1、Designation: D7353 07 (Reapproved 2013)Standard Practice forSampling of Liquids in Waste Management Activities Usinga Peristaltic Pump1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7353; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of
2、 revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the use of a peristaltic pump forsampling liquids from multiple depths. It
3、 is applicable for awide range of fluids including: high-viscosity fluids, aggressiveand corrosive fluids, high-purity solutions and abrasive fluids.It is especially useful for sampling liquids that require com-plete isolation from the pump.1.2 This practice includes the determination of sampledepth
4、, pump set up and collecting a sample to be analyzed.1.3 This practice is not intended to give detailed instructionsfor running a peristaltic pump or recommend which peristalticpump to purchase. It instructs the field personnel how toconnect the pump and collect a sample.1.4 This standard does not p
5、urport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2
6、D4448 Guide for Sampling Ground-Water Monitoring WellsD4687 Guide for General Planning of Waste SamplingD4840 Guide for Sample Chain-of-Custody ProceduresD5681 Terminology for Waste and Waste ManagementD5792 Practice for Generation of Environmental Data Re-lated to Waste Management Activities: Devel
7、opment ofData Quality ObjectivesD5956 Guide for Sampling Strategies for HeterogeneousWastesD6044 Guide for Representative Sampling for Managementof Waste and Contaminated MediaD6063 Guide for Sampling of Drums and Similar Containersby Field PersonnelD6232 Guide for Selection of Sampling Equipment fo
8、rWaste and Contaminated Media Data CollectionActivitiesD6250 Practice for Derivation of Decision Point and Confi-dence Limit for Statistical Testing of Mean Concentrationin Waste Management DecisionsD6311 Guide for Generation of Environmental Data Relatedto Waste Management Activities: Selection and
9、 Optimiza-tion of Sampling DesignD6634 Guide for the Selection of Purging and SamplingDevices for Ground-Water Monitoring Wells3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.2 See Terminology D5681.4. Summary of Practice4.1 A peristaltic pump is a suction lift pump (see Fig. 1b). Alength of polytetrafluoroethylene
10、 (PTFE) or other suitabletubing such as Silastic tubing is placed in the liquid at anydepth up to 7.6 m (25 ft.) for water or less depending upon thedensity of the sample being taken. The other end is connectedto the piece of flexible tubing which has been threaded aroundthe rotor of the peristaltic
11、 pump (see Fig. 1a). A second pieceof PTFE or other suitable tubing is connected to the dischargeend of the flexible tubing to allow the liquid to be containerizedor sampled. One can fill a vacuum-worthy sample containerafter attaching two tubes to it, one from the top of the pumpinlet, and the othe
12、r from a lower level to the source (see Fig.1c).5. Significance and Use5.1 This practice can be used in sampling drums, tanks, andsimilar containers and in sampling monitoring and waste wellsincluding small diameter (1 in.) wells. The pump can collectsamples from multiple depths. The samples can be
13、high-viscosity fluids, aggressive and corrosive fluids, high-puritysolutions and abrasive fluids. The pump can be used to mixsamples (see D6063).5.2 Peristaltic pumps use a vacuum to transport the samples.This vacuum may cause some degassing and loss of volatile1This practice is under the jurisdicti
14、on of ASTM Committee D34 on WasteManagement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.03 onSampling Equipment.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2013. Published February 2013. Originallyapproved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D7353 07. DOI:10.1520/D7353-07R13.2For ref
15、erenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, Wes
16、t Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1organic compounds (VOCs) from the sample. When precisequantitative data for VOCs and dissolved gases are notrequired, peristaltic pumps may be used.5.3 The pump is self-priming, runs dry without damage, andis completely isolated from the pumped fluid. A s
17、ample can betaken on the intake or discharge side of the pump.5.4 Some additional advantages of the peristaltic pump are:decontamination of the pump motor is not necessary and thetubing in the pump is disposable and easy to replace. Thepumps can be easily started and stopped and can pump fluidsat a
18、wide range of pressures and flow rates.5.5 The place, quality and quantity, frequency, and time ofsampling is dependent upon the decisions that are to be made(see D6250), sampling design (see D6311), the sample, theheterogeneity of the samples (see D5956), how representativethe sample is (see D6044)
