1、Designation: D7465 08D7465/D7465M 15Standard Specification forEthylene Propylene Diene Terpolymer (EPDM) Sheet Used InGeomembrane Applications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7465;D7465/D7465M; the number immediately following the designation indicatesthe year of original adopti
2、on or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers flexible sheet made from ethylene propylene dien
3、e terpolymer (EPDM) geomembrane intended foruse in geotechnical and geoenvironmental applications. The tests and property limits used to characterize the sheet are values toensure minimum quality for the intended use. The vulcanized rubber sheet may be non-reinforced, fabric or scrim reinforcedreinf
4、orced.1.2 In place geomembrane design criteria, such as field seaming strength, and material compatibility, among others, are factorsthat must be considered but are beyond the scope of this specification.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as th
5、e standard. The values stated inparentheses are for information only. each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independentlyof the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to
6、address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D412 Test Me
7、thods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic ElastomersTensionD471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD518 Test Method for Rubber DeteriorationSurface Cracking (Withdrawn 2007)3D573 Test Method for RubberDeterioration in an Air OvenD624 Test Method for Tear Strength of Conventional Vul
8、canized Rubber and Thermoplastic ElastomersD751 Test Methods for Coated FabricsD1149 Test Methods for Rubber DeteriorationCracking in an Ozone Controlled EnvironmentD1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated TemperatureD1418 Practice for R
9、ubber and Rubber LaticesNomenclatureD2137 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyBrittleness Point of Flexible Polymers and Coated FabricsD4439 Terminology for GeosyntheticsD4833D4833/D4833M Test Method for Index Puncture Resistance of Geomembranes and Related ProductsD5884 Test Method for Determining Tear
10、ing Strength of Internally Reinforced GeomembranesD7004D7004/D7004M Test Method for Grab Tensile Properties of Reinforced GeomembranesD7635/D7635M Test Method for Measurement of Thickness of Coatings Over Fabric ReinforcementG151 Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials in Accelerated Test Device
11、s that Use Laboratory Light SourcesG155 Practice for Operating Xenon Arc Light Apparatus for Exposure of Non-Metallic Materials3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of other geosynthetic terms used in this guide, refer to Terminology D4439.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction
12、 of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.10 on Geomembranes.Current edition approved July 1, 2008May 1, 2015. Published October 2008May 2015. Originally approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D746508.DOI: 10.1520/D7465-08.10.15
13、20/D7465_D7465M-15.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this histor
14、ical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately,
15、ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.1.
16、2 composite, nfactory laminated non-woven geotextile and EPDM.3.1.3 EPDM, nterpolymer of ethylene, propylene, and diene with the residual unsaturated portion of the diene in the sidechain. D14183.1.3 composite, nfactory laminated non-woven geotextile and EPDM.4. Classification4.1 Types describe the
17、sheet construction:4.1.1 Type INon-reinforced.4.1.2 Type IIScrim (or fabric) internally reinforced.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 The sheet shall be formulated from EPDM polymers and other compounding ingredients. EPDM shall be the principalpolymer used in the sheet and shall be greater than 95 % o
18、f the total polymer content.5.2 To make seams and repairs, the sheet shall be capable of being bonded watertight to itself and the supplier or fabricator shallrecommend suitable methods.6. Physical Properties and Requirements6.1 The sheet shall conform to the physical requirements prescribed in Tabl
19、e 1.6.2 The tolerance for time conditions (aging, weathering, and so forth) is 615 min or 61 % of the period; whichever is greater,unless otherwise specified.6.3 Tolerances for temperature shall be 62 C (64 F).62C 64F.7. Dimensions7.1 The width and length of the sheet shall be agreed upon between th
20、e purchaser and the supplier.7.1.1 The width and length tolerance shall be +3 %, -0 %.7.2 The thickness tolerance shall be +15 %, -10 % of the thickness agreed upon between the purchaser and supplier, but in nocase shall the thickness be less than the minimum listed in Table 1.8. Workmanship, Finish
21、, and Appearance8.1 The sheet, including the full width of factory seams if present, shall be fully adhered, watertight, and visibly free of pinholes,particles of foreign matter, undispersed raw material or other manufacturing defects that might affect serviceability. If the numberof irregularities
