1、Designation: D7320 16Standard Test Method forEvaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG,Spark-Ignition Engine1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7320; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision,
2、 the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONPortions of this test method are written for use by laboratories that make use of ASTM TestMonitoring Cen
3、ter (TMC)2services (see Annex A1).The TMC provides reference oils, and engineering and statistical services to laboratories that desireto produce test results that are statistically similar to those produced by laboratories previouslycalibrated by the TMC.In general, the Test Purchaser decides if a
4、calibrated test stand is to be used. Organizations such astheAmerican Chemistry Council require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services as part of their testregistration process. In addition, the American Petroleum Institute and the Gear Lubricant ReviewCommittee of the Lubricant Review Institute
5、 (SAE International) require that a laboratory use theTMC services in seeking qualification of oils against their specifications.The advantage of using the TMC services to calibrate test stands is that the test laboratory (andhence the Test Purchaser) has an assurance that the test stand was operati
6、ng at the proper level of testseverity. It should also be borne in mind that results obtained in a non-calibrated test stand may notbe the same as those obtained in a test stand participating in the ASTM TMC services process.Laboratories that choose not to use the TMC services may simply disregard t
7、hese portions.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure forevaluating automotive engine oils for certain high-temperatureperformance characteristics, including oil thickening, varnishdeposition, oil consumption, as well as engine wear. Such oilsinclude both single viscosity grade
8、 and multiviscosity gradeoils that are used in both spark-ignition, gasoline-fueledengines, as well as in diesel engines.1.1.1 Additionally, with nonmandatory supplementalrequirements, a IIIGA Test (Mini Rotary Viscometer and ColdCranking Simulator measurements), a IIIGVS Test (EOTviscosity increase
9、 measurement), or a IIIGB Test (phosphorousretention measurement) can be conducted. These supplementaltest procedures are contained in Appendixes Appendix X1,Appendix X2, and Appendix X3, respectively.NOTE 1Companion test methods used to evaluate engine oil perfor-mance for specification requirement
10、s are discussed in SAE J304.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.2.1 ExceptionWhere there is no direct SI equivalentsuch as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, andtubing size.1.3 This standard does n
11、ot purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warningstatements are provide
12、d in 6.14.1.1 and 7.1.1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:SectionIntroductionScope 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Methods 4Significance and Use 5Apparatus 6Laboratory 6.11This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products, Liquid Fuels,
13、 and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.B0.01 on Passenger Car Engine Oils.Current edition approved April 1, 2016. Published April 2016. Originallyapproved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D7320 15a. DOI:10.1520/D7320-16.2Until the next revision of this
14、test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Centerwill update changes in the test method by means of information letters. Informationletters may be obtained from theASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 PennAvenue,Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. Attention: Administrator. This edition incorporatesrevisions in all i
15、nformation letters through No. 152.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1SectionDrawings 6.2Specified Equipment 6.3Test Engine 6.4Engine Parts 6.4.1Engine Spee
16、d and Load Control 6.5Fluid Conditioning Module 6.6Engine Cooling System 6.6.1Flushing Tank 6.7Coolant Mixing Tank 6.8Condenser Cooling Systems 6.9Engine Oil-Cooling System 6.10Fuel System 6.11Induction Air Supply Humidity, Temperature, and Pressure 6.12Temperature Measurement 6.13Thermocouple Locat
17、ion 6.13.1Air-to-Fuel Ratio Determination 6.14Injector Flow Testing 6.14.1Exhaust and Exhaust Back Pressure Systems 6.15Blowby Flow Rate Measurement 6.16Pressure Measurement and Pressure Sensor Location 6.17Reagents and Materials 7Test Fuel 7.1Engine and Condenser Coolant 7.2Coolant Additive 7.3Cool
18、ant Preparation 7.4Pre-Test Cleaning Materials 7.5Sealing and Anti-seize Compounds 7.6Test Oil Sample Requirements 8Preparation of Apparatus 9Condenser Cleaning 9.1Intake Manifold Cleaning 9.2Cleaning of Engine Parts (other than the block and heads) 9.3Connecting Rod Cleaning 9.4Engine Block Cleanin
19、g 9.5Cylinder Head Cleaning 9.6Engine Build-up Procedure 9.7General Information 9.7.1Special Parts 9.7.2Hardware Information 9.7.3Fastener Torque Specifications and Torquing Procedures 9.7.4Main Bearing Cap Bolts 9.7.4.1Cylinder Head Bolts 9.7.4.2Torques for Miscellaneous Bolts, Studs, and Nuts 9.7.
