ImageVerifierCode 换一换
格式:PDF , 页数:6 ,大小:216.75KB ,
资源ID:529351      下载积分:5000 积分
快捷下载
登录下载
邮箱/手机:
温馨提示:
如需开发票,请勿充值!快捷下载时,用户名和密码都是您填写的邮箱或者手机号,方便查询和重复下载(系统自动生成)。
如填写123,账号就是123,密码也是123。
特别说明:
请自助下载,系统不会自动发送文件的哦; 如果您已付费,想二次下载,请登录后访问:我的下载记录
支付方式: 支付宝扫码支付 微信扫码支付   
注意:如需开发票,请勿充值!
验证码:   换一换

加入VIP,免费下载
 

温馨提示:由于个人手机设置不同,如果发现不能下载,请复制以下地址【http://www.mydoc123.com/d-529351.html】到电脑端继续下载(重复下载不扣费)。

已注册用户请登录:
账号:
密码:
验证码:   换一换
  忘记密码?
三方登录: 微信登录  

下载须知

1: 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。
2: 试题试卷类文档,如果标题没有明确说明有答案则都视为没有答案,请知晓。
3: 文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
5. 本站仅提供交流平台,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

版权提示 | 免责声明

本文(ASTM E1736-2015 Standard Practice for Acousto-Ultrasonic Assessment of Filament-Wound Pressure Vessels《丝线缠绕压力容器的声-超声评定的标准实施规程》.pdf)为本站会员(inwarn120)主动上传,麦多课文库仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对上载内容本身不做任何修改或编辑。 若此文所含内容侵犯了您的版权或隐私,请立即通知麦多课文库(发送邮件至master@mydoc123.com或直接QQ联系客服),我们立即给予删除!

ASTM E1736-2015 Standard Practice for Acousto-Ultrasonic Assessment of Filament-Wound Pressure Vessels《丝线缠绕压力容器的声-超声评定的标准实施规程》.pdf

1、Designation: E1736 15Standard Practice forAcousto-Ultrasonic Assessment of Filament-WoundPressure Vessels1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1736; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last r

2、evision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This practice covers a procedure for acousto-ultrasonic(AU) assessment of filament-wound pressure vessels. Guide-lines are

3、given for the detection of defect states and flawpopulations that arise during materials processing or manufac-turing or upon exposure to aggressive service environments.Although this practice describes an automated scanning mode,similar results can be obtained with a manual scanning mode.1.2 This p

4、rocedure recommends technical details and rulesfor the reliable and reproducible AU detection of defect statesand flaw populations. The AU procedure described herein canbe a basis for assessing the serviceability of filament-woundpressure vessels.1.3 The objective of the AU method is primarily theas

5、sessment of defect states and diffuse flaw populations thatinfluence the mechanical strength and ultimate reliability offilament-wound pressure vessels. The AU approach and probeconfiguration are designed specifically to determine compositeproperties in lateral rather than through-the-thickness dire

6、c-tions.21.4 The AU method is not for flaw detection in the conven-tional sense. The AU method is most useful for materialscharacterization, as explained in Guide E1495, which gives therationale and basic technology for the AU method. Flaws anddiscontinuities such as large voids, disbonds, or extend

7、ed lackof contact of interfaces can be found by other nondestructiveexamination (NDE) methods such as immersion pulse-echoultrasonics.1.5 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regardedas standard. No other units of measurement are included in thispractice.1.6 This standard does not purport to

8、 address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3E543 Spec

9、ification for Agencies Performing NondestructiveTestingE1001 Practice for Detection and Evaluation of Discontinui-ties by the Immersed Pulse-Echo Ultrasonic MethodUsing Longitudinal WavesE1067 Practice forAcoustic Emission Examination of Fiber-glass Reinforced Plastic Resin (FRP) Tanks/VesselsE1316

10、Terminology for Nondestructive ExaminationsE1495 Guide for Acousto-Ultrasonic Assessment ofComposites, Laminates, and Bonded Joints2.2 ASNT Standards:4ANSI/ASNT CP-189 Personnel Qualification and Certifica-tion in Nondestructive TestingASNT SNT-TC-1A Personnel Qualification and Certifica-tion in Non

11、destructive Testing2.3 AIA Standard:5NAS-410 Certification and Qualification of NondestructiveTest Personnel2.4 ISO Standard:6ISO 9712 Non-destructive TestingQualification and Cer-tification of NDT Personnel3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsRelevant terminology and nomenclatureare defined in Terminology

12、E1316 and Guide E1495.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde-structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.04 onAcoustic Emission Method.Current edition approved June 1, 2015. Published June 2015. Originallyapproved in 1995. Last previous edi

13、tion approved in 2010 as E1736-10. DOI:10.1520/E1736-15.2Vary, A., “Acousto-Ultrasonics,” Nondestructive Testing of Fibre-ReinforcedPlastics Composites, Vol 2, J. Summerscales, ed., Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd.,Barking, Essex, England, 1990, Chapter 1, pp. 1-54.3For referenced ASTM standards, vi

