1、Designation: D 7517 09Standard Specification forFully-Formulated 1,3 Propanediol (PDO) Base EngineCoolant for Heavy-Duty Engines1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 7517; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revi
2、sion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the requirements for fully-formulated glycol base coolants for cooling sys
3、tems of heavy-duty engines. When concentrates are used at 40 to 60 % PDOconcentration by volume in water of suitable quality, (seeAppendix X1), or when prediluted PDO base engine coolants(50 volume % minimum) are used without further dilution,they will function effectively during both winter and sum
4、mer toprovide protection against corrosion, cavitation, freezing, andboiling.1.2 The coolants governed by this specification are catego-rized as follows:Coolant Type DescriptionI-FF 1,3 Propanediol base concentrateII-FF 1,3 Propanediol predilute (50 vol %)1.3 Coolant concentrates meeting this specif
5、ication do notrequire any addition of Supplemental Coolant Additive (SCA)until the first maintenance interval when a maintenance dose ofSCA is required to continue protection in certain heavy-dutyengine cooling systems, particularly those of the wet cylinderliner-in-block design. The SCA additions a
6、re defined by andare the primary responsibility of the engine manufacturer orvehicle manufacturer. If they provide no instructions, followthe SCA suppliers instructions.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.5 Th
7、is standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documen
8、ts2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 512 Test Methods for Chloride Ion In WaterD 516 Test Method for Sulfate Ion in WaterD 1126 Test Method for Hardness in WaterD 1287 Test Method for pH of Engine Coolants and Anti-rustsD 1293 Test Methods for pH of WaterD 4327 Test Method for Anions in Water by ChemicallySuppre
9、ssed Ion ChromatographyD 4725 Terminology for Engine CoolantsD 5827 Test Method for Analysis of Engine Coolant forChloride and Other Anions by Ion ChromatographyD 5828 Test Method for Compatibility of SupplementalCoolant Additives (SCAs) and Engine Coolant Concen-tratesD 6130 Test Method for Determi
10、nation of Silicon and OtherElements in Engine Coolant by Inductively CoupledPlasma-Atomic Emission SpectroscopyD 7518 Specification for 1,3 Propanediol (PDO) Base En-gine Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty ServiceE 394 Test Method for Iron in Trace Quantities Using the1,10-Phenanthroline Method2.
11、2 Other Documents3Federal Method 2540B Total Dissolved Solids Dried at103-105C3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 supplemental coolant additive (SCA), nan additiveused in conventionally inhibited heavy-duty engine coolantsrequired to maintain protection against general corrosion,cylinder liner pitti
12、ng, and scaling in heavy-duty engines.3.1.2 For other definitions used in this specification, refer toTerminology D 4725.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D15 onEngine Coolants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D15.07 onSpecifications.Current edition appr
13、oved April 1, 2009. Published May 2009.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Standard Method for t
14、he Examination of Water and Wastewater, AmericanPublic Health Association, et al, 1015 15th Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20005.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4. General Requirements4.1 Concentrated and prediluted cool
15、ants shall meet all ofthe respective requirements of Specification D 7518.4.2 The coolant concentrate mixed with water or the predi-luted coolant, when maintained with maintenance does of SCAin accordance with the engine manufacturers recommenda-tions, and those on the product label, shall be suitab
16、le for usein a properly maintained cooling system in normal service fora minimum of two years (See Appendix X1).5. Additional Requirements5.1 The coolant concentrate or prediluted coolant addition-ally shall provide protection in operating engines againstcavitation corrosion (also termed liner pitti
17、ng) and againstscaling of internal engine hot surfaces. Hot surfaces typicallyare within the engine head, head spacer, upper cylinder liner, orliquid cooled exhaust manifold. ASTM has test methods underdevelopment for both cavitation corrosion and hot surfacescaling. Until these procedures are appro