20、4.3Parts Replacement 9.8Engine Block Preparation 9.9Piston Fitting and Numbering 9.10Piston Ring Fitting 9.10.1Pre-Test Camshaft and Lifter Measurements 9.11Camshaft Bearing Installation 9.12Camshaft Installation 9.13Main Bearings 9.14Crankshaft Installation 9.14.1Main Bearing Cap Installation 9.14.
21、2Crankshaft Sprocket 9.15Camshaft Sprocket, and Timing Chain 9.16Crankshaft End Play 9.17Piston Pin Installation 9.18Piston Installation 9.18.1Harmonic Balancer 9.19Connecting Rod Bearings 9.20Engine Front Cover 9.21Coolant Inlet Adapter 9.22Oil Dipstick Hole 9.23Oil Pan 9.24Cylinder Head Assembly 9
22、.25Adjustment of Valve Spring Loads 9.26Cylinder Head Installation 9.27Hydraulic Valve Lifters 9.28Pushrods 9.29Valve Train Loading 9.30Intake Manifold 9.31Rocker Covers 9.32Water Inlet Adapter 9.33Condenser 9.34Coolant Outlet Adapter 9.35External Oil Cooling System 9.36Oil Sample Valve 9.37SectionI
23、gnition System 9.38Throttle Body 9.39Accessory Drive Units 9.40Exhaust Manifolds, Water-Cooled 9.41Engine Flywheel 9.42Pressure Checking of Engine Coolant System 9.43Lifting of Assembled Engines 9.44Mounting the Engine on the Test Stand 9.45External Cooling System Cleaning 9.46Engine Coolant Jacket
24、Cleaning (Flushing) 9.47Coolant Charging 9.48Test Oil Charging 9.49Engine Oil Pump Priming 9.50Calibration 10Laboratory and Engine Test Stand Calibration 10.1Testing of Reference Oils 10.2Reference Oil Test Frequency 10.3Evaluation of Reference Oil Test Results 10.4Status of Non-Reference Oil Tests
25、Relative to ReferenceOil Test10.5Status of Test Stands Used for Non-Standard Tests 10.6Data Acquisition and Control 10.7Sample Rate 10.7.1Measurement Accuracy 10.7.2Temperature 10.7.3Pressure 10.7.4Flow 10.7.5Speed 10.7.6Load 10.7.7Measurement Resolution 10.7.8System Time Response 10.7.9Quality Inde
26、x 10.7.10Engine Operating Procedure 11Dipstick and Hole Plug 11.1Dipstick Hole O-ring 11.2Engine Start-up and Shutdown Procedures 11.3Start-up 11.4Scheduled Shutdown 11.5Non-Scheduled Shutdowns 11.6Oil Sampling 11.7Oil Leveling 11.8Air-to-Fuel-Ratio Measurement and Control 11.9Air-to-Fuel Ratio Veri
27、fication 11.10Blowby Flow Rate Measurement 11.11NOx Determinations 11.12Data Recording 11.13Initial run (10 min) 11.14Engine Oil Quality Testing (100 h) 11.15Test Termination 11.16Determination of Test Results 12Engine Disassembly 12.2Preparation of Parts for Rating of Sticking, Deposits,and Pluggin
28、g12.3Piston Deposit Rating 12.4Post-Test Camshaft and Lifter Wear Measurements 12.5Viscosity Test 12.6Testing Oil Samples for Wear Metals 12.7Blowby Flow Rate Measurements 12.8Oil Consumption Computation 12.9Photographs of Test Parts 12.10Retention of Representative Test Parts 12.11Severity Adjustme
29、nts 12.12Determination of Operational Validity 12.13Report 13Report Forms 13.1Precision of Reported Units 13.4Precision and Bias 14Keywords 15ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Organization Annex A1ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Calibration Procedures Annex A2ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Maintenance Activit
30、ies Annex A3ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Related Information Annex A4Sequence IIIG Test Parts Replacement Guidelines Annex A5Sequence IIIG Determination Volume of Engine Oil in Pan Annex A6Sequence IIIG Test Fuel Analysis Annex A7Sequence IIIG Test Report Forms and Data Dictionary Annex A8Sequence I
31、IIG Test Air-to-Fuel Ratio Control Flow Chart Annex A9D7320 162SectionSequence IIIG Test Set Points and Control States Annex A10Sequence IIIG Quality Index Upper and Lower Values Annex A11Sequence IIIG Engine Oil Level Worksheet Annex A12Blowby Flow Rate Determination Annex A13Safety Hazards Annex A
32、14Sequence IIIG Blueprint Listing Annex A15Fluid Condition Module Components Annex A16Engine Build Worksheets Annex A17Engine Oil Cooling System Schematic Annex A18Guidelines For Hardware Subject To First In First OutCriteriaAnnex A19Sequence IIIGA Test Procedure Appendix X1Sequence IIIGVIS Test Pro
33、cedure Appendix X2Sequence IIIGB Test Procedure Appendix X32. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products andLiquid Fuels at Atmospheric PressureD130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-leum Products by Copper Strip TestD235 Specifica
34、tion for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)D240 Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hy-drocarbon Fuels by Bomb CalorimeterD323 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products(Reid Method)D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evapo-rationD44
35、5 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D525 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline (In-duction Period Method)D1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petro-leum Products by Fluorescent Indicator AdsorptionD2699
