1、Designation: D7038 14D7038 15Standard Test Method forEvaluation of Moisture Corrosion Resistance of AutomotiveGear Lubricants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7038; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision
2、, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis test method is written for use by laboratories that use the portions of the test method that refert
3、oASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) services (see AnnexA1). Laboratories that choose not to usethe TMC services may simply disregard these portions.The TMC provides reference oils, and engineering and statistical services to laboratories that desireto produce test results that are statistically simil
4、ar to those produced by laboratories previouslycalibrated by the TMC.In general, the Test Purchaser decides if a calibrated test stand is to be used. Organizations such asthe American Chemistry Council require that a laboratory use the TMC services as part of their testregistration process. In addit
5、ion, the American Petroleum Institute and the Gear Lubricant ReviewCommittee of the Lubricant Review Institute (SAE International) require that a laboratory use theTMC services in seeking qualification of oils against their specifications.NOTE 1The advantage of using the TMC services to calibrate te
6、st stands is that the test laboratory (and hence theTest Purchaser) has an assurance that the test stand was operating at the proper level of test severity. It should also beborne in mind that results obtained in a non calibrated test stand may not be the same as those obtained in a test standpartic
7、ipating in the ASTM TMC services process.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers a test procedure for evaluating the rust and corrosion inhibiting properties of a gear lubricant whilesubjected to water contamination and elevated temperature in a bench-mounted hypoid differential housing assembly.2 This
8、 testmethod is commonly referred to as the L-33-1 test.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.2.1 Exceptions(1) where th
9、ere is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads and national pipe threads/diameters, and (2)the values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard for the definitions in 12.2, and for SI units where there are no directinch-pounds equivalent units.1.3 This standard does not purport to addr
10、ess all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D235 Specificati
11、on for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)1 This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.B0 on Automotive Lubricants.Current edition approved
12、Oct. 1, 2014April 1, 2015. Published October 2014May 2015. Originally approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 20132014 asD7038 13.D7038 14. DOI: 10.1520/D7038-14.10.1520/D7038-15.2 Until the next revision of this test method, theASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) will update changes in th
13、is test method by means of Information Letters. This editionincludes all Information Letters through 1401.142. Information Letters may be obtained from the ASTM TMC, 6555 Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489, Attention:Administrator. The TMC is also the source of reference oils.3 For referencedASTM
14、standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of
15、an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as publ
16、ished by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determi
17、ne Conformance with Specifications2.2 ASTM Standard:D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)2.3 Society of Automotive Engineers Standards:4J308 Information Report on Axle and Manual Transmission LubricantsJ2360 Lubricating Oil, Gear Multipurpose (
18、Metric) Military Use2.4 U.S. Military Specifications:5MIL-PRF-2105E Lubricating Oil, Gear, General MultipurposeMIL-P-3420F NOX-RUST Paper3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 corrosion, nan alteration of a finished metal surface by discoloration, accompanied by rough
19、ening not attributable tomechanical action.3.1.2 downtime, nan interruption of power to the test unit for a period greater than ten seconds.3.1.3 rust, na special case of corrosion, which always deteriorates or alters the original surface condition.3.1.3.1 DiscussionRust always has color (usually, b
20、ut not limited to red, yellow, brown, black) and one of the following descriptive characteristics:(1) depth; the rusted surface is built up relative to that of adjacent areas. (2) texture; the surface may appear to be etched, scalyor otherwise visibly different than adjacent areas.3.1.4 stain, na su
