1、Designation: D7986 17D7986 17aStandard Practice forPreparing Specimens of Hydraulic Erosion Control Productsfor Index Property Testing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7986; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of
2、 revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope Scope*1.1 This practice specifies a set of instructions for preparing samples of hydraulic erosion
3、 control products (HECPs) for indexproperty testing.1.2 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in PracticeD6026.1.2.1 For purposes of comparing measured or calculated value(s) with specified limits, the measured or calculate
4、d value(s) shallbe rounded to the nearest decimal or significant digits in the specified limits.1.2.2 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated, in this standard are regarded as the industrystandard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits th
5、at generally should be measured. The procedures used donot consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the usersobjectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce the significant digits of reported data to be commensurate w
6、ith theseconsiderations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in the analytical methods for engineeringdesign.1.3 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are being regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in thepractice.1.4 This standard does
7、 not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was dev
8、eloped in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Docum
9、ents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained FluidsD3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used inEngineering Design and ConstructionD4753 Guide for Evaluating, Selecting, and Specifying Balances
10、and Standard Masses for Use in Soil, Rock, and ConstructionMaterials TestingD6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechnical DataE145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-Ventilation Ovens3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of common technical terms used in this
11、 standard, refer to Terminology D653.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.25.01 on Mulches.Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2017July 15, 2017. Publi
12、shed February 2017July 2017. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20152017 asD798615.17. DOI: 10.1520/D7986-17. DOI: 10.1520/D7986-17A.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of
13、 ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technicall
14、y possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this stand
15、ardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.2.1 Hydraulic Erosion Control Product (HECP), nin erosion control, a manufactured, temporary, degradable, pre-packagedfibrous material that is mixed with water and hydraulicallyappl
16、ied as a slurry to reduce soil erosion and assist in the establishmentand growth of vegetation.3.2.2 index property test, nin erosion control, a standard test that may be used to compare the relative material properties oferosion control products.4. Summary of Practice4.1 A representative sample of
17、dry HECP is mixed with water in an amount corresponding to the desired mixing rate. Theresulting slurry is spread evenly on a metal sheet pan in an amount corresponding to the desired field application rate. The materialis dried and the resulting sample is removed and cut to sizes appropriate for in
18、dex property tests.5. Significance and Use5.1 This practice is intended to simulate mixing of HECPproducts as would be mixed on a job or project site but in a laboratoryenvironment on a smaller scale. Dried samples are not necessarily intended to represent a field application of HECP products butwou
19、ld be representative of the correct amount of material applied to a known area and provide a basis for consistent and repeatableindex property testing.NOTE 1The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of theeq
20、uipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objectivetesting/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliableresu
21、lts depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.6. Apparatus6.1 Baking PanFabricate a stainless steel straight-sided (not tapered), metal baking pan having dimensions of 280 6 5 mmby 380 6 5 mm by 6.5 6 0.5 mm tall. Retain fabricated pan for future tes
22、ting.6.2 Stand MixerA device capable of maintaining a speed between 60 and 90 rpm on the low setting and equipped with a 4L stainless steel mixing bowl with a coated flat beater attachment.6.3 Drying OvenThermostatically-controlled, preferably of the forced-draft type, meeting the requirements of Sp
23、ecificationE145 and capable of maintaining a uniform temperature of 93 6 5C.6.4 BalanceBalances shall conform to the requirements of Specification D4753.6.4.1 To determine the mass of the specimen, the balance shall have readability without estimation of 0.01 g. The capacity ofthis balance will need
24、 to exceed the mass of the container plus a specimen. In general, a balance with minimum capacity of 600g is sufficient.6.5 Graduated CylindersTwo cylinders, one graduated for 1000 mL and one graduated for 10 mL.6.6 Timing DeviceA clock, stopwatch, digital timer, or device readable to one second or
25、better.6.7 Test FluidDistilled or demineralized water is the only permissible test fluid. The use of tap water is not permitted.6.8 Metal PipeA galvanized pipe having a minimum length of 600 mm and a 25 mm outside diameter.6.9 Miscellaneous ItemsItems such as a large flat solid plastic spatula, scis