14、sit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available fromAmerican Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT), P.O. Box28518, 1711 Arlingat

15、e Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http:/www.asnt.org.5Available from Aerospace Industries Association of America, Inc. (AIA), 1000Wilson Blvd., Suite 1700,Arlington, VA22209-3928, http:/www.aia-aerospace.org.6Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. dela Voie-Creuse,

16、 CP 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iso.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 compos

17、ite shella multilayer filament-winding thatcomprises a second shell that reinforces the inner shell. Thecomposite shell consists of continuous fibers, impregnated witha matrix material, wound around the inner shell, and cured inplace. An example is the Kevlar-epoxy filament-wound spheri-cal shell sh

18、own in Fig. 1. The number of layers, fiberorientation, and composite shell thickness may vary from pointto point (Fig. 2). The examination and assessment of thecomposite shell are the objectives of this practice.3.2.2 filament-wound pressure vesselan inner shell over-wrapped with composite layers th

19、at form a composite shell.The inner shell or liner may consist of an impervious metallicor nonmetallic material. The vessel may be cylindrical orspheroidal and will have at least one penetration with valveattachments for introducing and holding pressurized liquids orgases.4. Significance and Use4.1

20、The AU method should be considered for vessels thatare proven to be free of major flaws or discontinuities asdetermined by conventional techniques. The AU method maybe used for detecting major flaws if other methods are deemedimpractical. It is important to use methods such as immersionpulse-echo ul

21、trasonics (Practice E1001) and acoustic emission(Practice E1067) to ascertain the presence of major flawsbefore proceeding with AU.4.2 The AU method is intended almost exclusively formaterials characterization by assessing the collective effects ofdispersed defects and subcritical flaw populations.

22、These arematerial aberrations that influence AU measurements and alsounderlie mechanical property variations, dynamic loadresponse, and impact and fracture resistance.74.3 TheAU method can be used to evaluate laminate qualityusing access to only one surface, the usual constraint imposedby closed pre

23、ssure vessels. For best results, the AU probesmust be fixtured to maintain the probe orientation at normalincidence to the curved surface of the vessel. Given theseconstraints, this practice describes a procedure for automatedAU scanning using water squirters to assess the serviceabilityand reliabil

24、ity of filament-wound pressure vessels.85. Limitations5.1 TheAU method possesses the limitations common to allultrasonic methods that attempt to measure either absolute orrelative attenuation. When instrument settings and probe con-figurations are optimized for AU, they are unsuitable forconventiona

25、l ultrasonic flaw detection because the objective ofAU is not the detection and imaging of individual micro- ormacro-flaws.5.2 The AU results may be affected adversely by thefollowing factors:(1) couplant (squirter or water jet) variations and bubbles,(2) vessel surface texture and roughness,(3) imp

26、roper selection of probe characteristics (center fre-quency and bandwidth),7Vary, A., “Material Property Characterization,” Nondestructive TestingHandbookUltrasonic Testing, Vol 7, A. S. Birks, R. E. Green, Jr., and P. McIntire,eds., American Society for Nondestructive Testing, Columbus, OH, 1991, S

27、ection12, pp. 383431.8Sundaresan, M. J., Henneke, E. G., and Brosey, W. D., “Acousto-UltrasonicInvestigation of Filament-Wound Spherical Pressure Vessels,” MaterialsEvaluation, Vol 49, No. 5, 1991, pp. 6016012.FIG. 1 Kevlar-Epoxy Filament-Wound ShellFIG. 2 Representation of Filament-Wound Composite

28、Shell Lay-ers Showing Typical Thicknesses and Layering VariationsE1736 152(4) probe misalignment,(5) probe resonances and insufficient damping, and(6) inadequate instrument (pulser-receiver) bandwidth.5.3 Misinterpretations of AU results can occur if there areintermittent disbonds or gaps in the com

29、posite shell or at theinterface between the composite and inner shell. Using con-ventional flaw detection methods, care should be taken toensure that major delaminations, disbonds, or gaps are notpresent. Extensive gaps or disbonds will produce the sameeffect as low attenuation within the composite

30、shell by causingmore energy to be reflected or channeled to the receivingprobe.6. Basis of Application6.1 The following items are subject to contractual agree-ment between the parties using or referencing the test method.6.2 Personnel Qualification6.2.1 If specified in the contractual agreement, per

31、sonnelperforming examinations to this standard shall be qualified inaccordance with a nationally or internationally recognizedNDT personnel qualification practice or standard such asANSI/ASNT-CP-189, ASNT SNT-TC-1A, NAS-410, ISO9712, or a similar document and certified by the employer orcertifying a

32、gency, as applicable. The practice or standard usedand its applicable revision shall be identified in the contractualagreement between the using parties.6.2.2 Personnel TrainingTraining in the following topicsis recommended for personnel who perform examinations.6.2.2.1 Failure mechanisms in fiber r