22、in the form of pockmarks (see Note 1Note 1) ) appear excessive on the sheet (or portion thereof), then its rejectionshall be negotiated between involved parties.NOTE 1Pockmarks are oblong depressions, cavities or craters on the surface of the sheet that have an approximate surface dimension of 3.2 b
23、y 1.6mm 1/8 by 116 in., and have a maximum depth approaching one half of the sheet thickness.8.2 Edges of the sheets shall be straight and flat so that they may be seamed to one another without fishmouthing.NOTE 1Pockmarks are oblong depressions, cavities or craters on the surface of the sheet that
24、have an approximate surface dimension of 3.2 by 1.6mm (1/8 by 1/16 in.), and have a maximum depth approaching one half of the sheet thickness.9. Test Methods9.1 DimensionsTest Methods D751, after permitting the sheet to relax at 2323 6 2C (73.473.4 6 4F)4F for 1 hourh6 15 min.9.2 Thickness, Sheet Ov
25、erallFrom across the full width of the unbuffed sheet, take three samples, 300 by 300 mm (11 by 1ft).ft. Measure the thickness of each corner. Refer to Test MethodMethods D412 for Type I sheet and Test MethodMethods D751for Type II sheet.9.3 Thickness of Coating Over Scrim (Reinforcing Fabric)Optica
26、l Methodsee Annex A1Annex A1. .9.4 Breaking StrengthTest Methods D751, Grab Method.9.5 Tensile StrengthTest Methods D412, Die C.9.6 Puncture ResistanceTest Method D4833D4833/D4833M.9.7 Elongation, UltimateTest Methods D412, Die C.9.8 Elongation at Fabric Break, UltimateTest MethodMethods D751, Grab
27、Method, 50 mm (2 in.)2 in. per minute jawseparation rate.9.9 Tensile SetTest Methods D412, Method A, Die C, 50 % elongation.D7465/D7465M 152TABLE 1 Physical Requirements for EPDM SheetType ASTM I IIThickness, min, mm (in.):Sheet-overall D412 Type 1 1.016 (0.040) 1.016 (0.040)Coating over scrim or fa
28、bric D7004 Type 11 . 0.38 (0.015)Breaking Strength, min, N (lbf) D7004 Grab Method . 400 (90)Tensile strength, min, MPa (psi) D412 Die C 9.0 (1305) .Puncture Resistance N (lbs) Min. D4833 133 (30) 270 (60)Elongation, ultimate, min % D412 Die C 300 250AElongation fabric break, ultimate, D7004, Grabmi
29、n, % Method, 50 mmMachine direction (2 in.)per15Cross direction minute jawseparation rate15Tensile set, max D412 Method A, Die C 10 .Tear resistance, min, kN/m (lbf/in.) D624 Die C 26.27 (150) .Tearing strength, min, N (lbf) D7004, B-Tongue . 45 (10Brittleness point, max C (F) D2137 45 (49) 45 (49)O
30、zone resistance, no cracks D1149 pass passHeat aging: D573Breaking strength, min, N (lbf) D7004 356 (80)Tensile strength, min, mPa (psi) D412 Method A, Die C 8.3 (1205) .Elongation, ultimate, min, % D412 Die C 200 200ATear resistance, min, kN/m (lbf/in) D624 Die C 21.9 (125) .Linear dimensional chan
31、ge, maz, % D1204 1 1Water absorption, max, mass, % D471 8,2 8, 2AAccelerated Weathering: G151 and G155Visual inspection D518 pass passPRFSE, min, % 30 .Elongation, ultimate, min, % 200 .TABLE 1 Physical Requirements for EPDM SheetProperty ASTM Nominal SheetThicknessType I Type IIThickness, min, mm i
32、n.:Sheet-overall D412 1.14 0.0451.52 0.060D751 1.14 0.0451.52 0.060Coating over scrim or fabric D7635/D7635M 1.14 0.0451.52 0.060. 0.38 0.0150.59 0.022Breaking Strength, min, N lbf D7004/D7004M Grab Method 1.14 0.0451.52 0.060. 400 90400 90Tensile strength, min, MPa psi D412 Die C 1.14 0.0451.52 0.0
33、609.0 13059.0 1305.Puncture Resistance N lbs Min. D4833/D4833M 1.14 0.0451.52 0.060133 30178 40270 60350 80Elongation, ultimate, min % D412 Die C 1.14 0.0451.52 0.060300300250A250AElongation fabric break, ultimate, min, %D7004/D7004M, Grab Method,50 mm 2 in. per minutejaw separation rateMachine dire
34、ction 1.14 0.0451.52 0.0601515Cross direction 1.14 0.0451.52 0.0601515Tensile set, max D412 Method A, Die C 1.14 0.0451.52 0.0601010.Tear resistance, min, kN/m lbf/in. D624 Die C 1.14 0.0451.52 0.06026.27 15040.28 230.Tearing strength, min, N lbf D5884 1.14 0.0451.52 0.060. 580 130750 170Brittleness
35、 point, max C F D2137 1.14 0.0451.52 0.06045 4945 4945 4945 49Ozone resistance, no cracks D1149 1.14 0.0451.52 0.060passpasspasspassHeat Aging: D573Breaking strength, min, N lbf D7004/D7004M 1.14 0.0451.52 0.060356 80888 200Tensile strength, min, MPa psi D412 Method A, Die C 1.14 0.0451.52 0.0608.3
36、12058.3 1205.Elongation, ultimate, min, % D412 Die C 1.14 0.0451.52 0.060200200200A200AD7465/D7465M 1539.10 Tear ResistanceTest Method D624, Die C.9.11 Tearing StrengthTest Methods D751, B-Tongue Tear.9.12 Brittleness PointTest Methods D2137.9.13 Ozone ResistanceTest MethodMethods D1149, Terminology
37、 D4439. Inspect at 7 magnification on specimens exposedto 100 mPa (11 105 psi)psi ozone in air at 4040 6 2C (104104 6 4F).4F. Elongate Type I specimens 50 % for 1666 1.66 hourh exposure. And Type II specimens must be wrapped around a 75 mm (3 in.)3 in. diameter mandrel for 166 6 1.66hourh exposure.
