1、Designation: D 7095 04An American National StandardStandard Test Method forRapid Determination of Corrosiveness to Copper fromPetroleum Products Using a Disposable Copper Foil Strip1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 7095; the number immediately following the designation indicates
2、 the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis test method is similar in nature to the T
3、est Method D 130 test method, but involves three majordifferences. Firstly, a single-use copper foil strip is used in place of the Test Method D 130 multi-usecopper strip. Secondly, a different polishing technique is used in preparing the copper foil strip, whichuses a commercially available scourin
4、g-pad in place of the initial and final polishing techniquesdescribed in Test Method D 130. Thirdly, this test method involves a shorter analysis time of 45minutes for all product types as compared to the Test Method D 130 method requirements, which arelonger; for example, two or three hours.1. Scop
5、e1.1 This test method covers the determination of the corro-siveness to copper of aviation gasoline, aviation turbine fuel,automotive gasoline, natural gasoline, or other hydrocarbonshaving a vapor pressure no greater than 124 kPa (18 psi),cleaners (for example, Stoddard solvent), kerosine, diesel f
6、uel,distillate fuel oil, lubricating oil, and other petroleum products.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values in parentheses are provided for informa-tion only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with it
7、s use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazardstatements, see 1.1, 6.1, and Annex A2.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B 152/B 152M
8、 Specification for Copper Sheet, Strip, Plate,and Rolled BarD 130 Test Method for Detection of Copper Corrosion fromPetroleum Products by the Copper Strip Tarnish TestD 396 Specification for Fuel OilsD 975 Specification for Diesel Fuel OilsD 1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine FuelsD 1838 Test M
9、ethod for Copper Strip Corrosion by Lique-fied Petroleum (LP) GasesD 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD 4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD 6615 Specification for Jet B Wide-Cut Aviation TurbineFuelE1 Specification for ASTM Ther
10、mometers2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standard33. Summary of Test Method3.1 A polished copper foil strip is immersed in a specificvolume of the sample being tested and heated under conditionsof temperature and time that are specific to the class of materialbeing tested. At the end of
11、 the heating period, the copper foilstrip is removed, washed, and the color and tarnish levelassessed against the ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standard.4. Significance and Use4.1 Crude petroleum contains sulfur compounds, most ofwhich are removed during refining. However, of the sulfurcompounds remai
12、ning in the petroleum product, some can havea corroding action on various metals, including copper, and thiscorrosivity is not necessarily related to the total sulfur content.The effect can vary according to the chemical types of sulfur1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D0
13、2 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.05 on Properties of Fuels, Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2004. Published November 2004.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM
14、Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Request Adjunct No.ADJD0130. Names of suppliers in the United Kingdom can be obtained fromEnergy
15、Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIM 8AR, United Kingdom. OneMaster Standard is held at Energy Institute for reference.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United Spounds present. This copper foil strip corrosion test isdesigned
16、 to assess the relative degree of corrosivity of apetroleum product towards copper and copper-containing al-loys using a shorter test duration than that specified in TestMethod D 130.4.2 Some sulfur species may become corrosive to copperonly at higher temperatures. Thus, higher test temperatures,par
17、ticularly 100C (212F), may be used to test some productsby the pressure vessel procedure.5. Apparatus5.1 Copper Foil Strip Corrosion Test Pressure Vessel, con-structed from stainless steel according to the dimensions givenin Fig. 1. The vessel shall be capable of withstanding a testpressure of 700 k
18、Pa gage (100 psi). Alternative designs for thevessels cap and synthetic rubber gasket may be used providedthat the internal dimensions of the vessel are the same as thoseshown in Fig. 1. The internal dimensions of the pressure vesselare such that a nominal 25 by 150 mm (1 by 6 in.) test tube canbe p
19、laced inside the pressure vessel.5.2 Test Tubes, of borosilicate glass with nominal dimen-sions of 25 by 150 mm (1 by 6 in.). The internal dimensionsshall be checked as acceptable by use of a copper foil strip (see6.3). When 30 mL of liquid is added to the test tube with thecopper foil strip in it,
20、a minimum of 5 mm of liquid shall beabove the top surface of the copper foil strip.5.3 Test Baths:5.3.1 GeneralAll test baths, whether liquid or solid block,shall be capable of maintaining the test temperature to within6 1C (2F) of the required test temperature, for the entireduration of the test.5.
