ASTM E1157-1987(2011) Standard Specification for Sampling and Testing of Reusable Laboratory Glassware《可重复使用的实验室玻璃器皿的取样和试验的标准规格》.pdf

1、Designation: E1157 87 (Reapproved 2011)Standard Specification forSampling and Testing of Reusable Laboratory Glassware1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1157; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the y

2、ear of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers labo

3、ratory items for use untilthey are no longer considered functional for the intendedpurpose. It is written specifically for reusable items and is notto be confused with disposable (single use) items that aredescribed in other standards.1.2 This specification covers the sampling inspection andbasic te

4、sting criteria for the following four types of laboratoryglassware: blown and pressed glassware, nongraduated;2blown and pressed glassware, graduated;2tubular glassware,nongraduated; and tubular glassware, graduated.1.3 This specification is intended to be used in conjunctionwith a standard specific

5、ation for a specific laboratory glasswareproduct.1.4 The following precautionary statement pertains only tothe test method portion, Section 6, of this specification. Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the u

6、serof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C162 Terminology of Glass and Glass ProductsE542 Practice for Calibration of Laboratory VolumetricApparatusE671 S

7、pecification for Maximum Permissible Thermal Re-sidual Stress in Annealed Glass Laboratory Apparatus2.2 Military Standard:4MIL-STD-105 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspec-tion by Attributes3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 lotitems of the same respective ty

8、pe, class, style,and size offered for acceptance at one time that have beenproduced by one manufacturer under essentially the samemanufacturing conditions.3.1.2 inspectionas both “examination” (such as visualinvestigation without the use of special laboratory appliancesor procedure) and “testing” (d

9、etermination by technical meansof physical and chemical properties) of the item.4. Performance Requirements4.1 The product shall be designed to meet test performancerequirements specified in Section 6. Testing of individual lotsmay be obviated when process controls are employed and1This specificatio

10、n is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E41 onLaboratory Apparatus and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E41.01 onApparatus.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011. Published December 2011. Originallyapproved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as E1157 87 (2006)4.DOI: 10.

11、1520/E1157-87R11.2As defined in Terminology C162.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available f

12、rom Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/www.dodssp.daps.mil.TABLE 1 ExaminationVisualExaminationInspectionLevelAcceptanceQuality LevelMajor defects 2 2.5Minor defects 2 4.0Dimensional Examination S-3 2.5TABLE 2 BLOWN O

13、R PRESSED ITEMS (GRADUATED ANDNONGRADUATED)Classification of Defects (Nongraduated)Major:101Not free of cracks, unhealed chips, breaks or sharp edges.102Not free of checks and open blisters.103Required components missing.104Not free of protruding stones.105Not free of stones (buried) or knots that e

14、xceed dimensions in Table 9.106Required glass joints, rubber stoppers, stopcock plugs or closures not asspecified.107Not within stress limits as defined in Specification E671.Minor:201Identification marking not complete, correct, legible, and permanent, (see6.2).202Not free of blisters (buried) that

15、 exceed dimensions in Table 4, Table 8,and Table 5.203Not free of wiry cord or deformation that affects intended use orserviceability.204Not free of scale that exceeds dimensions in Table 8.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United St

16、ates.monitored. Deviation from or changes to established manufac-turing procedures that could adversely affect performance of aproduct shall be cause for performing applicable testingrequirements on a specific lot to verify quality acceptance.4.2 Alternate testing methods, inspection levels, and sam

17、plesizes may also be implemented. Any deviation shall not negateresponsibility of product from complying with the applicabletest performance standards.4.3 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder, the supplier shall be responsible for the performance ofall designated inspection re

18、quirements. Except as otherwisespecified in the contract or purchase order, the supplier may usehis own or any other facilities suitable for the performance ofthe inspection requirements. The purchaser has the right toperform any of the inspections set forth in the specificationwhere such inspection

19、s are deemed necessary to ensure sup-plies conform to prescribed requirements.5. Sampling and Inspection5.1 Sampling shall be conducted in accordance with MIL-STD-105 with the levels of inspection and examination andacceptable quality levels as noted in Tables 1-13 unlessotherwise agreed upon by pur

20、chaser and vendor. Where appli-cable, distilled water and reagent grade chemicals shall be usedthroughout the tests. Inspection shall be conducted in accor-dance with applicable section and individual specifications.6. Test Methods6.1 Leakage TestThe item shall be filled to nominalcapacity with dist

21、illed water at 25 6 5C, normally capped orstoppered and laid on side for 60 s. No leakage shall result.6.2 Permanency of Marking:6.2.1 Alkali TestA representative piece of each sampleshall be completely immersed in 1 N sodium hydroxidesolution at room temperature, covered, boiled for 30 min, andallo

