ASTM E1494-1992(2002) Standard Practice for Encapsulants for Spray- or Trowel-Applied Friable Asbestos-Containing Building Materials《建筑材料中喷涂或镘刀涂抹的易碎石棉用密封的标准实施规程》.pdf

1、Designation: E 1494 92 (Reapproved 2002)An American National StandardStandard Practice forEncapsulants for Spray- or Trowel-Applied FriableAsbestos-Containing Building Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1494; the number immediately following the designation indicates the

2、 year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers encapsulants intended to redu

3、ce oreliminate the release of asbestos fibers from a matrix of friablespray- or trowel-applied asbestos-containing materials.1.2 This practice includes: (1) a series of laboratory tests toshow whether an encapsulant is capable of acceptable perfor-mance on a specified asbestos-free model matrix, and

4、 (2)aseries of determinations to be conducted in the field at eachlocation for which encapsulation has been accepted, to showwhether a given encapsulant is acceptable on the specificasbestos-containing matrix.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values in parenthe

5、ses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations

6、 prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 543 Practices for Evaluating the Resistance of Plastics toChemical Reagents2D 4226 Test Methods for Impact Resistance of Rigid Poly-(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Building Products3D 4240 Test Method for Airborne Asbestos Concentrationin Workplace At

7、mosphere4E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding Materials5E119 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Constructionand Materials5E 605 Test Methods for Thickness and Density of SprayedFire-Resistive Material (SFRM) Applied to StructuralMembers6E 631 Terminology of Building Co

8、nstructions6E 736 Test Method for Cohesion/Adhesion of Sprayed Fire-Resistive Materials Applied to Structural Members6E 849 Practice for Safety and Health Requirements Relatingto Occupational Exposure to Asbestos42.2 ANSI Standards:Z9.2 Fundamentals Governing Design and Operations ofLocal Exhaust Sy

9、stems7Z88.1 Practices for Respiratory Protections72.3 Other Standards:1-GP-205M205 Sealer for Application to Asbestos-FiberReleasing Materials82.4 OSHA Regulations:29 CFR 1910.1001 Asbestos93. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of building terms, refer toTerminology E 631.3.2 Definitions of T

10、erms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 bridging encapsulant, nan encapsulant that forms adiscrete layer on the surface of an in situ asbestos matrix.3.2.2 encapsulant, nfor friable asbestos-containing build-ing materials, a water insoluble material that surrounds orembeds asbestos in an adhesive matri

11、x to prevent release offibers.3.2.3 matrix, na combination of one or more materialsthat provides a representative specimen of the system combi-nation.3.2.4 penetrating encapsulant, nan encapsulant that isabsorbed by an in situ asbestos matrix without leaving adiscrete surface layer.3.2.5 substrate,

12、na structural building component towhich a surfacing material is applied.4. Significance and Use4.1 The purpose of this practice is to provide criteria for theselection of an encapsulant once the decision to encapsulate anasbestos installation has been made. It is assumed that the users1This practic

13、e is under the jurisdiction of ASTM E06 on Performance ofBuildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommitte E06.21 on Serviceability.Current edition approved Oct. 10, 20021992. Published December 1992.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.04.4Discont

14、inued; see 1994 Annual Book of ASTM Standards , Vol 11.03.5Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.07.6Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.11.7Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13thFloor, New York, NY 10036.8Available from Canadian General Standards Board, Ottawa,

15、 Ontario K1A 1G6Canada.9Available from Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission, 1825 DSt. NW, Washington, DC 20006.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.of this practice have already made a decision to encapsulatef

16、riable asbestos-containing material and that this decision isappropriate. Test Method D 4240 and Practice E 849 shall beconsulted for the measurement of airborne fibrous materials inthe environmental air space.4.2 Since existing asbestos-containing materials installed inbuildings may have been appli

17、ed for a variety of purposes inaddition to fire-resistance, encapsulant properties and perfor-mance characteristics not addressed in this practice may beimportant for preservation of original qualities of the asbestos-containing material and should be considered.4.3 The results of the test methods d

18、escribed in this practiceon nonasbestos-containing materials will not necessarily pre-dict encapsulant performance on friable asbestos-containingbuilding materials. These test methods are designed to charac-terize the behavior of the encapsulants, rather than to give adefinitive indication of their

19、performance on any particularfriable asbestos-containg materials.4.4 The test methods described in this practice measurecharacteristics of encapsulants in order to retain essentialproperties of the building material intended for encapsulation.5. Laboratory Test Specimens5.1 Tests shall be conducted

