1、Designation: D7320 15D7320 15aStandard Test Method forEvaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG,Spark-Ignition Engine1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7320; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of
2、revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe test method described in this standard can be used by any properly equipped laboratory; it d
3、oesnot require the assistance of anyone outside that laboratory. However, thePortions of this test methodare written for use by laboratories that make use of ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC)2 providesreference oils and an assessment of the test results obtained on those oils by the laboratory servi
4、ces(see Annex A1). By these means, the laboratory will know whether their use of the test method givesresults statistically similar to those obtained by other laboratories. Furthermore, various agenciesrequire that a laboratory utilize the TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against specif
5、ications.For example, the U.S. Army imposes such a requirement in connection with several Army enginelubricating oil specifications.The TMC provides reference oils, and engineering and statistical services to laboratories that desireto produce test results that are statistically similar to those pro
6、duced by laboratories previouslycalibrated by the TMC.In general, the Test Purchaser decides if a calibrated test stand is to be used. Organizations such astheAmerican Chemistry Council require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services as part of their testregistration process. In addition, the Ame
7、rican Petroleum Institute and the Gear Lubricant ReviewCommittee of the Lubricant Review Institute (SAE International) require that a laboratory use theTMC services in seeking qualification of oils against their specifications.The advantage of using the TMC services to calibrate test stands is that
8、the test laboratory (andhence the Test Purchaser) has an assurance that the test stand was operating at the proper level of testseverity. It should also be borne in mind that results obtained in a non-calibrated test stand may notbe the same as those obtained in a test stand participating in the AST
9、M TMC services process.Accordingly, this test method is written for use by laboratories that utilize the TMC services.Laboratories that choose not to use those the TMC services may simply ignore those portions of thetest method that refer to the TMC.disregard these portions.This test method may be m
10、odified by means of Information Letters issued by the TMC. In addition,the TMC may issue supplementary memoranda related to the test method (see A1.8).1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure for evaluating automotive engine oils for certain high-temperatureperformance character
11、istics, including oil thickening, varnish deposition, oil consumption, as well as engine wear. Such oilsinclude both single viscosity grade and multiviscosity grade oils that are used in both spark-ignition, gasoline-fueled engines, aswell as in diesel engines.1 This test method is under the jurisdi
12、ction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.B0.01 on Passenger Car Engine Oils.Current edition approved April 1, 2015Oct. 1, 2015. Published April 2015October 2015. Originally approved in 2006. Last previous editi
13、on approved in 20142015 asD7320 14.D7320 15. DOI: 10.1520/D7320-15.10.1520/D7320-15A.2 Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center will update changes in the test method by means of information letters. Information lettersmay be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring
14、 Center, 6555 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. Attention: Administrator. This edition incorporates revisions in allinformation letters through No. 143.151.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been
15、 made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
16、*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States11.1.1 Additionally, with nonmandatory supplemental requirements, a IIIGA Test (Mini Rotary Viscometer and Cold CrankingSi
17、mulator measurements), a IIIGVS Test (EOT viscosity increase measurement), or a IIIGB Test (phosphorous retentionmeasurement) can be conducted. These supplemental test procedures are contained in Appendixes Appendix X1, Appendix X2,and Appendix X3, respectively.NOTE 1Companion test methods used to e
18、valuate engine oil performance for specification requirements are discussed in SAE J304.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.2.1 ExceptionWhere there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, national