18、ved as ASTM stan-dards, the mandatory requirements of Annex A1 shall apply.5.2 Both the concentrated and prediluted coolants shallcontain less than 50 g/g sulfate ion.6. Keywords6.1 1,3-propanediol; cavitation; fully-formulated heavy-duty engine coolant; maintenance dose; PDO; supplementalcoolant ad
19、ditiveANNEXA1. CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR FULLY FORMULATED HEAVY-DUTY ENGINE COOLANTA1.1 Laboratory data or in-service experience demonstrat-ing a positive influence on reducing cavitation corrosion in anoperating engine is required.A1.1.1 In-service qualification tests may consist of single-or multi
20、ple-cylinder engine tests.At the option of the engine orvehicle manufacturer, such testing may be conducted in “looseengines (that is, engines modified to induce liner cavitation)”or in engines fully integrated into an application, such as avehicle, a powerboat, or a stationary power source. One suc
21、htest has been developed.4A1.2 Several chemical compositions have been testedextensively by producers and users and satisfactorily minimizecylinder liner cavitation in actual test engines. Coolants meet-ing either of the following compositions are regarded aspassing the requirements of A1.1.A1.2.1 A
22、 minimum concentration of nitrite (as NO2)of1200 g/g in the 50 volume % predilute coolant, orA1.2.2 A minimum combined concentration of nitrite (asNO2) plus molybdate (as MoO42) in the 50 volume %predilute coolant of 780 g/g. At lest 300 g/g each of NO2and MoO42must be present.A1.2.3 The above conce
23、ntrations are doubled for coolanttemperature.A1.3 Chemical composition requirements for cavitationcorrosion protection will be removed from this specificationand replaced with anASTM test method when a test method isdeveloped and adopted.A1.4 Both concentrated and prediluted coolants under thisspeci
24、fication must contain additives to minimize hot surfacescaling deposits. Certain additives (polyacrylate and othertypes) minimize the deposition of calcium and magnesiumcompounds on heat rejecting surfaces. No specific chemicalrequirements for hot surface scaling and deposits resistancehave been est
25、ablished at this time. A test procedure is underdevelopment and will be incorporated into the specificationwhen a procedure is approved by ASTM.A1.5 Lack of compatibility between the coolant and SCAproducts chemistry results in chemical ingredient dropoutfrom solution, with potential adverse effects
26、 in the vehicle orengine cooling system.Atest procedure for compatibility (TestMethod D 5828) has been approved and will be incorporatedinto the specification when limits are determined.4“A Comparison of Engine Coolant in an Accelerated Heavy-Duty EngineCavitation Test,” SAE Technical Paper 960883,
27、SAE International, 400 Common-wealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 150960001.D7517092APPENDIXX1. COOLANT MAINTENANCE FOR HEAVY-DUTY ENGINESX1.1 Engine CoolantCooling system fill for a heavy-duty engine consists of water and fully formulated heavy-dutycoolant concentrate or fully formulated prediluted heavy-
28、dutycoolant.X1.1.1 Water:X1.1.1.1 Water quality affects the efficiency of coolantadditives. When untreated, all water is corrosive. Water havinga high mineral content or corrosive materials is unfit forcooling system use.X1.1.1.2 When preparing coolant mixtures, the watershould be of such quality th
29、at it does not contain excessivesolids, hardness salts, sulfates, or chlorides. In the absence ofspecific recommendations from the engine or vehicle manu-facturer, see Table X1.1. Contact your local water department,the responsible government agency, or submit a water samplefor analysis if there is
30、a question on water quality.X1.1.2 Coolant Concentrates:X1.1.2.1 The coolant concentration should be maintainedbetween 40 and 60 % PDO by volume, depending on theengine operating environment. Freeze protection will be pro-vided in accordance with Table X1.2.X1.1.3 Prediluted Engine Coolants:X1.1.3.1
31、 Prediluted glycol base engine coolants (50 volume% minimum) should be used without further dilution. Ifadditional freeze protection is required, coolant concentratemay be added to the prediluted engine coolant to increase thetotal glycol content in the cooling system (see Table X1.2).X1.1.4 Supplem