36、Test Method for Research Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine FuelD2700 Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine FuelD3231 Test Method for Phosphorus in GasolineD3237 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline byAtomicAbsorp-tion SpectroscopyD3244 Practice for Utilization of Test Data to
37、 DetermineConformance with SpecificationsD3338 Test Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Combus-tion of Aviation FuelsD3343 Test Method for Estimation of Hydrogen Content ofAviation FuelsD4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and APIGravity of Liquids by Digital Density MeterD4175 Terminol
38、ogy Relating to Petroleum Products, LiquidFuels, and LubricantsD4485 Specification for Performance of Active API ServiceCategory Engine OilsD4684 Test Method for Determination of Yield Stress andApparent Viscosity of Engine Oils at Low TemperatureD4815 Test Method for Determination of MTBE, ETBE,TAM
39、E, DIPE, tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C1to C4Alco-hols in Gasoline by Gas ChromatographyD5185 Test Method for Multielement Determination ofUsed and Unused Lubricating Oils and Base Oils byInductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrom-etry (ICP-AES)D5191 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum
40、 Prod-ucts (Mini Method)D5293 Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Engine Oilsand Base Stocks Between 10 C and 35 C UsingCold-Cranking SimulatorD5452 Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Avia-tion Fuels by Laboratory FiltrationD5453 Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur inLight Hydr
41、ocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, DieselEngine Fuel, and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet FluorescenceD5862 Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils in Two-Stroke Cycle Turbo-Supercharged 6V92TA Diesel Engine(Withdrawn 2009)4D6593 Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive EngineOils for Inhibition of D
42、eposit Formation in a Spark-Ignition Internal Combustion Engine Fueled with Gaso-line and Operated Under Low-Temperature, Light-DutyConditionsD6750 Test Methods for Evaluation of Engine Oils in aHigh-Speed, Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine1K Proce-dure (0.4 % Fuel Sulfur) and 1N Procedure (0.04 % FuelS
43、ulfur)D6984 Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive EngineOils in the Sequence IIIF, Spark-Ignition EngineD7422 Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils inT-12 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Diesel EngineE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specific
44、ationsE191 Specification forApparatus For Microdetermination ofCarbon and Hydrogen in Organic and Organo-MetallicCompoundsE608/E608M Specification for Mineral-Insulated, Metal-Sheathed Base Metal ThermocouplesE1119 Specification for Industrial Grade Ethylene GlycolIEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for Use of
45、 the InternationalSystem of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System32.2 Military Specification:5MIL-PRF-2104, Lubricating Oil, Internal CombustionEngine, Tactical Service2.3 SAE Standards:6J183, Engine Oil Performance and Engine Service Classifi-cation (Other Than “Energy-Conserving”)3For referenced AS
46、TM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm
47、.org.5Hardcopy available from Document Automation and Production Service,Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094. Also, can bedownloaded from internet address: http:/assist2.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch/.6Available from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Dr.,Warrenda
48、le, PA 15096-0001. These standards are not available separately. Ordereither SAE Handbook, Vol. 3, or SAE Fuels and Lubricants Standards Manual,HS-23.D7320 163J300, Engine Oil Viscosity Classification *HS-23/00J304, Engine Oil Tests2.4 Other ASTM Documents:Guidelines for Calibration7The Lubricant Te
49、st Monitoring System, Sequence IIIG TestControl Chart Technique for Developing and ApplyingSeverity Adjustments (SA)8ASTM Deposit Rating Manual 20 (Formerly CRC Manual20)93. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 blowby, nin internal combustion engines, that por-tion of the combustion products and unburned air/fuel mixturethat leaks past piston rings into the engine crankcase duringoperation.3.1.2 BTDC (before top dead center), nused with thedegree symbol to indicate the angular position of the crankshaftrelative to its position at the point of uppermost travel of thepiston
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