1、Designation: D7752 11D7752 18Standard Practice forEvaluating Compatibility of Mixtures of Hydraulic Fluids1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7752; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last
2、revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope Scope*1.1 This practice covers the compatibility of mixtures of hydraulic fluids as defined by Specifications D6158, DIN 51524
3、, ISO11158, and ISO 15380.1.2 This practice can be used to evaluate new (unused) lubricant compatibility or the effects of combining new (replacement)lubricant with in-service (original) lubricant in the system.1.3 To evaluate primary compatibility using this method, the replacement fluid must pass
4、the ISO 13357-1 Stage II filterabilitytest. The original fluid is not required to pass ISO 13357-1 filterability test, Stage I or II.1.4 Primary testing is conducted on fluid mixtures in 2:98, 10:90, and 50:50 ratios using the ISO 13357-1 Filterability Test,Stage II.1.5 Secondary testing is suggeste
5、d when circumstances indicate the need for additional testing.1.6 This practice does not evaluate the wear prevention characteristics, load carrying capacity, or the mechanical shear stabilityof lubricant mixtures while in service. If anti-wear (AW), extreme pressure (EP), or shear stability are to
6、be evaluated, furthertesting of these parameters may be required.1.7 This practice does not purport to cover all test methods that could be employed.1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.9 This standard does no
7、t purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1 This practi
8、ce is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.N0 on Hydraulic Fluids.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2011March 1, 2018. Published November 2011March 2018. Originally approved in 2011. Last p
9、revious edition approved in 2011 asD7752 11. DOI: 10.1520/D775211.10.1520/D7752-18.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to ade
10、quately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM
11、 International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States11.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International
12、 Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip TestD445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Tra
13、nsparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric TitrationD665 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of WaterD892 Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lu
14、bricating OilsD974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator TitrationD1401 Test Method for Water Separability of Petroleum Oils and Synthetic FluidsD2270 Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kinematic Viscosity at 40 C and 100 CD3427 Test Method for Air Release Properties of
15、Hydrocarbon Based OilsD6158 Specification for Mineral Hydraulic OilsD7042 Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of KinematicViscosity)2.2 ISO Standards:311158:199711158:2009 Lubricants, industrial oils and related products (class L)Fami
16、ly H (hydraulic systems)Specificationsfor categories HH, HL, HM, HR, HV and HG13357-1:2002(E) Petroleum ProductsDetermination of the filterability of lubricating oilsPart 1: Procedure for oils in thepresence of water13357-2:2005(E) Petroleum ProductsDetermination of the filterability of lubricating
17、oilsPart 2: Procedure for dry oils15380:200215380:2011 Lubricants, industrial oils and related products (class L)Family H (Hydraulic systems)Specifications for categories HETG, HEPG, HEES, and HEPR4788 Laboratory glasswareGraduated measuring cylinders2.3 DIN Standards:4DIN 51524 Pressure fluidsHydra
18、ulic oilsParts 133. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 2:98 mixture, na uniform blend of 2 % by weight of original fluid with 98 % by weight of replacement fluid.3.1.2 10:90 mixture, na uniform blend of 10 % by weight of original fluid with 90 % by weight of replacem
19、ent fluid.3.1.3 50:50 mixture, na uniform blend of 50 % by weight of each of two component fluids.3.1.4 compatibility, nof hydraulic fluids, the ability of hydraulic fluids to mix together without significant degradation ofproperties or performance.3.1.4.1 DiscussionCompatibility will be determined
20、using the ISO 13357-1 filterability test. When a mixture passes the Stage II filterabilitydesignation as specified in the ISO 13357-1 test, the mixture is considered compatible at the tested ratio by the primary testingprocedure. If this practice is to be used for adding new (replacement) to in-serv