22、wed to stand in the alkali for an additional hour. The pieceshall then be removed, thoroughly rinsed with distilled water,and dried by rubbing vigorously with a cloth. No appreciablechange in decoration appearance shall result. Loss of glossshall not be considered a defect.6.2.2 Acid TestArepresenta

23、tive piece of each sample shallbe completely immersed in concentrated sulfuric acid at roomtemperature and allowed to stand 1 h. The piece shall then beremoved, thoroughly rinsed with distilled water, and dried byrubbing vigorously with a cloth. No appreciable change indecoration appearance shall re

24、sult. Loss of gloss shall not beconsidered a defect.6.3 Capacity:6.3.1 Blown or Pressed Items (Nongraduated) and TubularGlassware (Nongraduated)Avolume of distilled water equalto the capacity specified for the size shall be added to the item.The water level shall be between the shoulder and the neck

25、 ofthe item or at the approximate point indicated in the specificstandard for the item. The test shall be conducted at roomtemperature (25 6 5C).6.3.2 Blown or Pressed Items (Graduated) and TubularGlassware (Graduated)Accuracy shall be as defined inappropriate item standard. Testing shall be conduct

26、ed inaccordance with procedures in Practice E542.6.4 AutoclavingItems with respective cap or cover se-cured shall be subject to three consecutive autoclaving cyclesat 15 psi for 30 min. Capped items shall be removed after eachautoclaving cycle and allowed to cool for 30 min beforerepeating the heati

27、ng cycle.Autoclaved items with cap or covershall be subjected to leakage test. Temperature shall be 121C.6.5 Pour TestFill the item to normal capacity with dis-tilled water. Tilt at an angle of 45 and pour approximately onefourth of the water from the item at such a rate that the waterflows in a con

28、tinuous stream and falls freely from the spout.Stream of water should not cling to the outside of the item andflow off the bottom.6.6 Centrifuge TestThe centrifuge may be any type ormodel commercially available or normally employed in labo-ratories and capable of speeds (RPM) recommended for theitem

29、. Item shall be filled with tap water to appropriate capacityand placed in centrifuge in balance positions. The centrifugeshall be brought slowly up to recommended speed and run for30 min. The centrifuge shall then be shut off and allowed tostop without use of the hand brake. There shall be no break

30、ageof the item.7. Keywords7.1 glassware; laboratory; sampling; testingTABLE 3 Classification of Defects (Graduated)Major:101Not free of cracks, unhealed chips, breaks or sharp edges.102Not free of checks and open blisters.103Required components missing.104Not free of protruding stones.105Not free of

31、 stones (buried) or knots which exceed dimensions in Table 7.106Required glass joints, rubber stoppers, stopcock plugs or closures not asspecified.107Capacity or graduation lines of wrong width, missing or not straight.108Not free of skips in graduation lines that exceed14 of the line length.109On C

32、lass “A” items, the “A” or serial number (where specified) is missing.110Not free of blemishes in meniscus reading area that interfere with settingthe meniscus.111Not within stress limits as defined in Specification E671.Minor:201Identification marking not complete, correct, legible or permanent (Se

33、e6.2).A202Not free of skips in the graduation lines less than14 of the line length.203Not free of blisters (buried) which exceed dimensions in Table 4, Table 8,and Table 5.204Not free of wiry cord or deformation that affects intended use orserviceability.205Not free of scale that exceeds dimensions

34、in Table 9.ADisregard minor smears, smudges or skips in letters or numbers that do notdestroy legibility.E1157 87 (2011)2TABLE 4 Buried Blisters in Beakers, Flasks, and FunnelsABlister Diameter,mm (in.)BmL, maxup to250C251 to15001501 to35003501 to95009501 to13 50013 501 to19 00019 001 to45 500gal, m

35、axup to0.0660.066 to0.3960.396 to0.9250.925 to2.512.51 to3.573.57 to5.025.02 to12.00.79 to 1.59 (132 to116) 2 3 4 6 8 10 161.59 to 3.18 (116 to18)11111113.18 to 6.35 (18 to14)06.35 to 7.94 (14 to516 00Combined number, max 2 3 4 6 8 10 16Per side, max, (180) 1 2 2 3 4 5 8AFor buried seeds under 0.812

36、 mm (0.032 in.) in diameter or equivalent, allow no more than 12 per 25.4 mm (1 in.) diameter circle.BEquivalent diameter = (length + width)/2.CNone allowed below maximum outer diameter of Kjeldahl flasks, distilling flasks having sidearms or filter flasks.TABLE 5 Buried Blisters in Bottom Zone of B

37、ottles, Jars, and KettlesABlister Diameter,mm (in.)BmL, maxUp to250C250 to15001501 to35003501 to95009501 to13 50013 501 to19 00019 001 to45 500gal, maxUp to0.0660.066 to0.3960.396 to0.9250.925 to2.512.51 to3.573.57 to5.025.02 to12.00.79 to 1.59 (132 to116)112457121.59 to 3.18 (116 to 18) 01234 563.1

