ASTM E1043-2000(2016) 4292 Standard Specification for Pipets Milk and Cream Examination《奶和奶油检验用吸管的标准规格》.pdf

1、Designation: E1043 00 (Reapproved 2016)Standard Specification forPipets, Milk and Cream Examination1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1043; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisio

2、n. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers miscellaneous pipets suitablefor use in milk and cream testing procedures.1.2 The values stated in SI un

3、its are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E542 Practice for Calibration of Laboratory VolumetricApparatusE671 Specification for Maximum Permissible Thermal Re-sidual Stress in Annealed Glass Laboratory App

4、aratusE920 Specification for Commercially Packaged LaboratoryApparatusE921 Specification for Export Packaged Laboratory Appa-ratusE1133 Practice for Performance Testing of Packaged Labo-ratory Apparatus for United States Government Procure-mentsE1157 Specification for Sampling and Testing of Reusabl

5、eLaboratory Glassware3. Classification3.1 Pipets covered by this specification shall be of thefollowing types:3.1.1 Type 1Breed and brew pipet.3.1.2 Type IIMilk pipet, Babcock.3.1.2.1 Type II AMilk pipet, Babcock variation.3.1.2.2 Type II BMilk pipet, Babcock variation.3.1.3 Type IIICream pipet.3.1.

6、3.1 Type III ACream pipet, additional size.3.1.4 Type IVMilk diluting pipet.3.1.4.1 Type IV AMilk diluting pipet, additional sizes.3.1.5 Type VMilk diluting pipet.3.1.6 Type VIMilk pipet, Gerber.4. Material and Annealing4.1 Pipets shall be made of high quality apparatus glass,suitable in all respect

7、s for the purpose intended.4.2 Maximum residual thermal stress shall conform toSpecification E671.5. Style and Design5.1 Type I, Breed and Brew Pipet (see Note 1)Style anddesign of capillary pipets shall be in strict conformance withFig. 1, Type I. Pipets shall be without bulb, and shall besuitable

8、for use in the direct count method of milk examinationin conformance with the test procedures described in the 14thedition of Standard Methods for the Examination of DairyProducts3for pipet and slide method. The pipet shall becalibrated to deliver, when blown out, 0.01 6 0.001 cm3ofmilk having a spe

9、cific gravity of 1.032 at 20C. Tips shall beblunt, ground, or polished to discharge milk cleanly.NOTE 1Type I pipets (5.1), before being used in New York, must besubmitted to the Director of the State Ford Laboratory, Albany, NY, forexamination.5.2 Type II, Milk PipetMilk pipets shall be Babcock pip

10、etssuitable for testing the butter fat content of milk. The ends shallbe at right angles to the axis. The bulb shall be symmetrical.The tip shall taper slightly over the terminal 5 to 20 cm3, butthe inside diameter at the end must be able to deliver within 5to 8 s when filled with water. The end sha

11、ll be fire-polished.The pipet shall be calibrated to contain 17.6 6 0.05 cm3ofwater at 20C, when tested in accordance with Practice E542.The pipet shall be marked to indicate that it contains 17.6 cm3at 20C. The pipet shall be in strict conformance with Fig. 1,Type II.5.2.1 Type II A, Milk PipetSame

12、 as Type II (5.2) exceptmarked “Sealed” for use in states requiring this specialmarking. (Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi, New Mexico, NorthDakota, Oregon, Tennessee, Washington, and Wisconsin.)5.2.2 Type II B, Milk PipetSimilar to Type II, however, thepipet shall be calibrated to deliver 17.6 6 0.05

13、cm3of water at1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E41 onLaboratory Apparatus and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E41.01 onLaboratory Ware and Supplies.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2016. Published September 2016. Originallyapproved in 1985. Last previous

14、edition approved in 2010 as E1043 00 (2010).DOI: 10.1520/E1043-00R16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM

15、website.3American Public Health Assoc., Standard Methods for the Examination ofDairy Products, 14th edition.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States120C, when tested in accordance with Practice E542. The pipetshall be marked to

16、 indicate that it delivers 17.6 cm3at 20C.The pipet shall be in strict conformance with Fig. 1, Type II.(For use in the state of Nebraska.)5.3 Type III, Cream PipetCream pipets shall be in strictconformance with Fig. 1, Type III. They shall be calibrated todeliver 9 6 0.10 cm3at 20C, using distilled

