ASTM D7467-2015c 2148 Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel Oil Biodiesel Blend (B6 to B20)《柴油 生物柴油混合物 (B6至B20) 的标准规格》.pdf

1、Designation: D7467 15cStandard Specification forDiesel Fuel Oil, Biodiesel Blend (B6 to B20)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7467; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A nu

2、mber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers fuel blend grades of 6 volumepercent to 20 volume percent (%) biodiesel with the remainderbeing a light middle

3、 or middle distillate diesel fuel, collectivelydesignated as B6 to B20. These grades are suitable for varioustypes of diesel engines.1.1.1 The biodiesel component of the blend shall conform tothe requirements of Specification D6751. The remainder of thefuel shall be a light middle or middle distilla

4、te grade diesel fuelconforming to Specification D975 grades No. 1-D and No. 2-Dof any sulfur level specified with the following exceptions. Thelight middle or middle distillate grade diesel fuel whose sulfurlevel, aromatic level, cetane, or lubricity falls outside ofSpecification D975 may be blended

5、 with biodiesel meetingSpecification D6751, provided the finished mixtures meets thisspecification.1.1.2 The fuel sulfur grades are described as follows:1.1.2.1 Grade B6 to B20 S15A fuel with a maximum of15 ppm sulfur.1.1.2.2 Grade B6 to B20 S500A fuel with a maximum of500 ppm sulfur.1.1.2.3 Grade B

6、6 to B20 S5000Afuel with a maximum of5000 ppm sulfur.1.2 This specification prescribes the required properties ofB6 to B20 biodiesel blends at the time and place of delivery.The specification requirements may be applied at other pointsin the production and distribution system when provided byagreeme

7、nt between the purchaser and the supplier.1.2.1 Nothing in this specification shall preclude observanceof federal, state, or local regulations that may be morerestrictive.NOTE 1The generation and dissipation of static electricity can createproblems in the handling of distillate diesel fuel oils. For

8、 more informa-tion on this subject, see Guide D4865.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup TesterD86 Test Method for Disti

9、llation of Petroleum Products atAtmospheric PressureD93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-MartensClosed Cup TesterD129 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Gen-eral High Pressure Decomposition Device Method)D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-leum Products by Copper

10、 Strip TestD445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum ProductsD524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue ofPetroleum ProductsD613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel OilD664 Tes

11、t Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Productsby Potentiometric TitrationD975 Specification for Diesel Fuel OilsD976 Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index of DistillateFuelsD1266 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (LampMethod)D1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petro-leum P

12、roducts by Fluorescent Indicator AdsorptionD1552 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products byHigh Temperature Combustion and IR DetectionD2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum ProductsD2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products byWavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometr

13、yD2709 Test Method for Water and Sediment in MiddleDistillate Fuels by CentrifugeD2880 Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.E0

14、on Burner, Diesel, Non-Aviation Gas Turbine, and MarineFuels.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2015. Published November 2015. Originallyapproved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D7467 15b. DOI:10.1520/D7467-15C.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or

15、contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, We

16、st Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1D3117 Test Method for Wax Appearance Point of DistillateFuels (Withdrawn 2010)3D3120 Test Method for Trace Quantities of Sulfur in LightLiquid Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Oxidative Microcou-lometryD3828 Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale ClosedCup

17、 TesterD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4294 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and PetroleumProducts by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spec-trometryD4539 Test Method for Filterability of Diesel Fuels byLow-Temperature Flow Test (LTFT)D4737 Test Method for

18、 Calculated Cetane Index by FourVariable EquationD4865 Guide for Generation and Dissipation of Static Elec-tricity in Petroleum Fuel SystemsD5453 Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur inLight Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, DieselEngine Fuel, and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet Fluoresce

19、nceD5771 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products(Optical Detection Stepped Cooling Method)D5772 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products(Linear Cooling Rate Method)D5773 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products(Constant Cooling Rate Method)D6079 Test Method for Evaluating

20、 Lubricity of Diesel Fuelsby the High-Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR)D6217 Test Method for Particulate Contamination in MiddleDistillate Fuels by Laboratory FiltrationD6304 Test Method for Determination of Water in Petro-leum Products, Lubricating Oils, and Additives by Cou-lometric Karl Fischer

21、TitrationD6371 Test Method for Cold Filter Plugging Point of Dieseland Heating FuelsD6468 Test Method for High Temperature Stability ofMiddle Distillate FuelsD6469 Guide for Microbial Contamination in Fuels and FuelSystemsD6751 Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100)for Middle Distillate