38、The required specimen width is 25 mm (1 in.).1 in.9.14 Heat AgingTest Method D573. Age sheet at 116116 6 2C (240240 6 4F)4F for 670 6 6.7 h . h. Specimens arethen cut from the aged sheet for testing of breaking strength, tensile strength, elongation and tear resistance.9.15 Linear Dimensional Change
39、Test Method D1204.9.16 Water AbsorptionTest Method D471, at 7070 6 2C (158158 6 4F)4F for 166 6 1.66 h.9.17 Laboratory Accelerated WeatheringAccelerated weathering tests shall be performed in accordance with Practices G151and G155. These tests are performed on the intact sheet with the weathering si
40、de facing the lamps. Mount specimens for exposureunder no strain. After exposure the specimens shall be removed and inspected immediately for cracks and crazing at 10 % strainin the bent loop configuration in accordance with Test Method D518 under 7 magnifications. A specimen is rated “pass” if nocr
41、acks or crazing are observed. In addition, for Type I sheet, determine tensile strength and ultimate elongation after exposure tolaboratory accelerated weathering. Calculate the specimen percent retained fractional strain energy (PRFSE):PRFSE5 Tensile Strength3Elongation! agedTensile Strength3Elonga
42、tion! original 31009.18 Tbe Xenon-Arc exposure devices shall be operated in accordance with Practices G151 and G155 and the followingcondtions:Filter type: Daylight FilterIrradiance: 0.35 to 0.70 W/(m2. nm) at 340 nm: 0.02 W/(m2. nm) maximum0.02 W/(m2. nm) maximum allowed fluctuationallowed fluctuat
43、ion(42 to 84 W/m2at 300 to 400 nm: 2 W/m2 maximum allowed fluctuation)2 W/m2 maximum allowed fluctuation)Cycle: 690 min 15 min light, 30 min light plus watersprayplus water sprayUninsulated black panel 80 C 2.5 C maximum allowedUninsulated black paneltemp:80 2.5C maximum allowed fluctuation176 4F ma
44、ximum allowed fluctuationtemp: fluctuation ( 176 F 4 F maximumallowed fluctuation)Chamber air temperature 50 C 2 C maximum allowedChamber air temperature(if controlled)50 2C maximum allowed fluctuation(if controlled) fluctuationRelative humidity: 50 %; 5% maximum allowedRelative humidity: 50 %; 5 %
45、maximum allowed fluctuationfluctuationProperty ASTM Nominal SheetThicknessType I Type IITear resistance, min, kN/m lbf/in. D624 Die C 1.14 0.0451.52 0.06021.9 12537.3 213.Linear dimensional change, max, % D1204 1.14 0.0451.52 0.0601111Water absorption, max, mass, % D471 1.14 0.0451.52 0.0608, 28, 28
46、, 2A8, 2ALaboratory Accelerated Weathering: G151 and G155Visual Inspection D518 1.14 0.0451.52 0.060No cracksNo cracksNo cracksNo cracksPRFSE, min, % 1.14 0.0451.52 0.0603030.Elongation, ultimate, min, % 1.14 0.0451.52 0.060200200.A Specimens to be prepared from coating rubber compound, vulcanized i
47、n a similar method to the reinforced products.D7465/D7465M 154Spray Water: Deionized: refer to Practice G155,Section 6.6.1for temperatureof the waterSpray water: Deionized: refer to Practice G155,Section 6.6.1for temperatureof the waterSpecimen Every 315 KJ(m2.nm) at 340 nmSpecimen repositioning(if
48、required):Every 315 kJ (m2.nm) at 340 nm(37.8 MJ/m2 at 300 to 400 nm)repositioning (37.8 MJ/m2 at 300 to 400 nm)(if required):Exposure duration: 5040 KJ(m2.nm) at 340 nmExposure duration: 5040 kJ (m2.nm) at 340 nm(604.8 MJ/m2 at 300 to 400 nm).10. Inspection and Special Testing10.1 The manufacturer shall inspect and test production to ensure compliance of the product with this specification.11. Rejection and Resubmittal11.1 Failure to conform to any one of the requirements prescribed in this specification shall constitute grounds for rejection.Rejection sh
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