38、8 to 6.35 (18 to14 0111 116.35 to 9.52 (14 to38 0009.52 to 12.7 (38 to12) 0 0Combined number, max 1 2 4 6 8 11 15Per side, max, (180) 1 1 2 4 5 6 8AFor buried seeds under 0.812 mm (0.032 in.) in diameter or equivalent, allow no more than 12 per 25.4 mm (1 in.) diameter circle.BEquivalent diameter =

39、(length + width)/2.CAbove lower radius.TABLE 6 Testing for Blown or Pressed Items, Graduated andNongraduatedCharacteristicsTestProceduresInspectionLevelAcceptableQualityLevelLeakage 6.1 S-3 2.5Permanency of Marking 6.2 S-1 2.5Alkali Test 6.2.1 . .Acid 6.2.2 . .Capacity Fill 6.3 S-3 2.5Autoclaving 6.

40、4 S-2 .APour Test 6.5 S-2 2.5Centrifuge Test 6.6 S-2 .AAAcceptance number shall be zero.TABLE 7 TUBULAR GLASSWARE (GRADUATEDAND NON-GRADUATED)Classification of Defects, NongraduatedMajor:101Not free of cracks, unhealed chips, breaks or sharp edges.102Not free of checks and open airlines (elongated b

41、listers) on heated partsor inside surface.103Required components missing.104Not free of protruding stones.105Not free of stones (buried) or knots that exceed dimensions in Table 11.106Required glass joints, rubber stoppers, stopcock plugs, or closures notas arts specified.107Not within stress limits

42、 as defined in Specification E671.Minor:201Identification markings not complete, correct, legible and permanent,(see arts Section 6).202Not free of airlines (elongated blisters) that exceed dimensions in Table 9.203Not free of wiry cord or deformation that affects intended use orartsserviceability.2

43、04Vertical section (neck, cylinder, etc.) not perpendicular to base within112 .E1157 87 (2011)3TABLE 8 Buried Blisters Above Bottom Zone-Bottles, Jars, and KettlesABlister Diameter,mm (in.)BmL, maxUp to250C251 to15001501 to35003501 to95009501 to13 50013 501 to19 00019 001 to45 500gal, maxUp to0.0660

44、.066 to0.3960.396 to0.9250.925 to2.512.51 to3.573.57 to5.025.02 to12.00.79 to 1.59 (132 to116)23481012201.59 to 3.18 (116 to18) 134 680163.18 to 6.35 (18 to14 011 12346.35 to 9.52 (14 to38 01 11129.52 to 12.7 (38 to12) 00 1112.7 to 15.88 (12 to58 0 01Combined number, max 3 5 7 12 16 20 31Per side, m

45、ax, (180) 2 3 4 7 9 11 16AFor buried seeds under 0.812 mm (0.032 in.) in diameter or equivalent, allow no more than 12 per 25.4 mm (1 in.) diameter circle.BEquivalent diameter = (length + width)/2.CAbove lower radius.TABLE 9 Knots, Stones and ScaleSize, mL (gal)KnotsAScale or StonesADiameter, maxmm

46、(in.)Number,maxDiameter, maxmm (in.)Number,maxUp to 250 (up to 0.066) 1.59 (116) 2 0.79 (132)2251 to 1 500 (0.066 to 0.396) 3.18 (18) 3 1.59 (116)31 501 to 3 500 (0.396 to 0.925) 3.18 (18) 4 1.59 (116)43 501 to 9 500 (0.925 to 2.51) 3.18 (18) 4 3.18 (189 501 to 13 500 (2.51 to 3.57) 6.35 (14) 4 3.18

47、 (18)513 501 to 19 000 (3.57 to 5.02) 6.35 (14) 4 3.18 (1819 001 to 45 500 (5.02 to 12.0) 6.35 (14) 4 3.18 (18AEquivalent diameter = (length + width)/2.TABLE 10 Classification of Defects, GraduatedMajor:101Not free of cracks, unhealed chips, breaks or sharp edges.102Not free of checks and open blist

48、ers.103Required components missing.104Not free of protruding stones.105Not free of stones (buried) or knots that exceed dimensions in Table 9.106Required glass joints, rubber stoppers, stopcock plugs, or closures not asspecified.107Capacity or graduation lines of wrong width, missing or not straight

49、.108Not free of skips in graduation lines that exceed one fourth of the linelength.109On Class “A” items, the “A” or serial number (where specified) is missing.110Not free of blemishes in meniscus reading area which interfere withsetting the meniscus.111Not within stress limits as defined in Specification E671.Minor:201Identification marking not complete, correct, legible or permanent (see6.2).202Not free of skips in the graudation lines less than14 of the line len