22、 FuelsD6890 Test Method for Determination of Ignition Delay andDerived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils byCombustion in a Constant Volume ChamberD7094 Test Method for Flash Point by Modified Continu-ously Closed Cup (MCCCFP) TesterD7220 Test Method for Sulfur in Automotive, Heating, andJet Fu

23、els by Monochromatic Energy Dispersive X-rayFluorescence SpectrometryD7371 Test Method for Determination of Biodiesel (FattyAcid Methyl Esters) Content in Diesel Fuel Oil Using MidInfrared Spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR-PLS Method)D7397 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products(Miniaturized Optical

24、Method)D7619 Test Method for Sizing and Counting Particles inLight and Middle Distillate Fuels, by Automatic ParticleCounterD7668 Test Method for Determination of Derived CetaneNumber (DCN) of Diesel Fuel OilsIgnition Delay andCombustion Delay Using a Constant Volume CombustionChamber MethodD7689 Te

25、st Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products(Mini Method)D7861 Test Method for Determination of Fatty Acid MethylEsters (FAME) in Diesel Fuel by Linear Variable Filter(LVF) Array Based Mid-Infrared SpectroscopyE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Spe

26、cificationsE1064 Test Method for Water in Organic Liquids by Coulo-metric Karl Fischer Titration2.2 Other Standards:26 CFR Part 48 Manufacturers and Retailers Excise Taxes440 CFR Part 80 Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives4EN 14078 Liquid Petroleum ProductsDetermination ofFatty Acid Methyl Ester

27、(FAME) Content in MiddleDistillatesInfrared Spectrometry Method5EN 14112 Fat and Oil DerivativesFatty Acid MethylEsters (FAME)Determination of Oxidation Stability(Accelerated Oxidation Test)5EN 15751 Automotive FuelsFatty Acid Methyl Ester(FAME) Fuel and Blends with Diesel FuelDetermination of Oxida

28、tion Stability by Accelerated Oxi-dation Method5ISO 4406 Hydraulic Fluid PowerFluidsMethod forCoding the Level of Contamination by Solid Particles6ISO 16889 Hydraulic Fluid PowerFiltersMulti-passMethod for Evaluating Filtration Performance of a FilterElement63. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 biodi

29、esel, nfuel comprised of mono-alkyl esters oflong chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animalfats, designated B100.3.1.2 B6 to B20, nfuel blend consisting of 6 volumepercent to 20 volume percent biodiesel conforming to therequirements of Specification D6751 with the remainder beinga ligh

30、t middle or middle distillate grade diesel fuel and meetingthe requirements of this specification.3.1.2.1 DiscussionThe abbreviation BXX represents aspecific blend concentration in the range B6 to B20, where XXis the percent volume of biodiesel in the fuel blend.3.1.3 S(numerical specification maxim

31、um)indicates themaximum sulfur content, in weight ppm (g/g), allowed by thisspecification.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington

32、, DC 20401.5Available from the National CEN members listed on the CEN website(www.cenorm.be.) or from the CEN/TC 19 Secretariat (astmnen.nl).6Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.D7467 15c24. Test Methods4.1 The

33、 requirements enumerated in this specification shallbe determined in accordance with the following methods:4.1.1 Acid NumberTest Method D664.4.1.2 Flash PointTest Method D93, except where othermethods are prescribed by law. For all grades, Test MethodD3828 and Test Method D7094 may be used as an alt

34、ernatewith the same limits. Test Method D56 may be used as analternate with the same limits, provided the flash point is below93 C. This test method will give slightly lower values. Incases of dispute, Test Method D93 shall be used as the refereemethod.4.1.3 Cloud PointTest Method D2500. For all B6

35、to B20grades in Table 1, Test Method D7397 and the automatic TestMethods D5771, D5772, D5773,orD7689 may be used asalternates with the same limits. Test Method D3117 may alsobe used since it is closely related to Test Method D2500.Incase of dispute, Test Method D2500 shall be the referee testmethod.