20、on replicate matrices (fibrousor cementitious) at the following specified thicknesses: 10 and40 mm (38 and 112 in.), respectively.5.1.1 The inorganic fibrous test matrices shall consist of acommercially available blend of factory mixed mineral fiberand inorganic binders of fire resistive composition

21、 designed forspray application.10The inorganic cementitious test matricesshall consist of a commercially available factory mixed blendof lightweight aggregate and inorganic binder of fire-resistivecomposition designed for wet-mixed spray application.105.1.2 The sprayed fibrous matrix shall have the

22、followingproperties:5.1.2.1 A flame spread index of 25 or less and smokedeveloped value of 50 or less when tested in accordance withTest Method E84.5.1.2.2 The density of the dry spray-applied matrix shall be160 to 224 kg/m3(10 to 14 lb/ft3) as measured in accordancewith Test Methods E 605.5.1.3 The

23、 sprayed cementitious matrix shall have the fol-lowing properties:5.1.3.1 A flame spread index of 25 or less and smokedeveloped value of 50 or less when tested in accordance withTest Method E84.5.1.3.2 The density of the dry spray-applied matrix shall be240 to 320 kg/m3(15 to 20 lb/ft3) as measured

24、in accordancewith Test Methods E 605.5.1.4 Prior to the application of the encapsulant, the sprayedfibrous or cementitious test matrix shall cure sufficiently toobtain the specified constant weight that shall be measured andrecorded.5.1.5 Panels of the cured spray-applied matrices shall bemounted in

25、 a rack that holds them in an overhead position tosimulate ceiling application (the most severe condition foundin the field). Encapsulants shall be applied with equipmentequivalent to that used for application under field conditions.5.1.6 After application of encapsulant to the test substrate,allow

26、it to dry according to manufacturers instruction. Fulldrying is usually confirmed when there is less than 0.1 %change in weight of the test specimen over 24 h.5.2 For all laboratory tests, apply the encapsulant to separatereplicate matrices at both the maximum and minimum rate asdescribed in the ind

27、ividual test procedures.5.3 Conditioning Cycles for Laboratory SpecimensAfterdrying, condition the treated specimens for three days at 25 62C (73 6 4F) and 50 6 5 % relative humidity prior totesting, unless otherwise indicated in the individual testmethod.6. Laboratory Test Requirements6.1 Cohesion

28、and Adhesion Test (Annex A1):6.1.1 The cohesion and adhesion test values shall determinewhether or not the encapsulant affects adversely the cohesiveand adhesive strength of the specified test matrix whenperformed in accordance with the test method in Annex A1.6.1.2 Acceptance CriterionThe force req

29、uired to causefailure of the encapsulated matrix shall not be less than theadhesion or cohesion force required to cause failure of theunencapsulated matrix, and in no case shall the load be lessthan 2.4 kPa (50 lbf/ft2).6.2 Penetration Test (Annex A2):6.2.1 The penetration test values shall determin

30、e whether ornot the encapsulant shall be classified as a penetrating encap-sulant or bridging encapsulant, in accordance with the testmethod in Annex A2. Encapsulation coverage rate used toprepare specimens for testing shall be the saturation (maxi-mum) coverage rate as determined in 7.2.6.2.2 Accep

31、tance CriterionIf penetration to a depth of 10mm (38 in.) of the 40-mm (112-in.) matrix occurs, the productis classified as a penetrating encapsulant. Products havinglesser penetrations are classified as bridging encapsulants.Differing fibrous matrices as installed in the field may affect thepenetra

32、tion rate. Determination of penetration as described in7.2 and A1.7.2.1 is imperative.6.3 Fire Resistance Test (Annex A3):6.3.1 The fire-resistance test is conducted to determine ifsignificant changes in the fire resistance of asbestos containingmaterials will occur because of application of the enc

33、apsulant.6.3.2 Acceptance Criterion:6.3.2.1 The sprayed material with the encapsulating agent inplace shall not fall from the steel deck during the fire test inamounts greater than for the unencapsulated matrix.6.3.2.2 If the endpoint of the fire test on the steel deckprotected with the encapsulated

34、 sprayed material does notdiffer unfavorably from the endpoint of the fire test on the steeldeck protected with the unencapsulated sprayed material bymore than 10 %, the encapsulant shall be deemed not to affectthe fire-resistance rating of an assembly protected with sprayedmaterial.6.4 Surface Burn

35、ing Characteristics Test (Annex A4):10The following materials have been found suitable for this purpose; BlazeShield as manufactured by U.S. Mineral Products Co., Stanhope, NJ 07874, orMonokote as manufactured by W.R. Grace and Co., 62 Whittemore Avenue,Cambridge, MA 02140.E 1494 92 (2002)26.4.1 The