21、ice (original) and the system is not drained (forexample, top-up), two additional ratios will be required, 10:90 and 2:98. Depending on the ratios that have passed the test, flushquantities are given in Annex A1.3.1.5 fail, nin secondary compatibility testing of hydraulic fluid mixtures, a test resu
22、lt that is inferior to that of the poorer ofthe two constituent fluids.3.1.6 original fluid, nfluid that the system is being converted from.3.1.7 pass, nin secondary compatibility testing of hydraulic fluid mixtures, a test result that is equal to or better than that ofthe poorer of the two constitu
23、ent fluids.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from International Organization for St
24、andardization (ISO), 1, ch. de la Voie-Creuse, CP 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iso.org.AmericanNational Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.4 Available from Deutsches Institut furfr Normung e.V.(DIN), Am DIN-Platz, Burggrafen
25、strasse 6, 10787 Berlin, Germany, http:/www.din.de.D7752 1823.1.8 primary testing, nTwo constituent fluids are combined at 2:98, 10:90, and 50:50 ratios by weight. The fluid mixturesare prepared, aged, and evaluated for changes in filterability using the procedure described in ISO 13357-1.3.1.9 repl
26、acement fluid, nfluid that the system is being converted to.3.1.10 secondary testing, nMixtures of the fluids are prepared following ISO 13357-1 samples and sampling section andevaluated for changes in the parameters detailed in 7.4.3.1.11 type, ntype refers to lubricant base stock and additive comp
27、osition. For example, Rust and Oxidation Inhibited fluid(R however the cap shall havethe ability to seal tightly to prevent water evaporative loss. The neck should be fairly narrow, but shall be wide enough to acceptthe stirrer (6.1.10). The base of the bottle shall be fairly flat.6.1.10 Motor and S
28、tirrerconforming to the requirements of Test Method D1401, subsection 5.3.6.1.11 Pipettes:6.1.11.1 Pasteur or dropping pipettes.6.1.11.2 1 mL graduated pipettes.6.1.12 Laboratory Hot Plate, with temperature probe and magnetic stirring mechanism to constantly stir mixtures at 70 C 62 C.7. Procedure7.
29、1 Either of two testing options can be used-the sequential testing protocol described in Option 1 (4.1), or the concurrent testingprotocol described in Option 2 (4.2). Using Option 1, a 2:98 mixture and the two constituent fluids are tested using the primarycompatibility test. If this mixture passes
30、 the Stage II filterability test, tests must be conducted on the 10:90 mixture (Annex A1).If the 2:98 mixture does not pass the Stage II filterability test, secondary testing is optional but no more primary testing shouldbe done. Using Option 2, all mixtures (2:98, 10:90, and 50:50) and the two cons
31、tituent fluids are tested concurrently. By usingAnnex A1, the results can be analyzed and flushing requirements can be determined.7.2 Preparation of Mixtures (Primary and Secondary)Prepare mixtures similarly, regardless of whether one or three mixturesof differing ratios will be tested sequentially
32、or concurrently.7.2.1 Heat the constituent fluids separately in a laboratory oven at 70 C 6 2 C for 1 h. Remove the fluids from the oven. Stirand allow them to cool, to 50C.50 C. Combine the fluids in the weight ratios (2:98, 10:90, and 50:50) required by the test. Stireach mixture on a hot plate at
33、 70 C for 1 h.7.2.2 Store the mixtures in a dark, room temperature environment for at least 24 h before following the procedure described inISO 13357-1.NOTE 2A longer storage time may be employed with agreement between the parties involved.7.3 Primary TestingFollow the procedure described in ISO 133
34、57-1 to determine the filterability of the mixture. Use steps7.3.1 7.3.3 in conjunction with the flowchart in Annex A1 to analyze test results and make flushing decisions.7.3.1 If the 2:98 mixture fails, no further testing is required unless the option to perform secondary testing is desired.7.3.2 I
35、f the 2:98 passes the ISO 13357-1 Stage II filterability test , the 10:90 and 50:50 mixtures must be evaluated.7.3.3 If all tested ratios pass the Stage II filterability test, the results should be reported as compatible at the tested ratios, thatis, the replacement fluid is compatible with the orig