21、3.2 Bath(s) Used for Submerging Pressure Vessel(s)Bath(s) shall be deep enough to submerge one or more pressurevessels (see 5.1) completely during the test. It shall be fittedwith suitable supports to hold each pressure vessel in a verticalposition when submerged.5.3.3 Bath(s) Used for Test TubesBat
22、h(s) shall be fittedwith suitable supports to hold each test tube (see 5.2)inavertical position to a depth of about 100 mm (4 in.) asmeasured from the bottom of the test tube to the bath surface.As a liquid bath medium, water and oil have been foundsatisfactory and controllable at the specified test
23、 temperatureand duration required by the test procedure. Solid block bathsshall meet the test temperature control, test duration, andimmersion conditions required by the test procedure, and shallbe checked for temperature measurement (heat transfer) foreach product class by running tests on tubes fi
24、lled with 30 mLof product plus a copper foil strip of the given nominaldimensions, plus a temperature sensor.5.4 Temperature Sensing and Monitoring Device (TSMD),capable of sensing and monitoring the desired test temperaturein the bath to within an accuracy of 6 1C (2F) or better. TheASTM 12C (12F)
25、(see Specification E1) or IP64C (64F) totalimmersion thermometer has been found suitable for use in thetest. If used, no more than 10 mm (0.4 in.) of the mercuryshould extend above the surface of the bath at the testtemperature.5.5 Timing Device, electronic or manual, capable of accu-rately measurin
26、g the test duration within the allowable toler-ance.NOTE 1Material: stainless steel; welded construction; maximum testgage pressure: 700 kPaNOTE 2Key:1 Lifting eye2 Wide groove for pressure relief3 Knurled cap4 Twelve threads per inch NF thread or equivalent5 Camber inside cap to protect “O” ring wh
27、en closing pressure vessel6 Synthetic rubber “O” ring without free sulfur7 Seamless tubeNOTE 3Dimensions in millimetres.NOTE 4All dimensions without tolerance limits are nominal values.FIG. 1 Pressure Vessel for the Copper Foil Strip Corrosion TestD70950425.6 Forceps, with either stainless steel or
28、polytetrafluoroet-hylene (PTFE) tips, have been found suitable for use inhandling the copper foil strips.5.7 Optional Equipment:5.7.1 Polishing Vise, for holding the copper foil strip firmlywithout marring the edges while polishing. Any convenienttype of holder (see X1.2) may be used, provided that
29、the copperfoil strip is held tightly and that the surface of the copper foilstrip being polished is supported above the surface of theholder.5.7.2 Viewing Tubes, flat glass test tubes, are convenient forprotecting corroded copper foil strips for close inspection orstorage (see X1.1 for the descripti
30、on of a flat-glass viewingtube). The viewing tube shall be of such dimensions as to allowthe introduction of a copper foil strip (see 6.3) and made ofglass free of striae or similar defects.6. Reagents and Materials6.1 Wash SolventAny volatile, less than 5 mg/kg sulfurhydrocarbon solvent may be used
31、, provided that it shows notarnish at all when tested for3hat50C (122F). 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (isooctane) of minimum 99.75 % purity is thereferee solvent and should be used in case of dispute.(WarningExtremely flammable; see A2.1).6.2 Surface Preparation / Polishing MaterialsScouring-pad made of p
32、olyester material that is free of detergents orspongy material, containing aluminum oxide as a scouring-aid.3M Scotch Brite 86 (3M No. 05509),4,5approximately 400-grit, green-colored, heavy-duty, hand-pad, has been foundsuitable for use. Other commercially available 400-grit padsmay be used, provide
33、d those are also made of polyestermaterial, free of detergents or spongy material, containingaluminum oxide as a scouring-aid.NOTE 13M Scotch Brite 86 pads are generally available in the formof 229 by 152 by 9.5 mm (9 by 6 by38 in.) thick pads. For ease ofhandling and polishing, it is recommended th
34、at the pads be cut so that thedimensions of the scouring-pads are about 114 by 38 by 9.5 mm (4-12 by1-12 by38 in.).6.3 Copper Foil StripsUse copper foil strips approxi-mately 12.5 mm (12 in.) wide, and 0.526 to 0.541 mm (0.0207to 0.0213 in.) thick. Cut, straight and smooth, using a sharptin-snip or
35、any other metal-cutting device5,6approximately 75mm (3 in.) long strips, from a 30.5 m (100 ft) roll ofsoft-temper, commercial grade Alloy 110, composed of 99.9 %copper, meeting Specification B 152/B 152M specifications.5,7Discard copper foil strip after each single use.6.4 Ashless Filter Paper or D