19、, and the parameters to be tested asdetermined by the data quality objectives (DQOs) (see D5792).6. Sampling Equipment6.1 It is recommended that two peristaltic pumps be taken tothe site with two pump specific clamps per unit.NOTE 1There are many peristaltic pumps on the market from severalmanufactu
20、rers. Consult with the manufacturers to determine the capabili-ties of each pump for your application.6.2 Two fully charged batteries (or other applicable batteriesor AC/DC converter as required).6.3 New medical-grade rubber/silicone tubing (Dow-Corning Silastic or equivalent). In corrosive situatio
21、ns, a lengthof PTFE tubing is used.6.4 Applicable tubing couplers for discharge and intake asneeded.6.5 Tape measure or water level instrument.6.6 Waste container.6.7 Plastic, glass, or other non-reactive containers should beused as specified by the site sampling plan (see Guide D4687).7. General Sa
22、mple Collecltion7.1 Review the work or sampling plan.7.2 Check to make sure that the supply of samplecontainers, labels, ice chest, stop watch or timing device,composite collection container if required, and sampling equip-ment in place are adequate and correct. There should besampling forms, or log
23、 books, or equivalent for recording fieldinformation such as date, time the sample was taken, samplersname, physical description of the sampling location and anyother information which might impact the validity of thesample. The log books, sampling forms, and bottle labelsshould be signed or initial
24、ed.7.3 Provision should be made for split samples and fieldquality control samples, such as trip blanks, equipment blanks,and field spikes.8. Pre-sampling Testing8.1 Remove the pump cover plate. Slide the tubing throughthe clamps, position the clamps in their seats, and gently rotatethe pump mast to
25、 engage the tubing in the pump housing. Withthe pump mast at the 6:00/12:00 position, the un-pinchedtubing should touch the walls of the pump housing (Fig. 1a). Alittle slack is desirable.8.2 Tighten each pump clamp and replace the pump coverplate.8.3 Install the battery and hook up the power lead.8
26、.4 Insert one end of the tubing into the liquid and the otherend into a waste container. The arrow on the pump points to thedischarge tube.8.5 Activate the pump.8.5.1 Observe the flow of the liquid through the tubing andinto the waste container.8.5.1.1 The system may be checked without liquid byplac
27、ing a finger over the intake of the sampling system andchecking for vacuum.8.5.2 Vary the pump speeds through the full range.NOTE 2It is normal for the pump to be a little sluggish at slow speeds.8.6 Turn the pump off and switch the tube ends so thedischarge tubing end is now the intake tubing end a
28、nd thedischarge tubing end is the intake.FIG. 1 Peristaltic PumpD7353 07 (2013)28.6.1 Turn the pump direction switch to reverse the pumpmast.8.7 Repeat 8.5.8.8 Record the following data in the field log book:8.8.1 Date and time; pump type, manufacturer, and serialnumber; battery tracking number, typ
29、e, and manufacturer; lotnumber of the tubing; and results of the test.9. General Peristaltic Sampling Set-ups9.1 Fig. 1b demonstrates sampling directly from the exittube after the pump.9.2 Fig. 1c demonstrates sampling by attaching a samplebottle to the sampling tube from the sample source and aseco
30、nd tube to the intake side of the pump. The sample intaketube reaches almost to the bottom of the sample containerwhile the bottle exit tube reaches just below the bottle cover.The exit tube is placed in the waste container. The pump doesnot require an air purge between samples since no liquids arei
31、n contact with the pump.9.2.1 If a new sample source is to be sampled, the samplingtube should be replaced or flushed according to the samplingplan.10. Procedure for Sampling from Wells10.1 Review the well construction data to determine thescreen size, type and depth.10.2 Prepare the labels, sample
32、bottles, waste containers,and coolers.10.3 Collect a field blank by pumping de-ionized water orequivalnet through the new tubing. The tubing should have thesame lot number as the tubing used to collect the samples.10.4 Determine the liquid level using a level meter (waterlevel or oil/water interface
33、 meter). WarningPeristalticpumps are not recommended for sampling below 25 ft from thetop of the well (see Guide D6634 for sampling devices andGuide D4448 for guidance in sampling ground water monitor-ing wells).10.5 Taking the Samples:10.5.1 Lower the intake tubing end to the pre-determineddepth to
34、 be sampled (Fig. 1b).10.5.2 Start the pump and purge the system as specified inthe sampling plan.10.5.3 Turn off the pump and lower the exit tube into thesample container.10.5.4 Turn on the pump.10.5.5 Fill the labeled sample bottle or bottles to the desiredvolume, and apply the cap and custody tap
