ASTM E1701-1995(2018) Standard Classification for Serviceability of an Office Facility for Manageability《办公设施可管理性的标准分类》.pdf

1、Designation: E1701 95 (Reapproved 2018) An American National StandardStandard Classification forServiceability of an Office Facility for Manageability1,2This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1701; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption

2、or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This classification covers pairs of scales (see Figs. 1-8)for classifying an

3、aspect of the serviceability of an officefacility, that is, the capability of an office facility to meetcertain possible requirements for manageability.1.2 Within that aspect of serviceability, each pair of scales(see Figs. 1-8) are for classifying one topic of serviceability.Each paragraph in an Oc

4、cupant Requirement Scale summarizesone level of serviceability on that topic, which occupants mightrequire. The matching entry in the facility rating scale is atranslation of the requirement into a description of certainfeatures of a facility which, taken in combination, indicate thatthe facility is

5、 likely to meet that level of required serviceability.1.3 The entries in the Facility Rating Scale (see Figs. 1-8)are indicative and not comprehensive. They are for quickscanning, to estimate approximately, quickly, andeconomically, how well an office facility is likely to meet theneeds of one or an

6、other type of occupant group, over time. Theentries are not for measuring, knowing, or evaluating how anoffice facility is performing.1.4 This classification can be used to estimate the level ofserviceability of an existing facility. It can also be used toestimate the serviceability of a facility th

7、at has been plannedbut not yet built, such as one for which single-line drawingsand outline specifications have been prepared.1.5 This classification indicates what would cause a facilityto be rated at a certain level of serviceability, but does not statehow to conduct a serviceability rating nor ho

8、w to assign aserviceability score. That information is found in PracticeE1334. The scales in Figs. 1-8 are complimentary to andcompatible with Practice E1334. Each requires the other.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-i

9、zation established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3E631 Terminology of Building ConstructionsE1334 Pra

10、ctice for Rating the Serviceability of a Building orBuilding-Related Facility (Withdrawn 2013)4E1679 Practice for Setting the Requirements for the Service-ability of a Building or Building-Related Facility, and forDetermining What Serviceability is Provided or Proposed2.2 ISO Documents:5ISO 6240 Int

11、ernational Standard, Performance Standards inBuildingContents and PresentationISO/DIS 7162 Draft International Standard, PerformanceStandards in BuildingContents and Format of Standardsfor Evaluation of PerformanceISO/DIS 7164 Draft International Standard, PerformanceStandards in BuildingDefinitions

12、 and Means of Expres-sion for the Performance of a Whole Building3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 facility, na physical setting used to serve a specificpurpose.3.1.1.1 DiscussionA facility may be within a building, ora whole building, or a building with its site and surroundingenvironment; or it

13、may be a construction that is not a building.The term encompasses both the physical object and its use.3.1.2 facility serviceabilitythe capability of a facility toperform the function(s) for which it is designed, used, orrequired to be used.3.1.2.1 DiscussionThe scope of this performance is of thefa

14、cility as a system, including its subsystems, components, and1This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 onPerformance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.25on Whole Buildings and Facilities.Current edition approved March 1, 2018. Published Apri

15、l 2018. Originallyapproved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as E1701 95 (2012).DOI: 10.1520/E1701-95R18.2Portions of this document are based on material originally prepared by theInternational Centre for Facilities (ICF) and 1993 by ICF and Minister of PublicWorks and Government Servi

16、ces Canada. Their cooperation in the development ofthis standard is acknowledged.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page

17、 onthe ASTM website.4The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.5Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, Wes

18、t Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Tr

19、ade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1FIG. 1 Scale B.2.1 for Reliability of External SupplyE1701 95 (2018)2materials and their interactions, such as acoustical,hydrothermal, air purity, and economic; and of the relativeimportance of each performance requirement.3.1.3 offcea p

20、lace, such as a room, suite, or building, inwhich business, clerical, or professional activities are con-ducted.3.1.4 For standard definitions of additional terms applicableto this classification, as well as those in 3.1.1 3.1.3, seeTerminology E631.4. Significance and Use4.1 Each facility rating sc

21、ale in this classification (see Figs.1-8) provides a means to estimate the level of serviceability ofa building or facility for one topic of serviceability, and tocompare that level against the level of any other building orfacility.4.2 This classification can be used for comparing how welldifferent

22、 buildings or facilities meet a particular requirementfor serviceability. It is applicable despite differences suchaslocation, structure, mechanical systems, age, and buildingshape.4.3 This classification can be used to estimate the amount ofvariance of serviceability from target or from requirement

23、, fora single office facility, or within a group of office facilities.4.4 This classification can be used to estimate the following:FIG. 1 Scale B.2.1 for Reliability of External Supply (continued)E1701 95 (2018)34.4.1 Serviceability of an existing facility for uses otherthan its present use.4.4.2 S