36、isposable Gloves or Forceps(with either Stainless Steel or Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)Tips, for use in protecting the copper foil strip from coming incontact with the individual during handling or polishing, orboth.7. Corrosion Standards7.1 ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standards3consist ofreproduc
37、tions in color of typical test strips representing in-creasing degrees of tarnish and corrosion, the reproductionsbeing encased for protection in plastic and made up in the formof a plaque.7.1.1 Keep the plastic-encased ASTM Copper Strip Corro-sion Standards protected from light to avoid the possibi
38、lity offading. Inspect for fading by comparing two different plaques,one of which has been carefully protected from light (forexample, new plaque). Observe both sets in diffused daylight(or equivalent) first from a point directly above and then froman angle of 45. If any evidence of fading is observ
39、ed,particularly at the left-hand end of the plaque, it is suggestedthat the one that is the more faded with respect to the other bediscarded.7.1.1.1 Alternatively, place a suitably sized opaque strip (forexample, 20 mm (34 in.) black electrical tape) across the top ofthe colored portion of the plaqu
40、e when initially purchased. Atintervals remove the opaque strip and observe. When there isany evidence of fading of the exposed portion, the standardsshall be replaced.7.1.1.2 These plaques are full-color reproductions of typicalstrips. They have been printed on aluminum sheets by afour-color proces
41、s and are encased in plastic for protection.Directions for their use are given on the reverse side of eachplaque.7.1.2 If the surface of the plastic cover shows excessivescratching, it is suggested that the plaque be replaced.8. Samples8.1 In accordance with Practice D 4057 or Practice D 4177,or bot
42、h, it is particularly important that all types of fuelsamples that pass a low-tarnish strip classification, be collectedin clean, dark glass bottles, plastic bottles, or other suitablecontainers that will not affect the corrosive properties of thefuel. Avoid the use of tin-plate containers for colle
43、ction ofsamples, since experience has shown that they can contributeto the corrosiveness of the sample.8.2 Fill the containers as completely as possible and closethem immediately after taking the sample.Adequate headspacein the container is necessary to provide room for possiblethermal expansion dur
44、ing transport. It is recommended thatvolatile samples be filled between 70 and 80 % of the contain-ers capacity. Exercise care during sampling to protect thesamples from exposure to direct sunlight or even diffuseddaylight. Carry out the test as soon as possible after receipt inthe laboratory and im
45、mediately after opening the container.8.3 If suspended water (that is, haze) is observed in thesample, dry by filtering a sufficient volume of sample througha medium rapid qualitative filter, into the prescribed clean, drytest tube. Carry out this operation in a darkened room or undera light-protect
46、ed shield.4The sole source of supply of the apparatus, Cat. No. 19-047-249, known to thecommittee at this time is Fisher Scientific Co., USA ().5If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information toASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consider-a
47、tion at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.6The sole source of supply of the heavy-duty 6 in. shear, Part No. 82818, knownto the committee at this time is Micro-mark, 340 Snyder Ave., Berkeley Heights, NJ07922-1595, USA.7The sole source of supply of the apparatus,
48、 Part No. 9053K21, known to thecommittee at this time is McMaster-Carr Supply Company, P.O. Box 4355, Chicago,IL 60680-4355, USA.D70950438.3.1 Contact of the copper foil strip with water before,during, or after completion of the test run will cause staining,making it difficult to evaluate the copper
49、 foil strips.9. Preparation of Test Strips9.1 Surface PreparationTo prevent possible surface con-tamination during preparation, do not allow fingers to come incontact with the copper foil strip. Wear disposable gloves orhold the strip in the fingers protected with ashless filter paper.9.1.1 Using a new/unused portion of a small strip of the400-grit scouring-pad (see Note 1) first polish the ends, thenthe sides of the copper foil strip giving gentle, unidirectionalstrokes. Next, gently and unidirectionally, scour the long axisof t
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