35、e if required (seeGuide D4840).10.6 Air-purge the tubing by reversing the pump directionwith the exit side of the pump clear of any liquids beforesampling the next level. The pump and sampling tube must beclear of any liquid.10.7 Reverse the pump again and lower the intake tube tothe next level if r
36、equired.10.8 Repeat the steps in 10.5.10.9 Record the information in the field log book andpreserve the samples.10.10 If samples are taken on the suction side of the pumpaccording to 9.2 and Fig. 1c, pump reversal and air purging willnot be required before moving to a new sample level.11. Procedure
37、for Sampling From Tanks11.1 Determine the physical dimensions of each tank to besampled (height, diameter, length, liquid level or depth, andposition/height of pump access point).11.2 Prepare the intake tubing for installation to the pumpby marking depth levels as specified in the sampling plan.11.3
38、 Determine the distance to the top of the liquid andrecord the data in the field log book.11.4 Prepare the sample containers according to the sam-pling plan. Each bottle should have a label which can be placedon the bottle before or at the time of sampling (see GuideD4840).11.4.1 Aliquots shall be t
39、aken at the pre-designated depthsas specified within the sampling plan. The data quality objec-tives will specify whether the samples shall be handled asdiscrete or composite samples.11.4.2 Replicates are prepared by repeating the entire pro-cess at each of the specified intervals.NOTE 3Vertical tan
40、ks and horizontal tanks may need to be sampleddifferently if volumes at a given level need to be considered. In horizontalcylindrical tanks evenly-spaced depth intervals do not correspond withequal volumes. If a volume to depth relationship is to be maintained, moresample volume needs to be collecte
41、d in the middle than at the top orbottom of the column to account for extra volume in the middle.NOTE 4Special consideration shall be given in the sampling planprocedures to the top and bottom of the tank to ensure that lightnon-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) or dense non-aqueous phase liquids(DNAPL)
42、are not missed in the sampling.11.5 Lower the calibrated intake tube into the tank to thedesired depth and the exit tube into a waste collectioncontainer.11.6 Start the pump and purge the system as specified in thesampling plan before placing the exit tubing into the samplebottle.11.7 Fill the pre-l
43、abeled sample bottle or sample bottles tothe desired level. Turn off the pump.11.8 Cap the bottle and label as required and put on thesample custody seal if required.11.9 Record the time and other required information on thelabel (see Guide D4840) and in the field log book.11.10 Repeat the process u
44、ntil the desired amount of samplehas been taken at the required level.11.11 Take the exit tube out of the sample bottle andair-purge the pump by direction reversal. Once there is noliquid in the system, lower the intake tube to the next level tobe sampled. Reverse the pump and repeat 11.6 to 11.9.11
45、.12 Repeat the process at each level to be sampled.12. Procedure for Sampling from Drums12.1 Prepare the pump as outlined in Sections 8 and 9.D7353 07 (2013)312.2 Place the end of the inlet tubing in the drum at a depthfrom which the sample will be extracted.12.3 Place the exit end tubing within the
46、 drum.12.4 Turn on the pump and allow at least two volumes ofmaterial to flow through the system. If drum mixing using thepump is required, extend the time to meet the requirements ofthe sampling plan.12.5 Once the sample is adequately mixed, turn off thepump and place the end of the out let tubing
47、into theappropriate sample container.12.6 Turn on the pump and fill the labeled sample bottle orbottles to the desired volume, and apply the cap and custodytape if required.13. Procedure for Sampling Ponds and Lagoons13.1 While there are many techniques available for sam-pling ponds or lagoons, the
48、peristaltic pump may be usefulwhen the sampling requires an average of several aliquots sincethe pump can be timed to turn on or off at specified intervals(see Guide D6232).13.1.1 Ponds and lagoons can be sampled with a peristalticpump by the use of a boat.13.1.2 Ponds and lagoons can be sampled by
49、dropping theintake tube into the liquid backed up behind the weir oroverflow dam.13.1.3 The intake tube can be suspended at the end of a longpole and allowed to be dipped into the pond or lagoon.13.2 The basic sampling procedure is covered in Sections 8,9, and 10.5.14. Keywords14.1 peristaltic; pump; sampling; waste streamsASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and
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