) Grainger Item No. 3JT0813, Change after fifteen
48、L-33-1 units are blasted.(4) Grainger Econo-Line Air Jet 12 ft3/min, Grainger Item No. 3JT04.12,710 The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is a Power Drive Parts Distributor.11 The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time isAP
49、Services Inc., 203Armstrong Drive, Northpoint Industrial Park, Freeport, PA16229.Request ASTM L-33-1 Die.12 The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is Grainger Inc., 120 Beta Drive, Pittsburgh PA 15238.D7038 1436.2.9.4 Abrasive Blasting MaterialAlodur Fused Brown Aluminum Oxide,13,7 80 gritANSI Table 3 Grade.14,7 Change theentire cabinet supply of abrasive blasting material after 15 L-33-1 units are blasted. (WarningAbrasive blasting presents aphysical hazard; consult and follow equipment m
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