1、Designation: D7714 11Standard Specification forGlycerin Base Engine Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty Service1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7714; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year o
2、f last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the requirements for glycerinbase engine coolants used in automobiles or other light dutys
3、ervice cooling systems. When concentrates are used at 50 to60 % concentration by volume in water, or when predilutedglycerin base engine coolants (50 volume % minimum) areused without further dilution, they will function effectively toprovide protection against freezing, boiling, and corrosion.1.2 T
4、he coolants governed by this specification are catego-rized as follows:Coolant Type DescriptionI Glycerin base concentrateII Glycerin predilute (50 to 60 volume %)NOTE 1This specification is based on the knowledge of the perfor-mance of engine coolants prepared from new or virgin ingredients thatcom
5、ply with Specification D7640.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this s
6、tandard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See X1.5 forspecific caution statement.NOTE 2This specification applies to automobiles and light dutyservice. A glycerin based specification for heavy duty engine se
7、rvice isunder development.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D512 Test Methods for Chloride Ion In WaterD516 Test Method for Sulfate Ion in WaterD1119 Test Method for Percent Ash Content of EngineCoolantsD1120 Test Method for Boiling Point of Engine CoolantsD1121 Test Method for Reserve Alka
8、linity of Engine Cool-ants and AntirustsD1122 Test Method for Density or Relative Density ofEngine Coolant Concentrates and Engine Coolants By TheHydrometerD1123 Test Methods for Water in Engine Coolant Concen-trate by the Karl Fischer Reagent MethodD1126 Test Method for Hardness in WaterD1177 Test
9、Method for Freezing Point of Aqueous EngineCoolantsD1287 Test Method for pH of Engine Coolants and Anti-rustsD1293 Test Methods for pH of WaterD1384 Test Method for Corrosion Test for Engine Coolantsin GlasswareD1881 Test Method for Foaming Tendencies of EngineCoolants in GlasswareD1882 Test Method
10、for Effect of Cooling System ChemicalSolutions on Organic Finishes for Automotive VehiclesD2570 Test Method for Simulated Service Corrosion Test-ing of Engine CoolantsD2809 Test Method for Cavitation Corrosion and Erosion-Corrosion Characteristics of Aluminum Pumps With En-gine CoolantsD3321 Test Me
11、thod for Use of the Refractometer for FieldTest Determination of the Freezing Point of AqueousEngine CoolantsD3634 Test Method for Trace Chloride Ion in EngineCoolantsD4327 Test Method for Anions in Water by Suppressed IonChromatographyD4340 Test Method for Corrosion of CastAluminumAlloysin Engine C
12、oolants Under Heat-Rejecting ConditionsD4725 Terminology for Engine CoolantsD5827 Test Method for Analysis of Engine Coolant forChloride and Other Anions by Ion ChromatographyD5931 Test Method for Density and Relative Density ofEngine Coolant Concentrates and Aqueous Engine Cool-ants by Digital Dens
13、ity Meter1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D15 on EngineCoolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD15.93 on Research and Long Range Planning.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2011. Published October 2011. DOI: 10.1520/D7714-11.2For refere
14、nced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West
15、Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.D6130 Test Method for Determination of Silicon and OtherElements in Engine Coolant by Inductively CoupledPlasma-Atomic Emission SpectroscopyD6660 Test Method for Freezing Point ofAqueous EthyleneGlycol Base Engine Coolants by Automatic Phase Transi-tion Met
16、hodD7640 Specification for Engine Coolant Grade GlycerinE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE394 Test Method for Iron in Trace Quantities Using the1,10-Phenanthroline Method2.2 Other Standards:3Federal Method 2540B Total Dissolved Solids
17、Dried at103-105C3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 other glycols, nin ethylene glycol base engine cool-ant, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol,propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, and1,3-propanediol.3.1.2 other glycols, nin propylene glycol base engine
18、coolant, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol,tetraethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol,and 1,3-propanediol.3.1.3 glycerin base engine coolant, nengine coolant inwhich the freeze point depressant is 1,2,3 propanetriol, withinhibitors to minimize foaming and corr