21、rface modification that is attributable to discoloration only.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This procedure utilizes a Dana Corporation Model 30 hypoid differential assembly, Part No. 277701X, 4:10 ratio, standarddifferential with uncoated ring and pinion, without axle tubes.6,74.2 Test Unit Preparati
22、onPrior to each test, completely disassemble and clean the new differential housing assembly. Discardthe axle spacer block. Abrasive blast all rated parts (except bearings and cups). Disassemble all bearings from their mating partsprior to abrasive blasting. Coat all internal parts and rated surface
23、s with test oil. Reassemble the unit to test specification values.Install the unit on the motoring rig and then connect an oil temperature monitoring probe and a drive shaft. Place a cooling fanand heat lamps into position near the test unit.4.3 Motoring PhaseCharge the test unit with 40 oz (1.2 L)
24、of test oil. Drive the test unit with an electric motor at 2500 rminpinion speed in an unloaded condition (no axle shafts are used for the test). Add 1 oz (30 mL) of specified test water into the oilfill opening (all other test unit openings having been already sealed). Install the pressure relief s
25、ystem and set to 1 psi (7 kPa). Plugthe relief system when the lubricant temperature reaches 180F (82.2 C). Continue the motoring phase for 4 h at this controlledtemperature.4.4 Storage PhaseStop the motor at the completion of the motoring phase. Remove the test unit from the motoring rig andplace i
26、n a storage box at 125F (52 C) for 162 h.4.5 InspectionAt the end of the storage phase, the test is complete. Drain the differential assembly, disassemble, and rate forrust, stain, and other deposits.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test simulates a type of severe field service in which corrosion-pro
27、moting moisture in the form of condensed watervapor accumulates in the axle assembly. This may happen as a result of volume expansion and contraction of the axle lubricantand the accompanied breathing in of moisture-laden air through the axle vent. The test screens lubricants for their ability to pr
28、eventthe expected corrosion.5.2 The test method described in this standard may be used by any properly equipped laboratory, without the assistance ofanyone not associated with that laboratory. However, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) provides reference oils and an4 Available from Society of Au
29、tomotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.5 Available from the Defense Printing Service Office, 700 Robbins Ave., Bldg. 4D, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094.6 The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is Spicer Axle Division, Dana Corpo
30、ration, P.O. Box 1209, Fort Wayne, IN 46801.7 If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at ameeting of the responsible technical committee,1 which you may attend.D7038 152assessment
31、of the test results obtained on those oils by the laboratory (see Annex A7). By this means, the laboratory will knowwhether their use of the test method gives results statistically similar to those obtained by other laboratories. Furthermore, variousagencies require that a laboratory utilize the TMC
32、 services in seeking qualification of oils against specifications. For example, theU.S. Army imposes such a requirement in connection with several Army lubricating oil specifications.5.2 The L-33-1 test procedure is used or referred to in the following documents: ASTM Publication STP-512A,8 SAE J308
33、,SAE J2360, and U.S. Military Specification MIL-PRF-2105E.6. Apparatus6.1 Laboratory Ambient Conditions:6.1.1 Test Operating AreaThe ambient laboratory atmosphere shall be free of dirt, dust, and other contaminants as requiredby good laboratory standards.6.1.2 Parts Cleaning and Abrasive Blasting (6
34、.2.8) AreasProvide adequate ventilation in areas where solvents (7.2) are used.(WarningCombustible, vapor harmful.)6.1.3 Build-up AreaIt is recommended that the atmosphere in the test unit build-up area be filtered and maintained at uniformtemperature and low humidity to prevent accumulation of dirt
35、 or rust on test parts. Otherwise it shall conform to requirements of6.1.1.6.1.4 Parts Rating AreaConduct the rating of all test parts under conditions as defined in ASTM Distress Rating Manual 21.96.2 Motoring Rig, Test Unit and Laboratory Equipment:6.2.1 Test Unit ConfigurationMount the differenti
