ASTM E382-2007 Standard Test Method for Determination of Crushing Strength of Iron Ore Pellets《铁矿石颗粒破碎强度的测定用标准试验方法》.pdf

1、Designation: E 382 07Standard Test Method forDetermination of Crushing Strength of Iron Ore Pellets1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 382; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisio

2、n. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method describes a method for determining thecrushing strength of fired iron ore pellets. Cylindrical agglom-erates, br

3、iquettes, and reduced pellets are not covered by thistest method.1.2 The values as stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandards. The values in parentheses are given for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use.

4、It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E 50 Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Consid-erations for Chemica

5、l Analysis of Metals, Ores, andRelated MaterialsE 135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry forMetals, Ores, and Related MaterialsE 389 Test Method for Particle Size or Screen Analysis atNo. 4 (4.75-mm) Sieve and Coarser for Metal-BearingOres and Related MaterialsE 877 Practice for Sampling a

6、nd Sample Preparation of IronOres and Related Materials3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this testmethod, refer to Terminology E 135.3.2 Descriptions of Terms Specific to this Standard3.2.1 crushing strength, naverage compressive loadneeded to break the pellets in the tes

7、t sample completely.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 A load is applied on a single pellet at a specified speedof the compressive platen until the pellet is broken. Thisprocedure is repeated on all pellets of the test sample.5. Significance and Use5.1 The crushing strength aids the pellet producer in the

8、determination of quality problems associated with the produc-tion of pellets.5.2 The crushing strength is often used by the pelletconsumer as a quality indicator for performance in the blastfurnace.6. Apparatus6.1 Loading Unit:6.1.1 The loading capacity shall be 1000 kgf or more (1000kgf = 9.806 kN)

9、.6.1.2 The compressive platens shall be installed in parallelplanes. The surface of the platens that are in contact with thesample shall be made of surface-hardened steel.6.1.3 A device for setting the speed of the compressiveplaten at 0.25 6 0.08 mm/s over the entire test period shall beused.NOTE 1

10、If the platen speed is not constant during the test cycle, resultsmay differ depending upon the test machine used.6.2 Indicating Unit, consists of a load transfer device and aload indicator.6.2.1 Load Transfer Device:6.2.1.1 The transfer of the applied load to the load indicatorshall be by a load ce

11、ll or by a lever.6.2.1.2 The capacity of the load cell shall be at least 1000kg.6.2.2 Load Indicator:6.2.2.1 The applied load shall be indicated either by anelectric indicator (recording chart, meter with needle rider, orother suitable device) for the load cell type, or by a mechanicalindicator (gag

12、e equipped with needle rider or other suitabledevice) for the lever type.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 onAnalytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores and Related Materials and is the directresponsibility of Subcommittee E01.02 on Ores, Concentrates, and Related Metal-lur

13、gical Materials.Current edition approved June 1, 2007. Published June 2007. Originallyapproved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as E 382 02.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM

14、Standards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.2.2.2 When using a load cell, the chart recorder responsetime shall be 1.0 s or less for

15、a full-scale deflection.6.2.2.3 The minimum graduation shall be 1/100 of the fullscale.6.2.2.4 The testing machine shall be calibrated periodically.6.3 SievesSquare mesh sieves 12.5 mm (12 in.) and 9.5mm (38 in.) are recommended; however, others may be used inagreement between parties.7. Hazards7.1

16、For precautions to be observed in this method, refer toPractice E 50.8. Sampling and Sample Preparation8.1 The test sample for determining the crushing strengthshall be obtained at random by riffle division of a sample takenand prepared in accordance with Practice E 877.8.2 Sixty or more pellets, or

17、 a number agreed upon betweenthe parties concerned, shall be tested for each sample.8.3 The size range of the test sample shall be between 9.5and 12.5 mm (as determined in Test Method E 389) or any sizerange as agreed upon between the parties concerned.9. Procedure9.1 Place a single pellet of the sa

18、mple at the approximatecenter of the surface-hardened portion of the lower platen.9.2 Apply the load at a constant rate of 0.25 6 0.08 mm/sthroughout the test period.9.3 Record the maximum load at which each test piecebreaks completely.10. Report10.1 The test report shall include the following:10.1.

19、1 Crushing strength, expressed as the mean value, inkilogram-force, of all measurements.10.1.2 Standard deviation of the measurements.10.1.3 Size range of the pellets tested.10.1.4 Number of pellets tested.11. Precision and Bias11.1 PrecisionThe precision of this test method is depen-dent on the num

20、ber of pellets selected for testing. The user isadvised to use the equation to calculate the number of pelletsto select for testing in order to achieve the desired precision.11.2 BiasNo information can be presented on the bias ofthis test method since no material having an accepted referencevalue is

21、 available.12. Keywords12.1 crushing strength; iron ore; pelletsASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any suc

22、h patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invite

23、d either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a

24、fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).E382072