19、pipe threads/diameters, and tubing size.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatoryli
20、mitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are provided in 6.14.1.1 and 7.1.1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:colwidth=“0.60in“/COLSPEC SectionIntroductionScope 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Method 4Summary of Test Methods 4Significance and Use 5Apparatus 6La
21、boratory 6.1Drawings 6.2Specified Equipment 6.3Test Engine 6.4Engine Parts 6.4.1Engine Speed and Load Control 6.5Fluid Conditioning Module 6.6Engine Cooling System 6.6.1Flushing Tank 6.7Coolant Mixing Tank 6.8Condenser Cooling Systems 6.9Engine Oil-Cooling System 6.10Fuel System 6.11Induction Air Su
22、pply Humidity, Temperature, and Pressure 6.12Temperature Measurement 6.13Thermocouple Location 6.13.1Air-to-Fuel Ratio Determination 6.14Injector Flow Testing 6.14.1Exhaust and Exhaust Back Pressure Systems 6.15Blowby Flow Rate Measurement 6.16Pressure Measurement and Pressure Sensor Location 6.17Re
23、agents and Materials 7Test Fuel 7.1Engine and Condenser Coolant 7.2Coolant Additive 7.3Coolant Preparation 7.4Pre-Test Cleaning Materials 7.5Sealing and Anti-seize Compounds 7.6Test Oil Sample Requirements 8Preparation of Apparatus 9Condenser Cleaning 9.1Intake Manifold Cleaning 9.2Cleaning of Engin
24、e Parts (other than the block and heads) 9.3Connecting Rod Cleaning 9.4Engine Block Cleaning 9.5Cylinder Head Cleaning 9.6Engine Build-up Procedure 9.7General Information 9.7.1Special Parts 9.7.2Hardware Information 9.7.3Fastener Torque Specifications and Torquing Procedures 9.7.4Main Bearing Cap Bo
25、lts 9.7.4.1Cylinder Head Bolts 9.7.4.2Torques for Miscellaneous Bolts, Studs, and Nuts 9.7.4.3Parts Replacement 9.8Engine Block Preparation 9.9Piston Fitting and Numbering 9.10Piston Ring Fitting 9.10.1Pre-Test Camshaft and Lifter Measurements 9.11Camshaft Bearing Installation 9.12Camshaft Installat
26、ion 9.13Main Bearings 9.14Crankshaft Installation 9.14.1D7320 15a2SectionMain Bearing Cap Installation 9.14.2Crankshaft Sprocket 9.15Camshaft Sprocket, and Timing Chain 9.16Crankshaft End Play 9.17Piston Pin Installation 9.18Piston Installation 9.18.1Harmonic Balancer 9.19Connecting Rod Bearings 9.2
27、0Engine Front Cover 9.21Coolant Inlet Adapter 9.22Oil Dipstick Hole 9.23Oil Pan 9.24Cylinder Head Assembly 9.25Adjustment of Valve Spring Loads 9.26Cylinder Head Installation 9.27Hydraulic Valve Lifters 9.28Pushrods 9.29Valve Train Loading 9.30Intake Manifold 9.31Rocker Covers 9.32Water Inlet Adapte
28、r 9.33Condenser 9.34Coolant Outlet Adapter 9.35Oil Filter Adapter 9.36External Oil Cooling System 9.36Oil Sample Valve 9.37Ignition System 9.38Throttle Body 9.39Accessory Drive Units 9.40Exhaust Manifolds, Water-Cooled 9.41Engine Flywheel 9.42Pressure Checking of Engine Coolant System 9.43Lifting of
29、 Assembled Engines 9.44Mounting the Engine on the Test Stand 9.45External Cooling System Cleaning 9.46Engine Coolant Jacket Cleaning (Flushing) 9.47Coolant Charging 9.48Test Oil Charging 9.49Engine Oil Pump Priming 9.50Calibration 10Laboratory and Engine Test Stand Calibration 10.1Testing of Referen
30、ce Oils 10.2Reference Oil Test Frequency 10.3Reporting of Reference Oil Test Results 10.4Evaluation of Reference Oil Test Results 10.5Evaluation of Reference Oil Test Results 10.4Status of Non-Reference Oil Tests Relative to ReferenceOil Test10.6Status of Non-Reference Oil Tests Relative to Referenc
31、eOil Test10.5Status of Test Stands Used for Non-Standard Tests 10.7Status of Test Stands Used for Non-Standard Tests 10.6Data Acquisition and Control 10.8Data Acquisition and Control 10.7Sample Rate 10.8.1Sample Rate 10.7.1Measurement Accuracy 10.8.2Measurement Accuracy 10.7.2Temperature 10.8.3Tempe
32、rature 10.7.3Pressure 10.8.4Pressure 10.7.4Flow 10.8.5Flow 10.7.5Speed 10.8.6Speed 10.7.6Load 10.8.7Load 10.7.7Measurement Resolution 10.8.8Measurement Resolution 10.7.8System Time Response 10.8.9System Time Response 10.7.9Quality Index 10.8.10Quality Index 10.7.10Engine Operating Procedure 11Dipsti
33、ck and Hole Plug 11.1Dipstick Hole O-ring 11.2D7320 15a3SectionEngine Start-up and Shutdown Procedures 11.3Start-up 11.4Scheduled Shutdown 11.5Non-Scheduled Shutdowns 11.6Oil Sampling 11.7Oil Leveling 11.8Air-to-Fuel-Ratio Measurement and Control 11.9Air-to-Fuel Ratio Verification 11.10Blowby Flow R
34、ate Measurement 11.11NOx Determinations 11.12Data Recording 11.13Initial run (10 min) 11.14Engine Oil Quality Testing (100 h) 11.15Test Termination 11.16Determination of Test Results 12Engine Disassembly 12.2Preparation of Parts for Rating of Sticking, Deposits,and Plugging12.3Piston Deposit Rating