17、 water, with dropremaining in tip blown out 2 s after delivery ceases and addedto free delivery volume.5.3.1 Type III A, Cream PipetSimilar to Type III, however,the pipet shall be calibrated to deliver 18 6 0.20 cm3at 20Cwhen used as described in 5.3. The pipet shall conform withFig. 1, Type III A.5

18、.4 Type IV, Milk Diluting Pipet (see Note 2)Milk dilutingpipets shall be in strict conformance with Fig. 1, Type IV. Theyshall have a capacity of 1.1 cm3and be graduated to deliver at0.5, 1.0, and 1.1 cm3. They shall be calibrated to contain 0.54,1.075, and 1.180 cm3of distilled water at 20C at the

19、0.5, 1.0,and 1.1 cm3graduations, respectively. Tolerance shall be60.025 cm3at any point on the pipet. When used with wholemilk, the small amount remaining in the tip, after free deliveryhas ceased, is blown out and added to the free delivery volume.For diluted milk, the correct volume is delivered w

20、ithoutblowing out. The pipet shall not have the frosted band near thetop denoting that the pipet is “calibrated” for blow out.5.4.1 Type IV A, Milk Diluting Pipets (see Note 2)Similarto Type IV, except for size. These pipets are available in 1.0,2.2, and 11.0 cm3capacities. These pipets shall be in

21、strictconformance with Fig. 2, Type IV A. Actual volumes of watercontained at 20C at each graduation line are specified asfollows: 1.0 (1.075) cm3; 2.0 (2.150) cm3; 2.1 (2.255) cm3;2.2 (2.360) cm3; and 11 (11.6) cm3. Tolerances at any pointFIG. 1 Pipets, Milk and Cream ExaminationE1043 00 (2016)2sha

22、ll be 60.025 cm3for the 1 cm3size, 60.04 for the 2.2 cm3size and 60.20 for the 11 cm3size.NOTE 2The Type IV and IV A pipets (5.4 and 5.4.1), before beingused in New York, must be submitted to the Director of the State FoodLaboratory, Albany, NY, for examination. In Connecticut, the 1.0 and 1.1cm3pip

23、ets must be checked by the Division of Laboratories, State Boardof Health, when used by laboratories certified to do milk testing.5.5 Type V, Milk Diluting Pipet (11 cm3)The 11 cm3milkdiluting pipet shall be in strict conformance with Fig. 2, TypeV. The pipet shall be suitable for the dilution of mi

24、lk duringbacteriological examination, in accordance with the 14th edi-tion of Standard Methods for the Examination of DairyProducts.3The pipet shall have a capacity to deliver, whenblown out, 11.0 6 0.1 cm3of milk graduated in 1.0 cm3subdivisions. The pipet shall be calibrated to contain 11.6 60.1 c

25、m3of distilled water at 20C from the 11 cm3graduationto tip.5.6 Type VI, Milk PipetMilk pipets shall be Gerber pipetssuitable for testing the butter fat content of milk in accordancewith the 14th edition of Standard Methods for the Examinationof Dairy Products.3The ends shall be at right angles to t

26、he axis.The bulb shall be symmetrical. The end shall be fire-polished.The pipet shall be calibrated to contain 11.6 6 0.05 cm3ofdistilled water at 20C, and to deliver 11 6 0.05 cm3of milk.The pipet shall be in strict conformance with Fig. 2, Type VI.FIG. 2 Pipets, Milk and Cream ExaminationE1043 00

27、(2016)36. Markings6.1 Graduation lines, capacity markings, and legends shallbe etched, printed or stained with permanent fused-in color orstain. Each pipet shall be permanently marked with the name orknown trademark of the manufacturer.NOTE 3The term millilitre (mL) is commonly used as a special nam

28、efor the cubic centimetre (cm3) and similarly the litre (L) for 1000 cubiccentimetres, in accordance with the International System of Units (SI).7. Sampling and Testing7.1 See Specification E1157.8. Packaging8.1 Select one from ASTM Standards: Specifications E920,E921 and Practice E1133.9. Keywords9

29、.1 cream; glass; milk; pipetsASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof inf

30、ringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this stand

31、ard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your vi

32、ews known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contact

33、ing ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 00 (2016)4