ASTM D7715-2012(2016)e1 2651 Standard Specification for Fully-Formulated Glycerin Base Engine Coolant for Heavy-Duty Engines《重型发动机用全配制的甘油基发动机冷却剂的标准规格》.pdf

1、Designation: D7715 12 (Reapproved 2016)1Standard Specification forFully-Formulated Glycerin Base Engine Coolant for Heavy-Duty Engines1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7715; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of

2、 revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTECaution statement in X3.1.4 was changed to a Warning and editorial changes were made throughout inMay

3、2016.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the requirements for fully-formulated glycerin base coolants for cooling systems ofheavy-duty engines. When concentrates are used at 40 to 60 %glycerin concentration by volume in water of suitable quality(see Appendix X1), or when prediluted glycerin base e

4、nginecoolants (50 volume % min) are used without further dilution,they will function effectively during both winter and summer toprovide protection against corrosion, cavitation, freezing, andboiling.1.2 This specification is intended to cover the requirementsfor engine coolants prepared from virgin

5、 glycerin.NOTE 1This specification is based on the knowledge of the perfor-mance of engine coolants prepared from new or virgin ingredients thatcomply with Specification D7714.1.3 The coolants governed by this specification are catego-rized as follows:Coolant Type DescriptionV-FF Glycerin base conce

6、ntrateVI-FF Glycerin predilute (50 vol %)1.4 Coolant concentrates meeting this specification do notrequire addition of supplemental coolant additive (SCA) untilthe first maintenance interval when a maintenance dose of SCAis required to continue protection in certain heavy duty enginecooling systems,

7、 particularly those of the wet cylinder liner-in-block design. The SCA additions are defined by and are theprimary responsibility of the engine manufacturer or vehiclemanufacturer. If they provide no instructions, follow the SCAsuppliers instructions.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regar

8、ded asstandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine t

9、he applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1126 Test Method for Hardness in WaterD1293 Test Methods for pH of WaterD3306 Specification for Glycol Base Engine Coolant forAutomobile and Light-Duty ServiceD3321 Test Method for Use of the Refract

10、ometer for FieldTest Determination of the Freezing Point of AqueousEngine CoolantsD4327 Test Method for Anions in Water by Suppressed IonChromatographyD4725 Terminology for Engine Coolants and Related FluidsD5828 Test Method for Compatibility of SupplementalCoolant Additives (SCAs) and Engine Coolan

11、t Concen-tratesD6130 Test Method for Determination of Silicon and OtherElements in Engine Coolant by Inductively CoupledPlasma-Atomic Emission SpectroscopyD7583 Test Method for John Deere Coolant Cavitation TestD7714 Specification for Glycerin Base Engine Coolant forAutomobile and Light-Duty Service

12、E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications2.2 Other Standards:3Federal Method 2540B Total Dissolved Solids Dried at103-105C1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D15 on EngineCoolants and Related Fluids and is the direct

13、 responsibility of SubcommitteeD15.93 on Research and Long Range Planning.Current edition approved April 1, 2016. Published May 2016. Originallyapproved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D7715 12. DOI:10.1520/D7715-12R16E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www

14、.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Standard Method for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, AmericanPublic Health Association, et al, 801 I Street, NW

15、, Washington, DC 20001,http:/www.apha.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 glycerin base engine coolant, nengine coolant inwhich the freeze point depressant is 1,2,3 propane triol, wi

16、thinhibitors to minimize foaming and corrosion.3.1.2 supplemental coolant additive (SCA), nadditiveused in conventionally inhibited heavy duty engine coolantsrequired to maintain protection against general corrosion,cylinder liner pitting, and scaling in heavy duty engines.3.1.3 For other definition

17、s and terms used in thisspecification, refer to Terminology D4725.4. General Requirements4.1 Concentrated and prediluted coolants shall meet all ofthe physical, chemical and performance requirements of Speci-fication D7714, Tables 1, 2, and 3.4.2 The coolant concentrate mixed with water or the predi

18、-luted coolant, when maintained with maintenance doses ofSCA in accordance with the engine manufacturersrecommendations, and those on the product label, shall besuitable for use in a properly maintained cooling system innormal service for a minimum of two years (see Appendix X1).5. Additional Requir

19、ements5.1 The coolant concentrate or prediluted coolant addition-ally shall provide protection in operating engines againstcavitation corrosion (also termed liner pitting) and againstscaling of internal engine hot surfaces. Hot surfaces typicallyare within the engine head, head spacer, upper cylinde

20、r liner, orliquid cooled exhaust manifold (Test Method D7583).5.2 Lack of compatibility between the coolant and SCAproducts chemistry may cause the solute to precipitate out ofsolution, with potential adverse effects in the vehicle or enginecooling system. A test procedure for compatibility (TestMet