35、12.4Post-Test Camshaft and Lifter Wear Measurements 12.5Viscosity Test 12.6Testing Oil Samples for Wear Metals 12.7Blowby Flow Rate Measurements 12.8Oil Consumption Computation 12.9Photographs of Test Parts 12.10Retention of Representative Test Parts 12.11Severity Adjustments 12.12Determination of O
36、perational Validity 12.13Report 13Report Forms 13.1Precision of Reported Units 13.2Precision of Reported Units 13.4Precision and Bias 14Keywords 15The Role of the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) andthe Calibration ProgramAnnex A1ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Organization Annex A1ASTM Test Monitorin
37、g Center: Calibration Procedures Annex A2ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Maintenance Activities Annex A3ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Related Information Annex A4Sequence IIIG Test Parts Replacement Guidelines Annex A2Sequence IIIG Test Parts Replacement Guidelines Annex A5Sequence IIIG Determination Vo
38、lume of Engine Oilin Pan Annex A3Sequence IIIG Determination Volume of Engine Oil in Pan Annex A6Sequence IIIG Test Fuel Analysis Annex A4Sequence IIIG Test Fuel Analysis Annex A7Sequence IIIG Test Reporting Annex A5Sequence IIIG Test Report Forms and Data Dictionary Annex A8Sequence IIIG Test Air-t
39、o-Fuel Ratio Control Flow Chart Annex A6Sequence IIIG Test Air-to-Fuel Ratio Control Flow Chart Annex A9Sequence IIIG Test Set Points and Control States Annex A7Sequence IIIG Test Set Points and Control States Annex A10Sequence IIIG Quality Index Upper and Lower Values Annex A8Sequence IIIG Quality
40、Index Upper and Lower Values Annex A11Sequence IIIG Engine Oil Level Worksheet Annex A9Sequence IIIG Engine Oil Level Worksheet Annex A12Blowby Flow Rate Determination Annex A10Blowby Flow Rate Determination Annex A13Safety Hazards Annex A11Safety Hazards Annex A14Sequence IIIG Blueprint Listing Ann
41、ex A12Sequence IIIG Blueprint Listing Annex A15Fluid Condition Module components Annex A13Fluid Condition Module Components Annex A16Engine Build Worksheets Annex A14Engine Build Worksheets Annex A17Engine Oil Cooling System Schematic Annex A15Engine Oil Cooling System Schematic Annex A18Guidelines
42、For Hardware Subject To First In First OutCriteriaAnnex A16Guidelines For Hardware Subject To First In First OutCriteriaAnnex A19Sequence IIIGA Test Procedure Appendix X1Sequence IIIGVIS Test Procedure Appendix X2Sequence IIIGB Test Procedure Appendix X3D7320 15a42. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Stan
43、dards:3D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric PressureD130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip TestD235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)D240 Test Method for Heat of Comb
44、ustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb CalorimeterD323 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet EvaporationD445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)D5
45、25 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline (Induction Period Method)D1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator AdsorptionD2699 Test Method for Research Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine FuelD2700 Test Method for Motor Octane Number of S
46、park-Ignition Engine FuelD3231 Test Method for Phosphorus in GasolineD3237 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption SpectroscopyD3244 Practice for Utilization of Test Data to Determine Conformance with SpecificationsD3338 Test Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Combustion of Aviation
47、FuelsD3343 Test Method for Estimation of Hydrogen Content of Aviation FuelsD4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density MeterD4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum Products, and LubricantsD4485 Specification for Performance of Active API
48、Service Category Engine OilsD4684 Test Method for Determination of Yield Stress and Apparent Viscosity of Engine Oils at Low TemperatureD4815 Test Method for Determination of MTBE, ETBE, TAME, DIPE, tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C1 to C4 Alcohols inGasoline by Gas ChromatographyD5185 Test Method for Mul
49、tielement Determination of Used and Unused Lubricating Oils and Base Oils by InductivelyCoupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)D5191 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Mini Method)D5293 Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Engine Oils and Base Stocks Between 10 C and 35 C Using Cold-CrankingSimulatorD5452 Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Aviation Fuels by Laboratory FiltrationD5453 Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in Light Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, Diesel Engine Fuel,and Engine Oil by Ultrav
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