36、4.1.4 Cold Filter Plugging Point (CFPP)Test MethodD6371.4.1.5 Low Temperature Flow Test (LTFT)Test MethodD4539.TABLE 1 Detailed Requirements for B6 to B20 Biodiesel BlendsProperty Test MethodGradeB6 to B20 S15 B6 to B20 S500AB6 to B20 S5000BAcid Number, mg KOH/g, max D664 0.3 0.3 0.3Viscosity, mm2/s

37、 at 40 C D445 1.9-4.1C1.9-4.1C1.9- 4.1CFlash Point, C, min D93 52D52D52DCloud Point, C, max or LTFT/CFPP, C, maxD2500, D4539, D6371EE ESulfur Content, (g/g)FD5453 15 . .mass percent, max D2622 . 0.05 .mass percent, max D129 . . 0.50Distillation Temperature, C,90 % vol recovered, maxD86 343 343 343Ra

38、msbottom Carbon Residueon 10 % bottoms, mass %, maxD524 0.35 0.35 0.35Cetane Number, min D613G40H40H40HOne of the following must bemet:(1) Cetane index, min.D976-80I40 40 40(2) Aromaticity, volumepercent, maxD1319-03I35 35 .Ash Content, mass percent,maxD482 0.01 0.01 0.01Water and Sediment, volumepe

39、rcent, maxD2709 0.05 0.05 0.05Copper Corrosion, 3 h at 50 C,maxD130 No. 3 No. 3 No. 3Biodiesel Content, % (V/V) D7371 6. - 20. 6. - 20. 6. - 20.Oxidation Stability, hours, min EN 15751 6 6 6Lubricity, HFRR at 60 C, mi-cron (m), maxD6079 520J520J520JAUnder United States of America regulations, if Gra

40、des B6-20 S500 are sold for tax exempt purposes then, at, or beyond terminal storage tanks, they are requiredby26CFR Part 48 to contain the dye Solvent Red 164 at a concentration spectrally equivalent to 3.9 lb of the solid dye standard Solvent Red 26 per thousand barrels of dieselfuel or kerosine,

41、or the tax must be collected.BUnder United States of America regulations, Grades B6-20 S5000 are required by 40 CFR part 80 to contain a sufficient amount of the dye Solvent Red 164 so itspresence is visually apparent. At or beyond terminal storage tanks, they are required by 26 CFR Part 48 to conta

42、in the dye Solvent Red 164 at a concentration spectrallyequivalent to 3.9 lb of the solid dye standard Solvent Red 26 per thousand barrels of diesel fuel or kerosine.CIf Grade No. 1-D or blends of Grade No. 1-D and Grade No. 2-D diesel fuel are used, the minimum viscosity shall be 1.3 mm2/s.DIf Grad

43、e No. 1-D or blends of Grade No. 1-D and Grade No. 2-D diesel fuel are used, or a cloud point of less than 12 C is specified, the minimum flash point shallbe 38 C.EIt is unrealistic to specify low temperature properties that will ensure satisfactory operation at all ambient conditions. In general, c

44、loud point (or wax appearance point)Low Temperature Flow Test, and Cold Filter Plugging Point Test may be useful to estimate vehicle low temperature operability limits but their use with B6 to B20 has notbeen validated. However, satisfactory operation below the cloud point (or wax appearance point)

45、may be achieved depending on equipment design, operating conditions,and the use of flow-improver additives as described in X3.1.2. Appropriate low temperature operability properties should be agreed upon between the fuel supplier andpurchaser for the intended use and expected ambient temperatures. T

46、est Methods D4539 and D6371 may be especially useful to estimate vehicle low temperatureoperability limits when flow improvers are used but their use with B6 to B20 from a full range of biodiesel feedstock sources has not been validated. Due to fuel deliverysystem, engine design, and test method dif

47、ferences, low temperature operability tests may not provide the same degree of protection in various vehicle operating classes.Tenth percentile minimum air temperatures for U.S. locations are provided in Appendix X3 as a means of estimating expected regional temperatures. The tenth percentileminimum

48、 air temperatures may be used to estimate expected regional target temperatures for use with Test Methods D2500, D4539, and D6371. Refer to X3.1.3 for furthergeneral guidance on test application.FOther sulfur limits can apply in selected areas in the United States and in other countries.GCalculated

49、cetane index approximation, Test Method D4737, is not applicable to biodiesel blends.HLow ambient temperatures, as well as engine operation at high altitudes, may require the use of fuels with higher cetane ratings. If the diesel fuel is qualified under Table 1of Specification D975 for cetane, it is not necessary to measure the cetane number of the blend. This is because the cetane number of the individual blend componentswill be at least 40, so the resulting blend will also be at least 40 cetane number.IThese test methods are specified in 40