19、osion.3.2 For definitions of other terms used in this specification,refer to Terminology D4725.4. General Requirements4.1 Engine coolant concentrates or prediluted glycerin baseengine coolants shall be formulated with glycerin meetingSpecification D7640, water, and suitable corrosion inhibitors,dye,
20、 and a foam suppressor.4.2 All engine coolant concentrates or prediluted glycerinbase engine coolants shall be in accordance with the generalrequirements given in Table 1.4.3 Prediluted glycerin (Type II) base engine coolants shallbe formulated using water that meets the following require-ments:Prop
21、ertySpecificValuesASTMTest MethodChlorides, g/g (ppm, grains/gal) 25 (1.5) max D5827, D512, D4327Sulfate, g/g (ppm, grains/gal) 50 (3.0) max D5827, D516, D4327Hardness, as CaCO3, g/g(ppm, grains/gal)20 (1.2) max D6130, D1126pH 5.5 to 8.5 D1287, D1293Iron, g/g (ppm, grains/gal) 1.0 (0.06) max D6130,
22、E394NOTE 3Prediluted coolants are intended for direct addition to anengine cooling system with no further dilution. However, if circumstancesrequire addition and prediluted aqueous engine coolant is not available,use the appropriate engine coolant concentrate (Type I) diluted to 50volume % with wate
23、r of at least the quality outlined in Table X1.1.4.4 When diluting engine coolant concentrates for actualservice, use municipal (treated) water, or low-mineral contentwell water (seeAppendix X1, Table X1.1). If such water is notavailable, use deionized (demineralized) or distilled water.Thisprocedur
24、e will minimize the formation of hard water scale andavoid the introduction of mineral components, such as chlo-rides and sulfates, which can increase the corrosion rate ofaluminum and iron.4.5 When installed in accordance with the vehicle manufac-turers recommendations and those on the product labe
25、l, enginecoolant concentrates or prediluted glycerin base engine cool-ants shall be suitable for use in a properly maintained coolingsystem (Appendix X1) in normal light-duty service for aminimum of one year without adversely affecting fluid flowand heat transfer.5. Detailed Requirements5.1 Glycerin
26、 base coolant concentrates and prediluted cool-ants shall be in accordance with the physical and chemicalrequirements prescribed in Table 2 depending on coolant type(see 1.2).5.2 The requirements listed in Table 2 for prediluted coolant(Type II) are prescribed for the coolant as packaged, withoutfur
27、ther dilution or adjustment.5.3 All coolant concentrates and prediluted coolants shallconform to the performance requirements listed in Table 3.5.4 Coolant concentrates shall be diluted for performancetesting as described in the individual ASTM test methods.5.5 If necessary, the freezing point of pr
28、ediluted coolantsshall be adjusted with deionized water before proceeding withperformance testing. The freezing point of prediluted glycerinbase coolants (Type II) shall be 27.0C (16.6F).5.6 Adjusted, prediluted engine coolant performance testsolutions shall be prepared as described in Table 3, Foot
29、notesB through F.6. Keywords6.1 engine coolant; engine coolant concentrate; glycerin;light duty engine coolant; prediluted engine coolant3Standard Method for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, AmericanPublic Health Association, et al, 1015 15th Street NW, Washington, DC 200005TABLE 1 General R
30、equirementsProperty Specified Values ASTM Test MethodColor Distinctive . . .Effect on nonmetals No adverse effect Under considerationD7714 112TABLE 2 Physical and Chemical RequirementsProperty Type I Type II ASTM Test MethodRelative density, 15.5/15.5C (60/60F) 1.249 to 1.265 1.130 minRelative densi
31、ty, 25/25C (77/77F) 1.252 to 1.262 1.127 min D1122, D5931Freezing Point,A,BC (F):50% (vol) in DI water -27.0 (-16.6) maxD1177, D6660Undiluted -27.0 (-16.6) maxBoiling point,CC (F): D112050% (vol) in DI water 106 (223) minUndiluted 172 (342) min 106 (223) minAsh content, mass % 5 max 2.5 max D1119pH:
32、 D128750 vol % in DI water 7.5 to 11Undiluted 7.5to11Chloride, g/g 25 max 25 max D3634, D5827DWater, mass % 5 max not applicable D1123Reserve alkalinity, mL reportEreportED1121Effect on automotive finish (use clear coatthermoset urethane or acrylic urethane finish)no effect no effect D1882FAFor purp
33、oses of determining conformance with this specification, an observed value shall be rounded “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressingthe specification limit, in accordance with the rounding method of Practice E29.BThe blender/user should be advised that due to the relativ
34、ely high density of glycerin; % vol and % mass are not interchangeable. For example, 50% solution by volumeis equivalent to 56% by weight.CSome precipitate may be observed at the end of the test. This should not be cause for rejection.DIn case of dispute, Test Method D3634 shall be the preferred tes