36、 surface burning characteristics test shall deter-mine the surface flamespread and smoke developed for sprayedor troweled asbestos-containing materials treated with anencapsulating agent.6.4.2 Acceptance Criteria:6.4.2.1 The surface flamespread shall not be greater than 25.6.4.2.2 The smoke develope

37、d values shall not be greaterthan 50.6.4.2.3 All encapsulants shall be water insoluble after cur-ing when tested in accordance with Practices D 543.6.5 Impact Resistance Test:6.5.1 The impact resistance test shall measure the resistanceof the encapsulated matrix to impact.6.5.1.1 The test shall be c

38、onducted using the impact tester11described in Test Methods D 4226: a weight of known surfacearea and known weight shall be raised a given distance abovethe steel panel and dropped, giving a known force of impact(measured in inch-pounds) that will produce a minimumpenetration of 7.6 mm (310 in.) int

39、o the encapsulated matrix.6.5.2 Acceptance Criterion:6.5.2.1 The force to produce a minimum penetration into theencapsulated matrix of 7.6 mm (310 in.) shall not be less than43 in.lbf.7. Field Test Requirements7.1 Field tests shall be conducted under inspection orobservation of the owner of the buil

40、ding in which the encap-sulation application is taking place, or of the building ownersdesignated representative.7.2 Coverage (Thickness) Rate, for encapsulants used in thefield tests shall be at the level required by the matrix systemfield installation, as established by spraying a test area (testp

41、atch) using the specified encapsulant.7.2.1 For penetrating encapsulants, the coverage rate toachieve encapsulation is the saturation (maximum) coveragerate for the particular asbestos-containing material. Saturationis achieved when no further absorption of the encapsulant intothe matrix is observed

42、. Coverage shall be reported as liquidvolume applied per unit area.7.2.2 For bridging encapsulants, the coverage rate toachieve encapsulation occurs when a void-free uniform coatingis formed over the surface of the matrix. Application quantitymust be sufficient to achieve the manufacturers minimumdr

43、y-thickness requirements. Coverage shall be reported asliquid volume per unit area.8. Required Field Test8.1 Cohesion/Adhesion Test:8.1.1 The cohesion/adhesion test shall determine whetherthe encapsulant affects adversely the in situ cohesive andadhesive strength of the friable asbestos-containing i

44、nstallationand shall be in accordance with Annex A1.8.1.2 The force required to cause failure of the encapsulatedmatrix shall not be less than the adhesion or cohesion forcerequired to cause failure of the unencapsulated matrix; in nocase shall the load-holding capabilities of the unencapsulatedmatr

45、ix be less than the load imposed by the applied encapsu-lation materials.9. Keywords9.1 asbestos; bridging encapsulant; encapsulant; penetratingencapsulantANNEXES(Mandatory Information)A1. TEST METHOD TO DETERMINE THE EFFECT OF ENCAPSULANT ON COHESION/ADHESION OF FRIABLESPRAYOR TROWEL-APPLIED ASBEST

46、OS-CONTAINING BUILDING MATERIALSA1.1 ScopeA1.1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determiningthe effect of an encapsulant on the cohesion/adhesion strengthmeasured perpendicular to the surface of friable spray- ortrowel-applied building materials. This test method is appli-cable to both labor

47、atory and field procedures and indicated inA1.6.A1.2 Referenced DocumentsA1.2.1 ASTM Standard:E 736 Test Method for Cohesion/Adhesion of SprayedFire-Resistive Materials Applied to Structural Members5A1.2.2 OSHA Regulations:29 CFR 1910.1001 Asbestos8A1.3 Summary of Test MethodA1.3.1 The property of c

48、ohesive/adhesive strength is deter-mined using a metal dish with a hook and having a spring-loaded scale or weights attached to the materials by a two-component polyurethane resin adhesive system and thereaftermanual application of increasing force until failure occurs.A1.4 Significance and UseA1.4.

49、1 This test method measures the force required toseparate either untreated or encapsulated material from thebase, as well as the internal cohesive strength of the material,and is an indication of the ability of the applied material toremain in place and resist separation during anticipated serviceconditions.11This apparatus may be obtained commercially from: Gardner Laboratory, Inc.,Bethesda, MD 20014, or Custom Scientific Instruments, Inc., P.O. Box A,Whippany, NJ 07981, or Testing Machines, Inc., 400 Bayview Ave., Amityville, LI,NY 11701.E 1494 92 (2002)3A1.5 App