33、einforced plastics6.2.2.2 Ultrasonic instrument and search unit checkout onfiber reinforced plastics.6.2.2.3 Technology of ultrasonic examination of fiber rein-forced plastics.6.3 Qualification of Nondestructive AgenciesIf specifiedin the contractual agreement, NDT agencies shall be qualifiedand eva

34、luated as described in Practice E543. The applicableedition of Practice E543 shall be specified in the contractualagreement.6.4 Timing of ExaminationExaminations shall be per-formed as desired during the manufacture and use of thevessels.6.5 Extent of ExaminationThe extent of examination shallbe in

35、accordance with 9.1.1 unless otherwise specified.6.6 Reporting Criteria/Acceptance CriteriaReporting cri-teria for the examination results shall be in accordance with 10unless otherwise specified. Since acceptance criteria are notspecified in this standard, they shall be specified in thecontractual

36、agreement.6.7 Reexamination of Repaired/Reworked ItemsReexamination of repaired/reworked items is not addressed inthis standard and if required shall be specified in the contrac-tual agreement.7. Apparatus7.1 The basic apparatus and instrumentation for performingautomatedAU scanning of filament-woun

37、d pressure vessels areshown schematically in Fig. 3.7.1.1 Scanning Apparatus, consisting of a device capable ofholding a pressure vessel and rotating it about an axis. The AUprobe assembly is mounted in a holder capable of beingarticulated and indexed in a manner that maintains the probespacing and

38、probes at a normal incidence angle relative to thevessel surface.7.1.2 Acousto-Ultrasonic ProbesA sender and a receiver,that is, two search units as defined in Terminology E1316.7.1.2.1 The sender should produce wavelengths in thevessels composite filament-wound shell equal to or less thanits thickn

39、ess. For example, for composite shells up to 1 cmthick, the center frequency of the probes should be in the rangefrom 1 to 5 MHz. Probes operating at 2.25 MHz are recom-mended for general use on polymer or organic matrix compos-ites.7.1.2.2 The probes should be acoustically coupled individu-ally to

40、the vessel by columns of water, that is, the “squirter” orwater jet method.7.1.2.3 Probe separation (distance between probes) shouldbe fixed at approximately 2 to 5 cm, depending on consider-ations such as avoiding “cross-talk” reflections, signalattenuation, and the need to include an adequate repr

41、esentativevolume of material between the sender and the receiver. Thelatter requirement is to ensure integrating the effects of diffuseflaw populations in the region being examined currently.7.1.2.4 Apreamplifier is recommended in close proximity tothe receiving probe to strengthen the signal it sen

42、ds to thepulser-receiver. The need to strengthen the signal depends onFIG. 3 Schematic Diagram of Scanning Apparatus and SignalAcquisition, Image Processing, and Data Analysis Instrumenta-tionE1736 153the sender-receiver probe spacing, water jet column length, andattenuation by the shell.7.1.3 Instr

43、umentation, for automated scanning and dataacquisition and presentation. Essential components consist of aprogrammable scan drive module, signal digitizing oscillo-scope with time base and vertical (voltage) amplifier, computerwith an appropriate bus interface, ultrasonic pulser-receiver,digital dis

44、play, and printer/plotter.8. Principles of Practice8.1 The sending probe introduces simulated stress waves inthe composite shell. The receiving probe collects the resultantmultiple reverberations that are generated. The effects of eachlocal volume or zone of the composite shell on AU stress waveprop

45、agation are collected and evaluated.28.2 The objective is to measure the relative efficiency ofstress wave propagation in the composite shell. The dominantattribute measured is stress wave attenuation, as represented bysignal strength or weakness. This measurement is quantified byan AU stress wave f

46、actor (SWF) defined in Guide E1495.Lower attenuation corresponds to higher values of the AUSWF.8.3 At any given location, higher signal strength is a resultof better stress wave energy transmission within the compositeshell and, therefore, indicates better transmission and redistri-bution of dynamic

47、 strain energy. More efficient strain energytransfer and strain redistribution (for example, during loadingor impact) correspond to increased strength and fractureresistance in the composite shell.8.4 Regions that exhibit lower signal strength are those thatattenuate the probe-induced stress waves.

48、These are regions inwhich the strain energy is likely to concentrate and result incrack growth and fracture upon experiencing impact or highloading.9. Procedure9.1 Before AU scanning commences, the sender and re-ceiver probes should be evaluated by comparing the signalswith standard waveforms establ

49、ished previously for a referencecomposite shell. This determines whether there are deficienciesin the instrumentation and probe response.9.1.1 Consider the following two options before proceed-ing:9.1.1.1 Option 1Refer all AU readings on the compositeshell being examined to measurements at the same locations ona reference shell that is known to be free of flaws andrepresents the optimum or most acceptable condition. In thiscase, AU readings on the test shell are “normalized” againstpreviously recorded AU readings for the same locations on thereference shell.9.1.1

copyright@ 2008-2019 麦多课文库(www.mydoc123.com)网站版权所有
备案/许可证编号:苏ICP备17064731号-1