21、hod D5828) has been developed and approved. The com-patibility of SCA and coolant concentrate solutions meetingthis specification shall be determined using (Test MethodD5828) and the results reported.5.3 Both the concentrated and prediluted coolants shallcontain less than 50 g/g sulfate ion.6. Keywo

22、rds6.1 cavitation; fully-formulated heavy-duty engine coolant;glycerin; supplemental coolant additive maintenance doseANNEX(Mandatory Information)A1. REQUIREMENTS FOR FULLY FORMULATED HEAVY DUTY ENGINE COOLANTA1.1 Laboratory data or in-service experience demonstrat-ing a positive influence on reduci

23、ng cavitation corrosion in anoperating engine is required (see Table A1.1).A1.1.1 In-service qualification tests may consist of single-or multiple-cylinder engine tests.At the option of the engine orvehicle manufacturer, such testing may be conducted in “looseTABLE A1.1 Cavitation Protection Options

24、 Meeting the Requirements of Annex A1Utilize One ofthe FollowingPredilute orConcentrateAcceptanceCriteriaIn-service test Per agreement Agreement between engine manufacturer andcoolant supplier for test criteriaLaboratory test (Test Method D7583) Per tested formulation 200 pit count measured per Test

25、 Method D7583, maxChemical composition nitrite formulation Predilute Nnitrite (as NO2) of 1200 g/g (ppm), minNitrite formulation Concentrate Nitrite (as NO2) of 2400 g/g (ppm), minCombined nitrite and molybdate formulation Predilute Combined concentration of nitrite (as NO2) plus mo-lybdate as (MoO4

26、2) of 780 g/g (ppm), min (at least300 g/g (ppm) each of NO2and MoO42must bepresent)Combined nitrite and molybdate formulation Concentrate Combined concentration of nitrite (as NO2) plus mo-lybdate (as MoO42) of 1560 g/g (ppm), min (atleast 600 g/g (ppm) each of NO2and MoO42must be present)D7715 12 (

27、2016)12engines” or in engines fully integrated into an application, suchas a vehicle, a power boat, or a stationary power source. Onesuch test has been developed.4A1.1.2 Coolants that have completed Test Method D7583with a maximum pit count of 200 are regarded as passing therequirements of Annex A1.

28、A1.1.3 Several chemical compositions have been testedextensively by producers and users and satisfactorily minimizecylinder liner cavitation in actual test engines. Coolants meet-ing either of the following compositions are regarded aspassing the requirements of Annex A1:A1.1.3.1 A minimum concentra

29、tion of nitrite (as NO2)of1200 g/g (ppm) in the 50 volume % predilute coolant, orA1.1.3.2 A minimum combined concentration of nitrite (asNO2) plus molybdate (as MoO42in the 50 volume %predilute coolant of 780 g/g (ppm). At least 300 g/g (ppm)each of NO2and MoO42must be present.A1.1.3.3 The above con

30、centrations are doubled for coolantconcentrates.A1.2 Both concentrated and prediluted coolants under thisspecification shall contain additives to minimize hot surfacescaling deposits. Certain additives (polyacrylate and othertypes) minimize the deposition of calcium and magnesiumcompounds on heat re

31、jecting surfaces. No specific chemicalrequirements for hot surface scaling and deposits resistancehave been established at this time. A test procedure is underdevelopment by ASTM Committee D15 and will be incorpo-rated into the specification when approved.APPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1. COOL

32、ANT MAINTENANCE FOR HEAVY DUTY ENGINESX1.1 Engine CoolantCooling system fill for a heavy dutyengine consists of water and fully formulated heavy dutycoolant concentrate or fully formulated prediluted heavy dutycoolant.X1.1.1 Water:X1.1.1.1 Water quality affects the efficiency of coolantadditives. Wh

33、en untreated, all water is corrosive. Water havinga high mineral content or corrosive materials is unfit forcooling system use.X1.1.1.2 When preparing coolant mixtures, the watershould be of such quality that it does not contain excessivesolids, hardness salts, sulfates, or chlorides. In the absence

34、 ofspecific recommendations from the engine or vehiclemanufacture, see Table X1.1. Contact your local waterdepartment, the responsible government agency, or submit awater sample for analysis if there is a question on water quality.X1.1.2 Coolant Concentrates:X1.1.2.1 The coolant concentration should

35、 be maintainedbetween 50 and 60 % glycerin by volume, depending on theengine operating environment. Freeze protection shall beprovided in accordance with Table X1.2.X1.1.3 Prediluted Engine Coolants:X1.1.3.1 Prediluted glycerin base engine coolants (50 vol-ume % minimum) should be used without furth