24、erviceability (potential) of a facility that has beenplanned but not yet built.4.4.3 Serviceability (potential) of a facility for which aremodeling has been planned.4.5 Use of this classification does not result in buildingevaluation or diagnosis. Building evaluation or diagnosisgenerally requires a

25、 special expertise in building engineering ortechnology, and the use of instruments, tools, or measurements.4.6 This classification applies only to facilities that arebuilding constructions, or parts thereof. (While this classifica-tion may be useful in rating the serviceability of facilities thatar

26、e not building constructions, such facilities are outside thescope of this classification.)4.7 This classification is not intended for, and is not suitablefor, use for regulatory purposes, nor for fire hazard assessmentnor fire risk assessment.5. Basis of Classification5.1 The scales in Figs. 1-8 co

27、ntain the basis for classifica-tion.5.2 Instructions for use of this classification are contained inPractices E1334 and E1679.6. Keywords6.1 building; energy consumption in office buildings; facil-ity; facility occupants; function; maintenance and operation;ease of; manageability; of building; offic

28、e; performance; rating;rating scale; requirements; serviceabilityFIG. 2 Scale B.2.2 for Anticipated Remaining Service LifeE1701 95 (2018)4FIG. 3 Scale B.2.3 for Ease of OperationE1701 95 (2018)5FIG. 4 Scale B.2.4 Ease of MaintenanceE1701 95 (2018)6FIG. 4 Scale B.2.4 Ease of Maintenance (continued)E1

29、701 95 (2018)7FIG. 5 Scale B.2.5 for Ease of CleaningE1701 95 (2018)8FIG. 5 Scale B.2.5 for Ease of Cleaning (continued)E1701 95 (2018)9FIG. 6 Scale B.2.6 for Janitorial FacilitiesE1701 95 (2018)10FIG. 6 Scale B.2.6 for Janitorial Facilities (continued)E1701 95 (2018)11FIG. 7 Scale B.2.7 for Energy

30、ConsumptionE1701 95 (2018)12FIG. 8 Scale B.2.8 for Energy Management and ControlsE1701 95 (2018)13TABLE 1 Anticipated Remaining Service LifeACountBRemaining Useful Life at Least: Equal to3 = Building envelope: seals, joints = 10 years or more4 = Roofing and flashing = 15 years or more5 = HVAC prime

31、movers and main systems = 20 years or more3 = HVAC secondary distrib., for example, small fans = 10 years or more4 = HVAC controls = 10 years or more3 = Elevators and escalators = 20 years or more4 = Ceiling systems, including fixtures = 15 years or more3 = Interior finishes, for example, coverings

32、= 10 years or more3 = Operable items, for example, doors, windows = 20 years or more2 = Other systems, for example, plumbing = 20 years or more2 = Site, for example, paving, sidewalks, etc. = 15 years or more2 = Electrical system = 15 years or more2 = Life safety system = 20 years or moreAThe antici

33、pated remaining service life on the items listed in this table should beon file, likely in an asset management plan for the facility. Otherwise, rating on thisaspect of serviceability requires expert judgement on each item, and cannot becompleted within a normal half-day site visit. If information i

34、s not available, thenomit this item from the rating, and note that on the rating form.BDo not add pro rata counts for any remaining life that is estimated to be less thanthe threshold years given in the legend. The count in this table is not a slidingscale, for example, give all points or no points.

35、TABLE 2 Causes and Evidence of Energy ConsumptionCauses of Excessive EnergyConsumptionEvidence on Energy ConsumptionAir leakage around windows and doors Expert opinion such as buildingoperator, engineeringInadequate roof insulation technical expertInadequate wall and window insulation,or noneOccupan

36、ts verbal reports, based ondirect experienceDefective vapor retarder, or none Observable defects, for example,stains, icicles,Inappropriate orientation of building moisture/condensation, draftsNo solar control, or not effective Specifications and drawings for thefacilityInefficient systems or equipm

37、ent forHVACTechnical reports based on fieldmeasurementsImproperly sized HVAC equipment Operating recordsPoor energy management and controls(see Table 3).Energy bills, compared with similarfacilitiesTABLE 3 Energy Management and ControlsNOTEThe first two items go together, but a building could have o

38、ne featurewithout the other:Count3 = Occupant participation in energy conservation program4 = Automatic response to user-control, for example, if windows are opened2 = Flushing program adjusted in extreme weather conditionsNOTEA building can only have 1 out of the next 3 choices:5 = Computerized dir

39、ect digital control of building systems,or 4 = Only monitoring and control are computerized.or 2 = Only time clocks (automatic shutdown).1 = Heat recovery or heat pump system.2 = Night setback.1 = Renewable energy source (for example, solar).2 = On-site or “district” power generation or cogeneration

40、.3 = Energy use data is collected, targets set and met.E1701 95 (2018)14ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of

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43、eived a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies)

44、of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 4 Building Services (other than electrical power)TelecommunicationsGas supplyWater supply systemSewage or drainage systemHeating, ventilating, and air conditioning systemElevators and escalatorsE1701 95 (2018)15