36、inal fluid at 2:98, 10:90, and 50:50 ratios.7.3.4 Use the decision tree in Annex A1 to evaluate the results.7.4 Secondary TestingIf resources permit, the specified tests can be performed concurrently. Otherwise, any sequence of thesetests may be used.7.4.1 ViscosityDetermine and record the viscosity
37、 of the mixture as described in Test Method D445 or D7042.7.4.1.1 The mixture is considered to be compatible, and its results shall be recorded as pass if the viscosity is that of eitherconstituent fluid or if it is between them. If the viscosity of the mixture is less than the lower viscosity fluid
38、 or greater than higherviscosity fluid by an amount greater than repeatability of the test method, record as fail. The temperature at which the viscosityis performed to determine the ISO Viscosity Grade is 40 C. To obtain the viscosity index, in accordance with Practice D2270, anadditional viscosity
39、 determination must be performed at 100C.100 C.7.4.2 Acid NumberDetermine and record the acid number of the mixture as described in Test Methods D664 or D974.7.4.2.1 The mixture is considered to have passed if the acid number of the mixture is between or equal to either constituent fluid.Record as p
40、ass. If the acid number of the mixture is less than or greater than the constituent fluids by an amount greater thanrepeatability of the test method, record as fail.7.4.3 Foaming CharacteristicsDetermine and record the foaming characteristic of the mixture as described in Test MethodD892.7.4.3.1 The
41、 mixture is considered to be compatible if the foaming characteristic of the mixture is equal to or less than eitherconstituent fluid. Record as pass. If the foaming characteristic of the mixture is greater than the constituent fluids by an amountgreater than repeatability of the test method, record
42、 as fail.7.4.4 Air Release PropertiesDetermine and record the air release properties or the mixture as described in Test MethodD3427.7.4.4.1 The mixture is considered to be compatible if the air release properties of the mixture is equal to or less than eitherconstituent fluid. Record as pass. If th
43、e air release properties of the mixture is greater than the constituent fluids by an amountgreater than repeatability of the test method, record as fail.7.4.5 Water SeparabilityDetermine and record the water separability results of the mixture as described in Test MethodD1401.D7752 1847.4.5.1 The mi
44、xture is considered to be compatible if the water separability of the mixture is equal to or better than eitherconstituent fluid. Record as pass. If the water separability of the mixture is worse than the constituent fluids by an amount greaterthan repeatability of the test method, record as fail.7.
45、4.6 Oxidation StabilitySelect the appropriate oxidation stability test based on the type of lubricant being investigated.7.4.6.1 Determine and record the oxidation stability as described in the selected test method. The mixture is considered to becompatible if the oxidation stability of the mixture
46、is equal to or higher than either constituent fluid. Record as pass. If the oxidationstability of the mixture is lower than the constituent fluids by an amount greater than repeatability of the test method, record asfail.7.4.7 Rust PreventionDetermine and record the rust prevention results as descri
47、bed in Test Method D665.7.4.7.1 The mixture is considered to be compatible if the rust prevention characteristics test is a pass. Record as pass. If the rustprevention characteristic test of the mixture is a fail, record as fail.7.4.8 Copper CorrosionDetermine and record the copper corrosion results
48、 as described in Test Method D130.7.4.8.1 The mixture is considered to be compatible if the copper corrosion characteristics test is equal to or better than eitherof the constituent fluid alone. Record as pass. If the copper corrosion characteristics of the mixture is a fail, record as fail.8. Repor
49、t8.1 Report the following information:8.1.1 Identity of the constituent fluids and the ratios of the mixtures tested.8.1.2 Whether the constituent fluids and mixtures passed the Stage II filterability, and if a passing result was found, report theaverage Stage II filterability for that mixture.8.1.3 Using Annex A1, report the amount of flushes required based upon which mixtures passed the Stage II filterability tests.8.2 If supplementary testing procedures were used, report the constituent fluids, ratios, and test methods wh
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