36、er dilution. Ifadditional freeze protection is required, coolant concentratemay be added to the prediluted engine coolant to increase thetotal glycerin content in the cooling system (see Table X1.2).X1.1.4 Supplemental Coolant Additive:X1.1.4.1 SCAs extend the life of the coolant by replenishingthe

37、additives that deplete during normal operation. SCAs,however, do not extend the freeze protection provided by thecoolant concentrate.X1.1.4.2 Heavy-duty engine users experience has shownthat coolants not meeting the criteria specified in Annex A1may not provide long term protection against cavitatio

38、n corro-sion (liner pitting). User experience and published informationshows the presence of nitrite in an SCA or fully-formulatedheavy-duty coolant is particularly effective in providing maxi-mum protection.X1.1.4.3 New technology consisting of other chemistriesmay provide satisfactory protection.

39、Such chemistries can beestablished by agreement between producers and users upon4“A Comparison of Engine Coolant in an Accelerated Heavy-Duty EngineCavitation Test,” SAE Technical Paper 960883, SAE International, 400 Common-wealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096, http:/www.sae.org.TABLE X1.1 Suggested Wat

40、er Quality LimitsAProperty Specific Values Test MethodTotal solids, g/g(ppm (grains/gal)340 (20) max Fed Method 2540BTotal hardness, g/g(ppm (grains/gal)170 (10) max D1126Chloride (Cl), g/g(ppm (grains/gal)40 (2.4) max D4327Sulfate (SO4), g/g(ppm (grains/gal)100 (5.9) max D4327pH 5.5 to 9.0 D1293AAd

41、opted from a survey by the D15 Water Quality Task Force.TABLE X1.2 Freeze ProtectionApproximate FreezeProtection Temperature, C (F)Glycerin Content, %ACoolant Type V-FF40 18.0 (0.0)50 27.0 (16.6)60 44.0 (42.0)AAdopted from a survey by the D15 Water Quality Task Force.D7715 12 (2016)13demonstration o

42、f performance utilizing Test Method D7583.Optionally, such demonstrations can consist of comparativedamage rating from testing in operating engines. One or bothof these options may be applied as determined in a specificagreement between parties.X1.2 Coolant Maintenance RecommendationsX1.2.1 If any o

43、f the following recommendations differ,follow the engine or vehicle manufacturers recommendations.X1.2.2 Use the coolant concentration recommended in thisspecification.X1.2.3 Drain and flush the cooling system as recommendedby the engine or vehicle manufacturer.X1.2.4 Use water that meets the requir

44、ement in Table X1.1.X1.2.5 Use accurate, reliable equipment, such as arefractometer, to measure coolant concentrate levels for freezeprotections.X1.2.6 Use the SCA manufacturers recommended test kitwhen testing the coolant for proper additive concentration. Testkits shall indicate the degree of line

45、r pitting protection presentin the coolant.X1.2.7 Check freezing point at two different levels whencoolant concentrate and water is premixed and stored in bulk ordrums to be sure mixing is complete before use.X1.2.8 Use coolant mixed at the desired proportions formake-up.X1.2.9 Use SCAs at the recom

46、mended maintenance dosageand intervals to control deposits, corrosion, water pumpdamage, and liner pitting.X1.2.10 Periodically check bulk premixed coolant storagetanks for separation of chemicals and contamination.X1.2.11 DO NOT add undiluted coolant concentrate asmake-up coolant for coolant Type V

47、-FF.X1.2.12 DO NOT add plain water as make-up coolant.X1.2.13 DO NOT exceed 60 % coolant concentrate in TypeV-FF coolant. A coolant concentrate level greater than 63 %actually reduces freeze protection in glycerin base coolants.The maximum recommended coolant concentrate level is 60 %which provides

48、the freeze protection shown in X1.1.2.X1.2.14 DO NOT exceed the manufacturers recommendeddosage of SCA or the recommended concentration of coolantconcentrate. Over-concentration can result in pluggedradiators, heater cores, and charge air coolers and can alsocause water pump seal leaks.X1.2.15 DO NO

49、T reuse coolant that has been drained froma vehicle.X1.2.16 DO NOT precharge the cooling system with SCAwhen using fully-formulated heavy-duty engine coolant.X1.2.17 DO NOT use soluble oil additives.X1.2.18 DO NOT use methyl alcohol or methoxypropanolbase coolant concentrates.X1.2.19 DO NOT use anti-leak additives if engine coolingsystem is equipped with a coolant filter, as this may plug thefilter element. For all other cooling systems, follow therecommendations of the engine or vehicle manufacturer.X2. DETERMINATION OF F