32、ental Coolant Additive:X1.1.4.1 SCAs extend the life of the coolant by replenishingthe additives that deplete during normal operation. SCAs,however, do not extend the freeze protection provided by thecoolant concentrate.X1.1.4.2 Heavy-duty engine users experience has shownthat compositions below tho
33、se defined inA1.2 may not providelong-term protection against cavitation corrosion (liner pit-ting). User experience and published information shows thepresence of nitrite in an SCA or fully-formulated heavy-dutycoolant is particularly effective in providing maximum protec-tion.X1.1.4.3 New technolo
34、gy consisting of other chemistriesmay provide satisfactory protection. Such chemistries can beestablished by agreement between producers and users upondemonstration of performance. Such demonstrations can con-sist of comparative laboratory cavitation tests or comparativedamage rating from testing in
35、 operating engines. One or bothof these options may be applied as determined in a specificagreement between parties. An engine test has been devel-oped.4X1.2 Coolant Maintenance Recommendations:X1.2.1 If any of the following recommendations differ,follow the engine or vehicle manufacturers recommend
36、ations.X1.2.2 Use the coolant concentration recommended in thisspecification.X1.2.3 Drain and flush the cooling system as recommendedby the engine or vehicle manufacturer.X1.2.4 Use water that meets the requirement of Table X1.1.X1.2.5 Use accurate, reliable equipment, such as a refrac-tometer, to m
37、easure coolant concentrate levels for freezeprotection.X1.2.6 Use the SCA manufacturers recommended test kitwhen testing the coolant for proper additive concentration. Testkits shall indicate the degree of liner pitting protection presentin the coolant.X1.2.7 Check freezing point at two different le
38、vels whencoolant concentrate and water is premixed and stored in bulk ordrums to be sure mixing is complete before use.X1.2.8 Use coolant mixed at the desired proportions formake-up.X1.2.9 Use SCAs at the recommended maintenance dosageand intervals to control deposits, corrosion, water pumpdamage, a
39、nd liner pitting.X1.2.10 Periodically check bulk premixed coolant storagetanks for separation of chemicals and contamination.X1.2.11 DO NOT add undiluted coolant concentrate asmake-up coolant for coolant Types I-FF and II-FF.X1.2.12 DO NOT add plain water as make-up coolant.X1.2.13 DO NOT exceed 60
40、% coolant concentrate in TypeI-FF and Type II-FF coolants. The maximum recommendedcoolant concentrate level is 60 % which provides the freezeprotection shown in X1.1.2.X1.2.14 DO NOT exceed the manufacturers recommendeddosage of SCA or the recommended concentration of coolantconcentrate. Over-concen
41、tration can result in plugged radia-tors, heater cores, and charge air coolers and can also causewater pump seal leaks.X1.2.15 DO NOT reuse coolant that has been drained froma vehicle.TABLE X1.1 Suggested Water Quality LimitsAProperty Specific Values Test MethodTotal solids, g/g (ppm, grains/gal) 34
42、0 (20) max Federal Method2540BTotal hardness, g/g (ppm, grains/gal) 170 (10) max D 6130, D 1126Chloride (Cl), g/g (ppm, grains/gal) 40 (2.4) max D 5827, D 512,D 4327Sulfate (SO4), g/g (ppm, grains/gal) 100 (5.9) max D 5827, D 516,D 4327pH 5.5 9.00 D 1287, D 1293Iron (Fe), g/g (ppm, gal) 1.0 (0.6) ma
43、x D 6130, E 394AAdopted from a survey by the D15 Water Quality Task Force.TABLE X1.2 Freeze ProtectionApproximate Freeze Protection Temperature, C (F)Glycol Content, % Coolant TypeI-FF40 18 (1)50 28 (18)60 44 (47)D7517093X1.2.16 DO NOT precharge the cooling system with SCAwhen using fully-formulated
44、 heavy-duty engine coolant.X1.2.17 DO NOT use soluble oil additives.X1.2.18 DO NOT use methyl alcohol or methoxypropanolbase coolant concentrates.X1.2.19 DO NOT use anti-leak additives if engine coolingsystem is equipped with a coolant filter, as this may plug thefilter element. For all other coolin
45、g systems, follow therecommendations of the engine or vehicle manufacturer.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity
46、 of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments
47、 are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not
48、received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D7517094
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