35、t method.EValue as agreed upon between the supplier and the customer.FCurrently, many vehicle manufacturers prepare test panels using the specific paint finishes employed on their actual products. Coolant suppliers and vehiclemanufacturers should agree on the exact test procedures and acceptance cri
36、teria on an individual basis.TABLE 3 Performance RequirementsAProperty Specific ValuesASTMTest MethodTest Solution Concentration,vol % Glycerin AntifreezeCorrosion in glassware D1384B33Weight loss, mg/specimen:copper 10 maxsolder 30 maxbrass 10 maxsteel 10 maxcast iron 10 maxaluminum 30 maxSimulated
37、 service test D2570C44Weight loss, mg/specimen:copper 20 maxsolder 60 maxbrass 20 maxsteel 20 maxcast iron 20 maxaluminum 60 maxCorrosion of cast aluminum alloysat heat-rejecting surfaces, mg/cm2/week1.0 max D4340D25Foaming D1881E33Volume, mL 150 maxBreak time, s 5 maxCavitation-Erosion 8 min D2809F
38、17Rating for pitting, cavitation, anderosion of the water pumpAFor engine coolant concentrates, test solutions shall be prepared in accordance with the directions provided in the individual ASTM test methods noted. For predilutedengine coolants, prepare test solutions using the directions provided i
39、n Footnotes B through F.BFor prediluted coolants, prepare the test solution by mixing 67 volume % of the adjusted (see 4.4) prediluted product with 33 volume % ASTM Type IV reagent water.Add 99 mg of sodium sulfate, 110 mg of sodium chloride, and 92 mg of sodium bicarbonate per litre of test solutio
40、n.CFor prediluted coolants, prepare the test solution by mixing 88 volume % of the adjusted (see 4.4) prediluted product with 12 volume % ASTM Type IV reagent water.Add 83 mg of sodium sulfate, 92 mg of sodium chloride, and 77 mg of sodium bicarbonate per litre of test solution.DFor prediluted coola
41、nts, prepare the test solution by mixing 50 volume % of the adjusted (see 4.4) prediluted product with 50 volume % ASTM Type IV reagent water.Add 165 mg of sodium chloride per litre of test solution.EFor prediluted coolants, prepare the test solution by mixing 67 volume % of the adjusted (see 4.4) p
42、rediluted product with 33 volume % ASTM Type II reagent water.FFor prediluted coolants, prepare the test solution by mixing 33 volume % of the adjusted (see 4.4) prediluted product with 67 volume % ASTM Type IV reagent water.Add 123 mg of sodium sulfate, 137 mg of sodium chloride, and 115 mg of sodi
43、um bicarbonate per litre of test solution.D7714 113APPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1. COOLING SYSTEM MAINTENANCEX1.1 Filling the Cooling SystemX1.1.1 Before installing engine coolant, the cooling systemshould be inspected and necessary service work completed.X1.1.2 Cooling system fill should co
44、nsist of coolant con-centrate and water or prediluted glycerin base engine coolant(50 % volume minimum).X1.1.3 When preparing solutions, the water should be ofsuch quality that it does not contain excessive solids, hardnesssalts, sulfates, or chlorides. In the absence of specific recom-mendations fr
45、om the engine or vehicle manufacturer, see TableX1.1.X1.1.4 Contact your local water department, the responsiblegovernment agency, or submit a water sample for analyses, ifthere is a question on water quality.X1.1.5 The recommended coolant concentration range is 50to 60 %.X1.2 Essential Cooling Syst
46、em ServiceX1.2.1 Check coolant concentration (freeze point). Themost accurate and preferred means of determining coolantconcentration is by the refractometer (see X2.1 and TableX1.2).X1.2.2 Check coolant level and condition. Replace coolantat service intervals recommended by the engine manufacturer,
47、vehicle manufacturer, or designated service organization. Fol-low recommended practices.X1.2.3 Pressure test system for leaks (preferably whencold).X1.2.4 Test pressure cap and inspect radiator filler neck.X1.2.5 Inspect hoses and tighten hose connections.X1.2.6 Inspect drive belts and check for pro
48、per tension.X1.2.7 Test thermostat if the engine is running too hot or toocold. Replace with a thermostat recommended by the manu-facturer or equivalent.X1.3 Premix coolant concentrate and water before addingto the cooling system.X1.4 When preparing additions or when replacing thecoolant in the engi
49、ne system, use only clean, low mineralcontent water.X1.5 CautionDo not remove the radiator pressure capwhen the engine is hot. The cooling system will likely be underpressure. When the engine has cooled, carefully turn to the firstnotch to vent the system pressure, then remove. If coolantoverflows when the cap is vented, immediately retighten andpermit the system to cool further.X2. DETERMINATION OF FREEZE POINTX2.1 If glycerin, propylene glycol (PG) base coolants, andethylene glycol (EG) base coolants are mixed in a coolingsystem, problems may result whe
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