26、sors or cutting dies, 4 L zip top bags, and non-stickcooking spray.7. Hazards7.1 Safety HazardsHECP products can be dusty. Eye protection and a dust mask are recommended to be worn during theprocedure.8. Procedure8.1 Obtain a 500 g or sufficient amount of representative sample of the HECP from the m
27、iddle of the bag or bale to satisfy 8.2.For those products with uneven bag distribution of proper chemistry, the manufacturer is required to supply the correct amountsof fiber and chemicals needed to produce the necessary quantity.8.2 Determine and record the required amount of HECP using an applica
28、tion rate of kg/hectare. If the application rate is givenin lb/acre, then multiply that value by 1.12 to get kg/hectare.Then, use the following equation to determine the required amount of HECP, F, in grams for use in this procedure.F 5kg/hectare 3 0.1!3A (1)where:F = required amount of HECP, neares
29、t 0.01 g andA = area of the baking pan, nearest 0.001 m2.D7986 17a28.3 Determine and record the quantity of distilled water based on a mixing rate in liters per kilogram (L/kg). If necessary,convert the mixing rate of gallons per pound by multiplying that value by 8.345 to get L/kg. Then, use the fo
30、llowing equation todetermine the required quantity of distilled water, QDw, in mL.QDw 5M 3F (2)where:QDw = quantity of distilled water, nearest 0.1 mL andM = mixing rate, nearest 1 L/kg.8.4 Add the quantity of distilled water (QDw) from 8.3 to the mixing bowl. Use both the 10 mLand 1000 mLgraduated
31、cylindersto obtain accurate quantities. Place the required amount of HECP (F) in the mixing bowl.8.5 Blend the mixture of HECP and distilled water for five minutes with the mixer on the low setting to create a slurry. Whilewaiting for the mixture to blend, spray 5 g of non-stick cooking spray evenly
32、 into the metal baking pan and then determine theweight of the pan.8.6 After blending for five minutes, remove the bowl from the mixer and place the slurry into the metal baking pan. Use thespatula to make sure that all of the slurry is transferred from the bowl to the metal baking pan. Record the p
33、ans identificationnumber on the data sheet.8.7 As an initial step to spread material, using the 600 mm long metal pipe, roll out the material in the pan. Start in the middleof the pan and roll each direction two times.8.8 Use the plastic spatula to smooth out the slurry in the pan to a final uniform
34、 thickness. Make sure there are no lumps andthat the HECP is evenly spread in the pan. Determine and record the mass of the pan plus the slurry to the nearest 0.01 g.8.9 Place the pan with the slurry in the oven for approximately four hours. Since the drying time may vary and to make surethe materia
35、l is dried, check the mass of the pan and slurry periodically throughout the four hours until the change in mass of thepan and slurry is less than 1 gram (seeper Note 2).hour.NOTE 2It is recommended to check the pan and slurry once every two hours.8.10 Once the water content is in the acceptable ran
36、ge, remove the pan and slurry from the oven and allow it to cool. Then,determine and record the mass of the pan and slurry to the nearest 0.01 g.8.11 Carefully remove the dried material from the pan using the spatula. Then trim the sides of the material with scissors ora cutting die. Six specimens e
37、ach measuring 130 mm long and 100 mm wide can be created from the sample for index propertytesting. Other dimensions and quantities may be needed based on the requirements of subsequent index property testing.8.12 Place the specimens in the zip top bags and properly label individual specimens with t
38、arget field application rate (that is,2000 - 6000 kg/hectare), mixing rate, supplier name and product name.8.13 Repeat steps 8.2 through 8.12 until sufficient material has been produced in order to obtain the necessary number of testspecimens for subsequent index property testing.9. Report: Test Dat
39、a Sheet(s)/Form(s)9.1 The methodology used to specify how data are recorded on the test data sheet(s)/form(s), as given below, is covered in 1.2and in Practice D6026.9.2 Record as a minimum the following information (data):9.2.1 Identification of the material being made into specimens, such as the p
40、roduct name(s), supplier name, and samplenumber(s). If available, record lot number and manufacturing date of material.9.2.2 Date prepared and initials of person performing the preparation.9.3 Record as a minimum the following sample information:9.3.1 The information associated with determining the
41、water content and the water content of the material.9.3.2 The amount of HECP, F.9.3.3 The amount of distilled water, QDw.9.3.4 Water to HECP mixing ratio.9.3.5 Field application rate used to create the specimens.10. Keywords10.1 erosion control; HECP; hydraulic; index property testing; preparation;
42、samplingD7986 17a3SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee D18 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (D798617)that may impact the use of this standard. (July 15, 2017)(1) Revised 8.9.(2) Deleted Note 2.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of
43、 any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to
44、revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Yo
45、ur comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is cop
46、yrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 17a4
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