36、al housing assembly (Gear version 99.1 or V01.1) on the motoring rig sothat the housing cover attaching face is in the vertical plane and at a height that allows the temperature sensing probe to be locatedin the bottom of the housing. Elements of the motoring rig design are shown in Figs. A1.1-A5.1-
37、A1.4A5.4.6.2.2 Drive SystemThe drive system design is not precisely specified; however, the following equipment or its equivalent havebeen found to be suitable to turn the drive pinion at the specified (2500 6 25) r/min. (Warning Rotating test stand equipmentpresents a physical hazard, use safety gu
38、ards.)6.2.2.1 U.S. Motors, 1.5 hp (1.1 kW) electric motor, enclosed, 3600 r/min, 0.87 in. (22.2 mm) diameter shaft.10,76.2.2.2 Slide Motor Base, Dyn-Adjust No. 20-C.10,76.2.2.3 Dodge Taper Lock Pulleys, No. 40L100 (Driven) and No. 28L100 (Drive).10,76.2.2.4 Dodge Timing Belt, No. 480L100.10,76.2.2.5
39、 Additional components such as shafts, couplings, and bearing blocks are also necessary to connect the abovecomponents to drive the carrier pinion, but are left to the option of the testing laboratory.6.2.3 Vapor Pressure Control SystemControl the internal vapor pressure of the unit during the warm-
40、up portion of themotoring phase with a specified water column pressure relief system set for 1.0 6 0.1 psi (7 kPa 6 0.7 kPa) connected to thehousing cover with an appropriately sized National Pipe Threads (NPT) stainless steel 90 street ell and a stainless steel full portvalve. The system shall cont
41、ain an oil trap and return vessel to return test oil to the unit in case of foaming, and a water trap andreturn vessel to prevent column water from moving back to test unit. The example set up in Fig. A1.1A5.1 has been shown to beacceptable.6.2.4 Housing Cover GasketReplace the factory-supplied gask
42、et with a single TFE fluorocarbon gasket for every test.11,76.2.5 Housing Axle Tube Opening SealsSince the differential is tested without axle shafts or axle tubes, seal the housingopenings. Fig. A1.2A5.2 shows an example of construction dimensions for fabricating a pair of seals to be installed in
43、the axlehousing openings before introducing test oil prior to starting the test.6.2.6 Temperature Control System, Motoring PhaseDuring the motoring phase, the bulk oil temperature is sensed by aresistance temperature device (RTD) or thermocouple (J or K type). The controller switches on a pair of 25
44、0 W lamps or coolingfan, or both, that are directed toward the differential as needed to control bulk oil temperature at 180 6 1F (82 C 6 6 C). Ahousehold-type electric fan having 12.0-in. (310 mm) diameter blades has been shown to provide acceptable cooling capability.Fig. A1.3A5.3 shows an example
45、 of the location of the heat lamp pair and the cooling fan. Fig. A1.4A5.4 shows the location ofthe temperature sensor in the differential housing.6.2.7 Storage Box and Temperature Control System, Storage PhaseDuring the storage phase of the test, a double-walledaluminum or stainless steel box covers
46、 the differential housing assembly. An RTD or thermocouple (J or K type) in conjunctionwith the controller regulates heat input from four strip heaters giving a total output of 1700 Btu/h (500 W). A small electric fan,rated at 1550 r/min, turns a fabricated impeller at (1700 6 100) rmin to provide a
47、ir circulation within the box. Control the bulkoil temperature at 125 6 1F (52 C 6 6 C). Fig. A1.5A5.5 shows details of the impeller. Fig. A1.6A5.6 shows construction andelectrical details of this box.8 ASTM Publication STP-512A,Laboratory Performance Tests for Automotive Gear Lubricants Intended fo
48、r API GL-5 Service, ASTM International, West Conshohocken,PA.9 For stock #TMCMNL21, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.10 The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is a Power Drive Parts Distributor.11 The so
49、le source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time isAPServices Inc., 203Armstrong Drive, Northpoint Industrial Park, Freeport, PA16229.Request ASTM L-33-1 Die.D7038 153NOTE 2Insulation on the outside surface of the box only may be necessary to maintain test temperature specifications.6.2.8 Abrasive BlastingBlast the entire differential case, ring, pinion, side gears, differential pinion gears (spider gears), allfour thrust washers and the inside surface of the differential housing cover plate with 80 grit alumin
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